Japanese Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition
Online ISSN : 2424-0583
Print ISSN : 0029-0610
Volume 22, Issue 3
Displaying 1-37 of 37 articles from this issue
  • Article type: Cover
    1952 Volume 22 Issue 3 Pages Cover1-
    Published: March 30, 1952
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
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  • Article type: Cover
    1952 Volume 22 Issue 3 Pages Cover2-
    Published: March 30, 1952
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
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  • Article type: Appendix
    1952 Volume 22 Issue 3 Pages App1-
    Published: March 30, 1952
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
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  • Akio FUJIWARA, Koji OHIRA
    Article type: Article
    1952 Volume 22 Issue 3 Pages 167-172
    Published: March 30, 1952
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
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    In order to investigate the relation between mineral nutrition and nitrogen metabolism, ash analysis of above mentioned samples was fully made.By the dressing of nitrogen the content of nitrogenous matter and carbohydrates fluctuate severely but affect slightly to those of mineral matter.Top dressing of nitrogen causes the increase of total ash absorbed, which indicates vigorous activity of absorbing power. Among the elements absorbed, largest part of nitrogen and phosphorus moved to ears from leaves, some part of potassium, magnesium, manganese and sulphur. But as to silicon, calcium and iron almost all part absorved, rematinedin the leaves and sheaths.
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  • [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1952 Volume 22 Issue 3 Pages 172-
    Published: March 30, 1952
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
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  • Akio FUJIWARA, Seiichi NARITA, Koji OHIRA
    Article type: Article
    1952 Volume 22 Issue 3 Pages 173-174
    Published: March 30, 1952
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
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    Rice plant raised by means of water culture, was deprived of nitrogen for a week from culture solution and resupplied with nitrogen.Resupplied nitrogen was rapidly synthesised to protein through amid-nitrogen. Other plant was kept without sun light to exhaust stored carbohydrate, after one week absorbed nitrogen was not synthesised to protein but accumulate as nonprotein principally amide-nitrogen.So we conclude rate of nitrogen assimilation depends upon the accumulation of carbohydrate, namely the activity of photosynthesis.
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  • Kiyotoki SHIHA, Fumio KODAIRA
    Article type: Article
    1952 Volume 22 Issue 3 Pages 175-176
    Published: March 30, 1952
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
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    The authors studied the content of Ni in several soils at Ueda district and green leaves of plants growing on Shinshu University. The total Ni content in soil were 3〜26p.p.m.and in green leaves were 0.2〜1.6p.p.m.in dry basis.
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  • [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1952 Volume 22 Issue 3 Pages 176-
    Published: March 30, 1952
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
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  • Tomoyoshi KIUCHI
    Article type: Article
    1952 Volume 22 Issue 3 Pages 177-182
    Published: March 30, 1952
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
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    1.The results obtained in different experiments on the period of potassium supply, indicate that the maximum of partial productive efficiency on grain yield was seen during 35 to 45 days before heading, but it of straw decreased rapidly after the middle decade of July.(See table II). 2.The influence of potassium defficiency of this period on the nutritional condition of whole plant appears at the young panicle formation stage resulting in the incomplete formation of panicles.(See table III and IV). 3.As shown in table I and III the increase of potassium content of young panicle and stem in potassium defficient plant is larger than that of boot leaf. This result points out that in low potassium level the transfer of potassium from leaves to young panilce and stem would be restricted by the strong adsorptive power(viz.activity of living protoplasm)of active leaves in the stage of young panicle formation.balance of the activity level of these organs remarkably affecting its translocation.
