Japanese Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition
Online ISSN : 2424-0583
Print ISSN : 0029-0610
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Volume 74, Issue 3
Displaying 1-43 of 43 articles from this issue
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Cover
    2003 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages Cover1-
    Published: June 05, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.74.3_Cover1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2003 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages App1-
    Published: June 05, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.74.3_App1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2003 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages App2-
    Published: June 05, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.74.3_App2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2003 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages App3-
    Published: June 05, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.74.3_App3
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Index
    2003 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages Toc1-
    Published: June 05, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.74.3_Toc1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Index
    2003 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages Toc2-
    Published: June 05, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.74.3_Toc2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2003 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages A1-A6
    Published: June 05, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.74.3_A1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2003 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages A7-
    Published: June 05, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.74.3_A7
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2003 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages A8-A29
    Published: June 05, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.74.3_A8
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  • Treatment of Discharged Solution from the Rose Soilless Culture System by Using Plant Bed Filter Ditches
    Kaoru Abe, Masaaki Hiraka, Hideo Tokiwa, Yasuo Ozaki, Masaru Suematu
    Article type: Article
    2003 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages 273-279
    Published: June 05, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.74.3_273
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    Recently, the soilless culture system has been popularized rapidly in Japan. Because the discharged culture solution from the soilless culture system contains extremely high concentrations of N and P, continuous discharge of the nutrient solution is considered to partly contribute to ground water pollution and eutrophication of aquatic ecosystems. We conducted an experiment to apply plant bed filter ditches for reuse and removal of N and P from the discharged nutrient solution. Three plant species (sorghum (Sorghum vulgare Pers.), water spinach (Ipomea aquatica Forskal), and portulaca (Portulaca oleracea L.)) were evaluated and compared in terms of their ability to remove N and P from feeding solution discharged from a rose soilless culture system using rock wool as the bed. The nitrogen removal rate was maintained high about 2.0 g m^<-2> d^<-1> in the ditch planted with sorghum or water spinach during August to October. In November, the water spinach ditch and the portulaca ditch removed very little nitrogen, while the sorghum ditch was still effective for removing nitrogen. Total organic carbon concentration, dissolved oxygen concentration, and the nitrogen balance indicated that desitrification contributed largely to nitrogen removal in the sorghum ditch. The water spinach ditch showed the highest phosphorus removal efficiency during August to October. Based on the nitrogen removal rate in the water spinach ditch, it was estimated that a plant bed filter ditch with an area of approximately 35 m^2 could remove 65% of nitrogen and 90% of phosphorus discharged from a rose soilless culture system with an area of 1,000 m^2 during August to October.
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  • Chemical Properties of Soil Affecting Calcium Absorption of Broad Bean (Vicia faba L.) on Farmer's Fields
    Naoya Chishaki, Shunji Inanaga
    Article type: Article
    2003 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages 281-286
    Published: June 05, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.74.3_281
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    In order to identify the chemical properties of soil affecting calcium absorption of broad bean (Vicia faba L.) on farmer's fields, the calcium contents of several parts of broad beans and the chemical properties of soils were determined on 15 farmer's fields. The calcium contents of lower leaf, flower, and young pod which were sampled before commencing the harvest were negatively correlated with electric conductivities (EC), nitrate contents, and exchangeable potassium contents of the soils on the fields. Therefore the high nitrate content and the high exchangeable potassium content suppressed the calcium absorption of broad bean in the early growing stage. The calcium contents of shell, cotyledon, and upper leaf which were sampled at harvesting pod were positively correlated with exchangeable calcium contents of the soils. Therefore the high exchangeable calcium content facilitated the calcium absorption of broad bean in the late growing stage. The high nitrate content would affect the incidence of seed coat browning which is caused by calcium deficiency, more potently than the other properties of soils. The nitrate content had a bigger standard partial regression coefficient than the exchangeable calcium content did in the multiple regression model.
