Thyroid tissue had become destroyed in mice previously injected with Sodium Iodine (131I) This destruction caused the body temperature to fall, and also lessened the resistance of RES (1, 2). However, uniform results for all the mice were not found. Therefore the amount of decrease in the body temperature and the amount of destruc-tion in the thyroid tissue of the Sodium Iodine injected mice varied among the animals and were not uniform. 131I-doses between 100μc to 300μc administered to each mouse caused the same level of destruction of the thyroid tissue. It was then assumed that we might be able to foretell the lessening of native resistance in these mice injected with 131I, by measuring the body temperature. The body temperature was taken in the anus of the mouse by means of a thermistor probe for mice. These treated mice had also, of course, been injected with the primary human leprous material (LL26, 27, 28, 29 and 30 strains) in the testes. Acid-fast bacilli were proved to be present in stamp-smears made from the testes. The results of the experimental transmission of the leprous bacilli in the mouse and its effect on body temperature, and the results in the control animals (those having no 131I) were compared.
The relationship was examined by the ^x2 test by means of which the results of the inoculation with leprous bacilli and the fall of body temperature in mice were compared (Table 4).
Sixty-seven percent of the positive 131I-mice (showing acid-fast bacilli in the testes, +G) showed also lower temperatures. Seventy-seven per-cent of the negative (-) mice showed higher temperature, and in about 90 per-cent of the higher temperature mice acid-fast bacilli were not found. Acid-fast bacilli (+G), however, were not present in any large amount in mice having a lower body temperature.

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A chest mass survey for pulmonary tuberculosis was performed on all the patients at this leprosarium in the year of 1971, the following results being obtained.
1) The number of the patients having tuberculous X-ray findings, inculuding the calcification of the hilar nodes and/or lung fields was 64.38%.
2) Stable and non-cavitary tuberculosis (V-type, VI-type) was 62.51% and the male was more than the female.
3) The number of the patients with unstable lesions or cavitary tuberculosis (III-type, II-type) was 1.87%; the male was higher than the female in the percentage.
4) Therapy should, of course, be applied concentratedly to the unstable or cavitary tuberculosis.
5) Compared with the number of the tuberculous patients about ten years ago, the tuberculous patients at present have been markedly decreased; therefor the chest mass survey for pulmonary tuberculosis in this leprosarium is now on the high road of wellcontrolling of pulmonary tuberculosis, with success.

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As previously reported, 1-6) the two strains of the supposed murine leprosy bacilli have been isolated and maintained on the 1% egg yolk medium incubated at 37°C.However, it is not clear whether or not this temperature is optimal for their growth. The present paper is concerned with the temperature for growth of the organisms.
The growth used for inoculation were 37 subcultures of the organisms which had been isolated from mice previously inoculated with the Hawaiian strain of M. lepraemuriumand 29 subcultures of the organisms isolated from mice with the Keishicho strain of M. lepraemurium. Each colonial growth on the egg yolk slant, 2 to 3 months old and about 2 to 4mm in diameter, was divided by loop into five or seven pieces which were then transferred to one egg slant and four or six egg yolk slants separately ; three out of them (one egg and two egg yolk slants) were incubated at 37°C and the rest were incu-bated in pairs at a lowere or higher temperature. Incubators were used at 22°, 30°, 37° 40°, and 45°C. Observations were repeated weekly or biweekly and the final reading for positive growth was made after 3 months' incubation by comparing the size of the gross visible growth on the egg yolk slant with that of the negative control growth on the egg slant at 37°C.
The results summarized in Tables 1&2 indicate that the temperature for growth of the supposed murine leprosy bacilli ranges from 30° to 37°C their temperature optimum is 37°C. In control experiments the temperature range of M. tuberculosis and M. bovis (BCG) was found to be from 30°to 40°C and that of certain sapid growers from 22°to 45°C (Tables 1&3).
These findings suggest that the two strains of the supposed murine leprosy bacilli are quite distinct from the mycobacteria used as the controls.

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This report is to describe the condition for the occurrence of significantly remarkable and non-exceptional elongation of M. lepraemurium in vitro. The M. lepraemurium used was the Hawaiian strain. The culture medium, which was referred to as NK medium, was the Kirchner medium enriched with 0.25% glucose, 0.25% pyruvate, and 7.5% suc- rose, which was added bovine serum and α-ketoglutaric acid at the final concentration of 10% or 20% and 0.1%, respectively.
When the bacilli were cultivated for 10, 20, and 30 days at 30°C, the bacilli gradually elongated to 4.5, 6.5 and 8.9μm respectively from the initial length of 2.3μm, in the case of the NK medium containing 20% bovine serum. It was decided that the optimal concentration of α-ketoglutaric acid for adding to the EK medium was 0.1% at the final concentration. Furthermore, it was determined that this remarkable elongation phe-nomenon of the bacilli in the NK medium was not due to acidity of the medium result-ed from the addition of α-ketoglutaric acid, but the specific effect of α-ketoglutaric acid.

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