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  • [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1952 Volume 22 Issue 3 Pages 182-
    Published: March 30, 1952
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
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  • Yoshiaki ISHIZUKA, Akira TANAKA
    Article type: Article
    1952 Volume 22 Issue 3 Pages 183-186
    Published: March 30, 1952
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
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    In the previous report, writers proposed a method by which they determined the most adequate amount of nitrogen to be given to rice plant in a paddy field condition.Our intention of this study is to determine the amount of phosphorus to be given to rice plants by the same method. The weather of the year (1948) when this experiment was carried out, was extraordinary favorable for the growth of rice plant.And the manurial effect of phosporic acid was not manifested well as compared with the ordinary year.So, there would remain many points to be discussed, but we may conclude the following results. 1)If we make a graph (as shown in Fig.3) which sows the relation between the amount of the grain produced and the percentage content of phosphorus in the grain at a given amount of phosphorus application, only one stage is recognized from the graph, this stage is the excess stage.So, it seems there is no lack of phosphorus in this field. 2)However, in the case of no phosphorus plot, about 13 kg P_2O_5 per acre was absorbed from the soil by rice plant. 3)The main variation of rice constituents according to the increment of phosphorus application are the decrease of starch content and the increase of crude protein and crude fat content.
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  • [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1952 Volume 22 Issue 3 Pages 186-
    Published: March 30, 1952
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
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  • Yoshiaki ISHIZUKA, Akira TANAKA
    Article type: Article
    1952 Volume 22 Issue 3 Pages 187-190
    Published: March 30, 1952
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
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    This study is analogous to the studies which were previously reported by the authers.This time, the most adequate amount of potassium to be given to rice plants in a paddy field condition is determined by the same method that was applied in the case of nitrogen and phosphorus.And the following results are obtained. 1)If we make a graph (as shown in Fig.3) which shows the relation between the amount of the grain produced and the percentage content of potassium in the grain at a given amount of potassium application, two stages are recognized from it.That is, the first stage is the normal stage and the second the excess stage. 2)The point of inflexion from the first stage to the second, at which the highest yield, is in the case of 30 kg.K_2O per acre.At this point, the potassium (K_2O) content in the grain about 0.5%. 3)The degree of economic utilization of potassium is highest in the case of 7kg.K_2O per acre. 4)The starch content of rice increases and the crude protein content decresses according to the increment of potassium application.Higher content of crude protein in the case of lower potassium application is attributed to water and NaCl soluble protein.
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  • Michihiko YATAZAWA, Shozo HIGASHINO
    Article type: Article
    1952 Volume 22 Issue 3 Pages 191-192
    Published: March 30, 1952
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
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    As a basic experiment about foliage dressing of phosphoric acid, authors have traced radioactive isomer P^<32> which was applied on leaves of Helianthus annuus L.such plants were employed as their top flowers just began to bloom.Four leaves of each plant were applied ca.1/10 M KH_2PO_4 aq.which contained 0.178 microcurie of P^<32> per one mililiter.To wet the foliage epidermis with aqueous solution, a wetting agent (made of ethylester and monoglyceride of coconut fatty acid) was used in a strength of 0.5%. Samples were taken at 28,53.5,102.5,and 127.5 hrs.after the application respectively.Each of them was dried at 90-100℃, ashed at 500-600℃ and then disolved in conc.HCl.The solution was evaporated under the light of infrared lamp, and the residue was examined of its radioactivity by means of Geiger-Muller counter. In thes experiment authors have clarified that radioactive phosphorus easily entered the plant through foliage epidermis and then migrated throughout the plant.Growing parts of the plant, for example, blooming flower or flower-bud were seemed especially to accumulate radioactive phosphorus.
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  • Jituo INAGAKI
    Article type: Article
    1952 Volume 22 Issue 3 Pages 193-196
    Published: March 30, 1952
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
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    The rice plant, coix Lacryma-jobi, L.and whcat plant were separately cultured in solutions of sulfate and chloride, each of which contains N=40,K_2O=40,MgO=40,Fe_2O_3=5,CaO=40 p.p.m, and the two solutions were both divided into two divisions, one of them contains 20 p.p.m of p_2O_5,and the other 3p.p.m of it. And it was observed that, comparing the results of growth, yield and analysis.between the two solutions of sulfate and chloride.the result in the division of 3p.p.m of P_2O_5 was more remarkable than that in the division of 20p.p.m of P_2O_5. Thus we can notice that "Boas Effest" of sulphate and chloride for the phosphrous is seen in any case of these plants. But the degree of the effect is most remarkable in the case of wheat plant, less in the case of coix Lacryma-jobi, L.and the least in the case of rice plant.After all, we can say that Boas phenomenon is changable according to the natures of the plants.