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  • An Improved Method for Measurement of the Resting Spore Density of Plasmodiophora brassicae from Infested Soils
    Hideshi Shinoda, Keiichi Murakami, Itsuo Goto
    Article type: Article
    2003 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages 287-291
    Published: June 05, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.74.3_287
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    It is important to measure the resting spore density of Plasmodiophora brassicae in soil in order to establish a countermeasure control for clubroot disease. The fluorescence microscopic method (Takahashi & Yamaguchi) has been the conventional method. But, when using this method, a low recovery percentage of the resting spore artificially infested in the Andosol and its subsoil was obtained. It was thought that the cause of the low recovery percentage is electrical adsorption of the resting spore with negative charges on the surface of allophane soils, which have positive charges. An almost satisfactory recovery percentage of the resting spore was obtained by using a sodium hexametaphosphate solution as a soil-dispersing agent, pH adjustment of soil suspension to above 9, and ultrasonic treatment for dispersion of soil particles. The improved method for measurement of the resting spore density is as follows. Take 20 g of air-dried soil sample into a 500 mL bottle. Add 400 mL of 2.0 g L^<-1> sodium hexametaphosphate solution, and shake for 1 min by hand. Adjust the pH of soil suspension to 10 with 1.0 mol L^<-1> sodium hydroxide solution, and disperse the soil particles by ultrasonic treatment using 180 W for 5 min. After sonication, readjust the pH to 9 with 1.0 mol L^<-1> sodium hydroxide solution and shake for 1 min. Take 40 mL of the soil suspension, and pass it through a 38 μm mesh using distilled water. Fill up to 100 mL. Mix equal volumes of the final soil suspension and 200 mg L^<-1> calcofluor white M2R and 100 mg L^<-1> ethidium bromide solution for staining. Measure the number of resting spores using fluorescence microscopy.
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  • Effect of Soluble Silicic Acid on Suppression of Rice Leaf Blast
    Kazumasa Maekawa, Kazuhiko Watanabe, Takeshi Kanto, Masataka Aino, Mas ...
    Article type: Article
    2003 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages 293-299
    Published: June 05, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.74.3_293
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    In order to clarify t_he blast resistance mechanism of silicic acid, we studied how to suppress leaf blast in rice (Oryza sativa L.) by soluble silicic acid. The results were as follows : 1. When the transpiration of the rice is suppressed, the content of soluble silicic acid was increased to 1.3 times and blast lesion number was decreased to about 1/3 of that of non-treated rice in the low leaf. 2. When Magnaporthe grisea were transplanted on water agar medium that spread the bleeding sap at different silicic acid concentrations, the hypha elongation distance in the medium that spread 388 mg L^<-1> silicic acid was suppressed to half that of the medium that spread 99 mg L^<-1> silicic acid. 3. Hypha elongation distance of Magnaporthe grisea on water agar medium that had 318 mg L^<-1> soluble silicic acid added was suppressed to 62.3% of that of the silicic acid additive-free medium. 4. In the hypha of Magnaporthe grisea on the medium that was supplement with silicic acid 318 mg L^<-1> the silicon was absorbed in the hypha. 5. From the above results, we determined that high concentration of soluble silicic acid over about 318 mg L^<-1> suppresses the hypha growth. This is first report that showed suppression of hypha growth of Magnaporthe grisea through high concentrations of soluble silicic acid.
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  • Effect of Soil Moisture Status on Stem and Fruit Diameters, Fruit Production and Quality in Japanese Pear (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai cv. Kosui)
    Junki Ito, Kounosuke Fujita, Tamio Fujiwara
    Article type: Article
    2003 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages 301-308
    Published: June 05, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.74.3_301
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    Three to six year-old Japanese pears (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai cv. Kosui) grafted on P. pyrifolia cv. Nihonyamanashi were exposed to different levels of soil water potential during the fruit development stages under controlled glasshouse and greenhouse conditions. The effect of soil moisture status on stem and fruit diameters was monitored by a micromorphometric technique and its effect on fruit production and quality was also examined. The effect of soil water potential on fruit growth was different depending upon the fruit development stage. According to monitoring with the micromorphometric technique, the fruit expansion rate during the most active fruit expansion growth stage increased more at high soil water potential (-4 to -1 kPa) than at low soil water potential (-25 to -10 kPa), whereas the reverse trend was found for other fruit growth stages. When soil water potential was exchanged from -25 to -4 kPa only during the most active fruit expansion growth stage, the average fruit weight as well as fruit sugar concentration was increased. Water stress (soil water potential ranged -63 to -32 kPa) reduced fruit and stem diameters at the mature fruit stage and the reductions were detected soon (2-6 h) after measuring water stress by monitoring with the micromorphometric technique. However, fruit sugar concentration increased with water stress. Water stress at maturity also decreased mineral content of vegetative branches at the pruning stages, and the decrease was more remarkable for nitrogen content. These results suggest that early diagnosis of water stress of Japanese pear can be made by monitoring changes in fruit and stem diameters by the micromorphometric technique.
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  • Effect of Supplemental Lighting on Fruit Production and Quality in Japanese Pear (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai cv. Kosui)
    Junki Ito, Yoshikatsu Nagatani, Toshio Honda, Kounosuke Fujita, Shunji ...
