1) The resistance of mice to marine leprosy did not develop by vaccination with thesimple phenol-killed tubercle bacilli.
2) Development of leproma progressed more slowly in mice vaccinated with liquid paraf-fine vaccine of tubercle bacilli or murine leprosy bacilli killed by phenol than in the controls, but the grade of resistance afforded to the treated mice was of the lower order than thatinduced by vaccination with living B.C.G.
3) No effects on tuberculous infection was found in the group of mice injected with liquidparafline vaccine of killed murine leprosy bacilli.

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It has generally been accepted that B.C.G. vaccination induces positive lepromin reaction, which can be considered as to indicate certain grade of immunity to leprosy.
Based on these findings, certain workers have tried to give B.C.G. vaccination for the pro-phylaxis of leprosy.
Taking these facts into consideration, the author made studies on the immunological rela-tionship between leprosy and tuberculosis. Animal experiments were carried out to investigatethe influence of tuberculous infection on the development of murine leprosy and vice versa.
As described in the previous reports, the existence of certain grades of cross-immunitybetween tuberculosis and murine leprosy could be observed.
In these experiments, phenol-killed vaccine, liquid paraffine vaccine and B.C.G. were tested asto give resistance to the infection, of which B.C.G. seemed to exhibit a certain grade of pro-phylactic effects against murine leprosy.

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The ultra-thin sections of My. ulcerans were examined with electron microscope.
1) Two types of bacillary bodies, namely, the homogenous, solid type and the type which has various internal structures were observed. The many intermediate forms between both variations were observed and they could be divided decidedly.
2) The bacillary body is enveloped with a cell wall. Within the bacillary body, large electron-dense granules (50-100mu), small granules (about 20mu), electron-transparent vacuolous structures, and reticular, tubular and ramifying string-like structures were recognized.
3) The internal structure of My, ulcerans is very similar to those of murine, human leprosy bacilli, and tubercle bacilli.

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As the results of the treatment and inhibition of isonicotinoyl-3-methoxy-4-hydroyhenzal hydrazone upon marine leprosy, following facts were obtained.
1. The subcutaneous injection or per os administration of it in the mice which had develop-ed marked marine leprous ulcer or nodules completely cured the lesions, after a few months, and the continuation can. make disappear the acid-fast bacilli from the visceral organs. Then even in the inoculated site, the discovery was very difficult and only several of them could be found even in one field.
2. After the healing of the murine leprous ulcer, the discontinuation of treatment provoked sometimes the recidive and retreatment seemed to have no eflect against the recidive-ulcer. Perhaps, incomplete treatment might get the acid-fast bacilli some resistance. But after studies can clarify the problems of this point.
3. After the treatment of several weeks of healing of the inoculated site, the muscles of the inoculoted site were again transplanted upon the normal mice. By six months afterwards, any involvement of marine leprosy were not seen except only one case after seven months, and others remained without any changes. When the treatment of this drug can be continued for the longer period, the murine bacillus may be unable to survive.
4. The daily administration of isonicotinoyl-3-methoxy-4-hydroxybenzal hydrazane in 10mg after a week of inoculation of the murine leprosy bacilli upon the mice, not only the onset of the disease was inhibited, but also the acid-fast bacilli in the inoculated site were not found. In the groups of animals administered 1mg the onset was strikingly prevented, namely, in 3 of 12 mice, the acid-fast bacilli were quite negative, in 7 only in a few number and a number of them were recognized only in one mouse, while remarkable onset and innumerable bacilli were found in the control animals.
6. The above results lead us to a conclusion that isonicotinoyl-3-methoxy-4-hydroxyhenzal-hydrazone acts as a bacteriocidal drug upon the murine leprosy bacillus.

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1) Acute leprous iridocyclitis has a close relation with the manifestation of erythemanodosum leprosum and multiplies in this case.
2) The seasonal frequency of it is in accordance with that of E. N. L., namely, lowest inthe winter and increases in spring.
3) The frequency and seasonal manifestation of acute leprous iridocyclitis and erythemanodosum in Nagashima Aiseien presented no marked difference between two periods of chaul-moogra oil and promin usages.
4) Acute leprous iridocyclitis combined with erythema nodosum leprosum seems to havesome allergic significance, as one of the diseases which have seasonal changes.
5) 4 eyes of 4 cases who had produced erythema nodosum leprosum and acute leprousiridocyclitis, complained of severe pains and enucleated were histologically examined. Thechanges observed there, as Mitsuda has already reported, are similar to those observed inerythema nodosum leprosum of the skin.

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The intracutaneous hyaluronidase spreading reaction (H-SR) was examined in the 250 maleand 107 female (L 247, N 82 and M 28) inpatients of Oshima Seishoen.
Generally the H-SR is decreased more remarkably in the patients than in the normal.This tendency is recognized markedly in L type. In N type the function is conservated weland M type is intermediate. In the childhood and adolescence the value is the lowest, gradually increases which is a specific phenomenon in leprosy patients. But the fact that thearea of H-SR is smaller in the male (210.3mm2) than in female (301.1mm2) is similar to thenormal. The acme of erythema nodosum leprosum and the intense of H-SR kept a contraryproportion. At vascular spider manifestation, hyposthesic lesion, leprous macular areas itpresents no difference from the normal skin.
Blood sedimentation rate, autonomic nerve functions, resistance of capillaries and decreaseof acidophile leucocytes has no significance.
To summarize, H-SR in leprosy patients seems to be labil and have multiphases.

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Lepra cells proposed by Virchow were certificated by Mitsuda to contain lipoid in its hydropic degeneration and derived from leprosy bacillus by its similar histochemical characters. Up to now, the leprosy bacillus and lepra cells were emphasized to carry on a certain symbiosis.
While, advancing application of antileprotic drugs degenerated the bacilli in lepra cells and made difficult to find out bacilli in our autopsied materials, resulting in confounding foamy cells which appear in certain lesions. Therefore, the characters of foamy cells must be again examined.
The histological roles and origination of lipids of the foamy cells in pulmonary diseases such as pneumonia, pulmonary tuberculosis and lung cancer were histochemically examined to criticize lepra cells.
1) The previous stage of foamy cells derived from the mesodermal especially reticuloendo-thelial system(RES), as its phagocytosis, and for activation of RES a certain bacterium was not always necessary and they can appear in the tissue disturbances in malignant tumors besides inflammation.
2) The specific character of the activated reticuloendothelial system was nothing but phagocytosis.
3) Pathologically isolated lipid by the injuring factors of tissues was taken by the phago-cytotic cells and the protoplasm of the latter accumulates fatty substances to form foamy cells.
4) The above courses could be carried out in the formation of lepra cells. Namely, pathologic fatty substance, as tissue debris of the skin and peripheral nerves severely disturbed were phagocytosed with a number of bacilli, and accumulated in the cells and foamy cells were accomplished. At least, a large amount of lipid observed in the lymph nodes could not be explained by the lipid supplied by the leprosy bacilli. And the fact that a large dose of pathologic lipid produced by the disturbed tissues phagocytosed in a reticuloendothelial cells is more supportable to explain the formation of foamy cells.

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