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  • Tomoyoshi KIUCHI
    Article type: Article
    1952 Volume 22 Issue 3 Pages 197-198
    Published: March 30, 1952
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
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    The purity of the desalted water prepared by synthetic ion exchange resin is sufficient to apply for strictly synthetic media except for silica.This method is more convenient to prepare a large amount of pure water culture than the ordinary distillation method.
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  • Yutaka KAMOSHITA, Yutaka YAMADA, Kiyoko KOBAYASHI
    Article type: Article
    1952 Volume 22 Issue 3 Pages 199-200
    Published: March 30, 1952
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
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    According to the recent several publications, there seem to exist three principal clay minerals ; namely, montmorillonite, kaolinite and illite.Of the former two, many investigations, for various objects, have been made so often that they have shown already physical and chemical natures of those clay minerals to a certain admirable extent.But, of the latter one, there still remain many problems in relation to ascertaining its composition and also nature. Author, cn this occasion, made an experiment for the object of determining the amount of illite in the clays from arable soils, in the following way with a hope, if possible, of giving a certain idea to those who are willing to determine the amount of this clay mineral-illite. After the rational method the clay fractions (<0.002mm) were got from the soils (see Table 2).Of these clay fractions (free from humus) K_2O was determined by the fusion method by the use of Calcium carbonate and Ammonium chloride as in the Table 3.The amount of illite was counted by the authors from the above amount of K_2O after the assumption that illite has its K_2O to such an amount as about 6% in general (see Table 1). After the results of analyses (refer to Table 3) the following conclusions were got. 1)Illite seems to be contained more in the clays from soils of ground water soil type (refer to soils, 55.56.57.5&6) than in those of forest type & etc (refer to soils, 31.32.33.34.35.36&37). 2) In the clays of the soils from granite as well as andesite, illite was determined more than those from other origins ; and among these two kinds of rocks, Illite was observed to be much in the former. 3)Of the clays of ground water soil types, the clays of River Sagami Region (soils.55.56.57) have more Illite than those of River Sakao Region (soils.5.6) The above inclination is probably due to the difference of the rocks which cover the area occupied by the rivers.The area, occupied by River Sagami and its tributaries, is understood to be of more granitic than that of River Sakao, (refer to 2)).
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  • Yutaka KAMOSHITA, Hisae OKADA
    Article type: Article
    1952 Volume 22 Issue 3 Pages 201-202
    Published: March 30, 1952
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
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    In order to determine the amounts of nitrate-nitrogen as well as ammoniumnitrogen, the rapid method after SPURWAY's idea was studied, to the result that the method, somewhat modified, being applied to such an extent as to determine the above nitrogens in about nine grades for of nitrate and in seven grades for of ammonium. After the results of these experiments, applied to the soils (air-dried) of Kanagawa pref., the surface soils of ground water types are considered to have the nitrogens of both forms nitrate and ammonium in such an amout as to be estimated dy this method
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  • [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1952 Volume 22 Issue 3 Pages 202-
    Published: March 30, 1952
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
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  • Yutaka KAMOSHITA, Hisae OKADA
    Article type: Article
    1952 Volume 22 Issue 3 Pages 203-205
    Published: March 30, 1952
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
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    In order to determine the constituents on the title, the method, modified ftom that of Spruway's idea (designated as modi.S.method) was studied with some soils. Of phosphoric acid the determination was made by the comparison of blue colour, caused by the addition of ammonium molybdate solution to the soil extract and next of tin Plate of potassium, by the comparison of yellewish brown turbidity of potassium-salt precipitates by the addition of sedium cobalt nitrite soiution to the soil extract and next of ethyl alcohol, Of phosphoric acid the following conclusion was got, namely, the amount, obtained by this modi.S.method.has an inclination of increasing with the increase of so-called available amourt of the acid, determined indirectly by ten years or more continued pot experiment (of rice plant) or directly by electrodialysis.(see Table 3.) Of potassium, to our regret, no concrete conclusion in relation to the available amount, was not get by us.(see Table 3.) Excluding the above relation to the amount, available to the plant, the modified method of this report may be accepted as the rapid method of determinining the cited constituents to such an extent as in about nine gardes for P_2O_5 (see Table 4.)and also in about eight grades for K_2O (see Teble 4)