    Article type: Article
    2003 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages 309-315
    Published: June 05, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.74.3_309
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    Three- to nine-year-old Japanese pear trees (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai cv. Kosui) were grown under field conditions and in pots filled with Granite Regosol fertilized adequately. Diurnal and seasonal changes in stem diameter of lateral branch, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate in leaves and quality and size of matured fruit were measured to examine the effect of supplemental lighting on vegetative growth and fruit production in Japanese pear trees. 1) The apparent photosynthetic rate (Po) tended to increase with increasing irradiance up to 1,200 μmol m^<-2>s^<-1>. The highest Po was about 15 μmol m^<-2>s^<-1> for spur leaves and 17 μmol m^<-2>s^<-1> for lateral branch leaves, respectively. Po of lateral branch leaves increased with supplemental lighting in both the early morning and evening, and on cloudy days when solar radiation was low. 2) Supplemental lighting increased water transport rate during daytime ; however it decreased stem diameter of a lateral branch, indicating that stem diameter shrinks more at higher irradiation by supplemental lighting, and changes in stem diameter are associated with water status in the stem. 3) Supplemental lighting promoted maturity of fruits fewer days than in the control plants and increased average fruit weight and fruit sugar concentration. These results indicate that when solar radiation is not adequately supplied, supplemental lighting is effective in promoting fruit size and quality. The effects are probably due to enhancement of photosynthesis.
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  • Relationship between Nitrogen and Calcium Concentration and Occurrence of Head Rot of Broccoli
    Ryuichi Nakamura, Yuji Hikasa, Miki Muraguchi
    Article type: Article
    2003 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages 317-322
    Published: June 05, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.74.3_317
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    To clarify the relationship between nutrient concentration in heads of broccoli and the occurrence of head rot, N and Ca application experiments were carried out. 1) The increased N application promoted the occurrence of head rot. N concentration was higher in rotted heads compared with healthy ones. Foliar spray of Ca increased Ca concentration in heads and suppressed head rot. 2) Both N and Ca concentration had influence on head rot. The Ca/N ratio of heads had negative correlation with the occurrence of head rot, and with a ratio of more than 0.2, frequency of head rot was less than 10% ; with a ratio of more than 0.3, head rot didn't occur. 3) Split application of N increased Ca amount in heads compared with basal application, and was effective to control head rot. 4) In low land soil, head rot mainly occurred in thin layer or poor drainage land. Based on these results, we concluded that i) concentration of N and Ca have influence on the occurrence of head rot and ii) improving N application method, improvement of soil physical property and Ca foliar spray are effective to control head rot.
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  • Variation of Natural ^<15>N Abundance (δ^<15>N) in Greenhouse Tomato and Available Nitrogen in Soil Supplied with Cow Manure or Chemical Fertilizers
    Tetsuo Tokunaga, Yasushi Kimura, Tadakatsu Yoneyama
    Article type: Article
    2003 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages 323-331
    Published: June 05, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.74.3_323
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    Cow manure or chemical fertilizers applied to greenhouse-grown tomato changed N contents and natural ^<15>N abundance (δ^<15>N) in tomato plants and the δ^<15>N values of available N in soil. Cow manure increased and chemical fertilizers decreased the δ^<15>N values of tomato plants. In the early periods of tomato culture with cow manure, the δ^<15>N values of nitrate nitrogen of soil were higher than those of whole cow manure N, and, thereafter, dropped to δ^<15>N values between those of soil and cow manure. Application of chemical fertilizers to soil immediately raised the δ^<15>N values of ammonium nitrogen in soil but they dropped quickly to δ^<15>N values between those of soil and fertilizers. On the estimation of the soil-derived N, manure-derived N and fertilizer-derived N in tomato plants based on the δ^<15>N values of sources, much caution should be paid concerning the isotopic variation caused by N sources and isotopic fractionation during N transformation in soil.
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  • Effect of Acidified Porous Hydrate Calcium Silicate Applied in a Nursery Bed Soil on Growth and Nutrient Uptake of Rice Seedling
    Masahiko Saigusa, Hironori Heinai, Kyoichi Shibuya, Hitoshi Okazaki, K ...