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  • [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1952 Volume 22 Issue 3 Pages 205-
    Published: March 30, 1952
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
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  • Tatsuo TAKAHASHI, Masaharu TAKEYAMA
    Article type: Article
    1952 Volume 22 Issue 3 Pages 206-208
    Published: March 30, 1952
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
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    In this report, we pointed out intakes of the nitrogen potassium, calcium, magnesium was influenced by the ratio of nitrate and ammonical-nitrogen in the nutrient solution by the tobacco plant. The analysis (Table 1) showed definitely that an increased proportion of nitrate nitrogen over ammonical nitrogen resulted in a larger percentage of the potassium, calcium and magnesium in most cases, but each increment is different with position of the leaf and the ratio NO_3-N/NH_3-N in the culture soltion.
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  • [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1952 Volume 22 Issue 3 Pages 208-
    Published: March 30, 1952
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
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  • Jiro KOSAKA, Akira ISEKI
    Article type: Article
    1952 Volume 22 Issue 3 Pages 209-212
    Published: March 30, 1952
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
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    In this report the natures of soil humus were studied colorimetrically by the use of electrophotometer.After the results the authors obtained the following conclusions. I)The humus of dark brown to black coloured volcanic ash soils has generally same characteristics in many places throughout japan, it has always a small colour-quotient (Farbquotient) and a large colourindex (Farbzahl).It is regarded, therefore, that this humus has been subjected to intenced humification and has become very stable and acumulative. Of Ando-soils (after U.S.A. idea) the above humus also may be detected. Of other upland soils, on the contrary, the humus has rather contrast nature and is unstable ; a colourquotient being large and a colour-index being small. 2)The humus of peat soil has a large colourquotient and a small colour-index and does not contain A-type of humic acid.With the diminution of the influence of ground water, the above humus makes it's colour-quotient more larger and it's colour-index more smaller, to the result that it becomes to contain humic acid of A-type and to obtain the nature of that of upland soils.
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  • [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1952 Volume 22 Issue 3 Pages 212-
    Published: March 30, 1952
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
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  • Toshihisa TSUGE, Tamaki YOSHIDA
    Article type: Article
    1952 Volume 22 Issue 3 Pages 213-216
    Published: March 30, 1952
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
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    In this paper, we described with relation to the colour and quality of Florida pebble phosphate and Idaho phosphate rock. Also, we determined the true specific gravity and apparent specific gravity of the phosphate rock or pebble with the different colour.
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  • [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1952 Volume 22 Issue 3 Pages 216-
    Published: March 30, 1952
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
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  • Toshihisa TSUGE, Tamaki YOSHIDA, Shizuo TERADA
    Article type: Article
    1952 Volume 22 Issue 3 Pages 217-221
    Published: March 30, 1952
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
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    The present paper make an attempts to elucidate the water, total nitrogen, organic matter, carbonate, iron, and sulphur contents in the various of phosphate rock, and that of the relation between the ingredient and colour on the phosphate rock. The following conclusions may be drown from the work : The contents of the water, total nitrogen, organic matter, carbonate, iron, and sulphur is regard to the type of deposite and geological age of phosphate rock. Especially, it was shown that the large amounts of iron sulphide as FeS or FeS, is contain in the continental phosphate rock, and that the large amounts the ferrous phosphate as Fe_3(PO_4)_2 aq.is present in the island deposited phosphate rock.The quantities of ferric phosphate as FePO_4 is very small. The greyish yellow, grey or dark grey colur on the phosphate rock is due principally the presence of ferrcus iron compound or organic carbon in the phosphate rock.
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  • Shunji FUKUDA
    Article type: Article
    1952 Volume 22 Issue 3 Pages 222-226
    Published: March 30, 1952
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
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    In this paper the acidity and the degree of lime saturation of mulberry farm soil in Hyogo prefecture are dealt with.The results of analysis are showed in a following table.[table] From the above results it appears to be that the optimum acidity on mulberry cultivation are about pH(H_2O)5.8〜6.0,exchange acidity 3.0〜8.0 and the optimum degree of lime saturation are about. 45〜50%.
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  • S AOMINE, K WADA
    Article type: Article
    1952 Volume 22 Issue 3 Pages 227-230
    Published: March 30, 1952
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
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    A study is made on the manner of ammonium flxation by three soil samples which have the property of fixing large quantities of ammonium, as shown in table 4.The results obtained are summarized as follows : 1.Equilibrium between ammonium and potassium on soil is observed within two hours at about 30℃, when 50cc, of 10 per cent potassium chloride solution is applied to 5g.of soil. 2.The fixation of ammonium by soil is rapid, its process to appears to continue for 24 hours. 3.The fixation of ammonium by soil occure more slowly at 6℃ than at 30℃, but no difference is found between at 30℃ and at 70℃, The temperature has no effect on the replacement of ammonium by potassium soil of sample 431 or 436,but in case of 439 its replacement is still incomplets within 3 hours at 6℃. 4.When more than one normal potassium chloride soltuion is used as an extracting solution the amount of ammonium fixed by soil is not affected with the concentration of that solution.When hydrochloric acid solution is used as an extracting agent, the ammount of ammonium fixed by soil decreases with increase of its concentration ; but even when the acid solution is incresed to 3 normal solution, appreciable ammount of ammonium are not recovered. 5.The order of effectiveness of the extructing agents examined is rather irregular with soil samples used, but as a rule hydrochloric acid is the most effective, and potassium chloride is powerful among the chlorides. 6.If a soil is dried on the steam bath after ammonium chloride solution applied, the amount of ammonium fixed or adsorbed by soil is markedly increased.The increased amount of ammonium fixed is nearly equal to that adsorbed. 7.In case of soil sample 431 or 436,the fixation capacity is virtually satisfied when ammonium chloride is applied at the rate of 10 me.per 100g of soil, but it is not true in soil 439. 8.The monber of ammonium fixation by soil 431 is similar to that by soil 436,but it differe with that by soil 439.
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  • T NAKAMURA, K KISHIMOTO
    Article type: Article
    1952 Volume 22 Issue 3 Pages 231-234
    Published: March 30, 1952
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
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    On the determination of molybdate by polarograph, we found out that the phosphoric acid of 15-70% gave the most ideal polarogram of molybdate as the supporting eletrolyte. So we studied on the undireet method, that is the determination of excess molybdate which was contained in the supernatant solution on the ammonium molybdate method. On this supporting electrolytes, the height of wave as proportionate to the concentration of molybdate.Although the first wave was affected by cl ion, the second wave was not affected by any ion. Therfore we adopted the second wave for the determination of molybdate and used 50% phosphoric acid as supporting electrolyte. This method was examined to the determination of phosphoric acid in fertilizers and a desirable results were obtained.
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  • [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1952 Volume 22 Issue 3 Pages 234-
    Published: March 30, 1952
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
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  • [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1952 Volume 22 Issue 3 Pages 235-238
    Published: March 30, 1952
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
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  • [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1952 Volume 22 Issue 3 Pages 239-246
    Published: March 30, 1952
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
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  • Article type: Appendix
    1952 Volume 22 Issue 3 Pages 247-
    Published: March 30, 1952
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  • Article type: Cover
    1952 Volume 22 Issue 3 Pages Cover3-
    Published: March 30, 1952
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
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  • Article type: Cover
    1952 Volume 22 Issue 3 Pages Cover4-
    Published: March 30, 1952
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