    Article type: Article
    2003 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages 333-337
    Published: June 05, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.74.3_333
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    The effects of acidified porous hydrate calcium silicate (APS) applied in nursery bed soil on the growth and nutrient uptake of rice seedling (Oryza sativa L. cv. Hitomebore) was examined in a glass house in 2000 and 2001. 1) Some characteristics of rice seedlings such as the shoot dry weight, the ratio of shoot dry weight to shoot length, erection of leaf blade, etc., were improved when treated with APS. The contents of silicon, calcium and sulfur in shoots of seedlings were increased with an increase in application rate of APS. Both these characteristics and the silicon nutrition of the rice seedlings grown on the medium of KPS : soil=1 : 3 were almost the same as those of seedlings grown in the medium treated with 200 g silica gel per tray. 2) Shoot dry weight and the ratio of shoot dry weight to shoot length of nursling, young, middle and mature seedlings were increased by the application of APS. The silicon content of those seedlings grown on the medium of APS : soil= 1 : 3 were increased by 16, 60, 42 and 55% respectively, compared to those in the non-treated one. Silicon content of these seedlings except nurslings was almost the same as that of the seedlings grown on the medium treated with 200 g silica gel per tray. From the above results it is concluded that acidified porous hydrate calcium silicate is one of the most feasible materials for improving both silicon nutrition and growth of rice seedlings.
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  • A Proposal for Quality Evaluation of Swine Manure
    Kiwamu Shiiba, Ken Kanzaki, Satoshi Matsumoto
    Article type: Article
    2003 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages 339-342
    Published: June 05, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.74.3_339
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  • Real-Time Diagnosis of Nitrogen Nutrition in Fig Trees
    Katsutoshi Taki
    Article type: Article
    2003 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages 343-347
    Published: June 05, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.74.3_343
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  • Process of Estimation of Nitrogen Fertilizer Requirement of Winter Wheat Basecl on Supply of Soil Nitrogen
    Yuji Watanabe, Toru Ueno, Masahiro Yamagami, Syuji Higashida
    Article type: Article
    2003 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages 349-352
    Published: June 05, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.74.3_349
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  • The Soil Exchangeable Potassium Level Which Enable to Cultivate Paddy Rice without Potassium Fertilizer
    Yoshinori Takahashi, Teruo Shima, Yoshinori Takahashi, Masaki Takahash ...
    Article type: Article
    2003 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages 353-356
    Published: June 05, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.74.3_353
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  • Methods of Animal Wastes Compost Application on Upland Field under Several Vegetables Cropping for Decreasing Soil Nitrate-Nitrogen Content
    Tetsuya Katsuki
    Article type: Article
    2003 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages 357-361
    Published: June 05, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.74.3_357
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  • The Drip Fertilization of Cucumber in Greenhouse Culture Using the Coating Fertilizer
    Yoshie Minamitani, Motoki Nishihara, Akitoshi Yokoyama, Koichi Sugita, ...
    Article type: Article
    2003 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages 363-366
    Published: June 05, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.74.3_363
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  • Effect of Liming Material Application on Growth of Nursery Stock of Tree Peony for Forcing Culture
    Junji Ito
    Article type: Article
    2003 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages 367-370
    Published: June 05, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.74.3_367
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  • Recent Trend and View of Studies on Humic Substances in Japan. 4. Humic Substances and Their Role in the Environment
    Seiya Nagao
    Article type: Article
    2003 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages 371-376
    Published: June 05, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.74.3_371
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  • Impact of Global Warming on Agricultural and Forest Ecosystem. 4. Impact on Soil
    Ichiro Taniyama
    Article type: Article
    2003 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages 377-384
    Published: June 05, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.74.3_377
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  • Outline of Reinforcement of the Regulation on the Discharge Elimination of Pollutants from Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations in USA
    Michinori Nishio
    Article type: Article
    2003 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages 385-
    Published: June 05, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.74.3_385
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    2003 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages 386-
    Published: June 05, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.74.3_386
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Bibliography
    2003 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages 387-392
    Published: June 05, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.74.3_387
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2003 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages 393-
    Published: June 05, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.74.3_393
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2003 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages 394-
    Published: June 05, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.74.3_394
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2003 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages 395-404
    Published: June 05, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.74.3_395
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    2003 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages 405-
    Published: June 05, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.74.3_405
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2003 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages App4-
    Published: June 05, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.74.3_App4
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2003 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages App5-
    Published: June 05, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.74.3_App5
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2003 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages App6-
    Published: June 05, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.74.3_App6
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2003 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages App7-
    Published: June 05, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.74.3_App7
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2003 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages App8-
    Published: June 05, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.74.3_App8
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2003 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages App9-
    Published: June 05, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.74.3_App9
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2003 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages App10-
    Published: June 05, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.74.3_App10
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Cover
    2003 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages Cover2-
    Published: June 05, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.74.3_Cover2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Cover
    2003 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages Cover3-
    Published: June 05, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.74.3_Cover3
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