生理心理学と精神生理学

選択的視覚弁別処理時の事象関連脳電位

大脳半球機能特異性との関係

小西賢三, 沖田庸嵩

1987 年 5 巻 1 号 p. 1-9
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2012/11/27

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5674/jjppp1983.5.1

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The hemispheric asymmetry of negative event-related potentials with selective attention was examined in eight adults while the subjects were instructed to detect plant names (targets) among animal names if they were presented in red (or blue) and to ignore those names if they were in blue (or red).
Negativity to names in the attended color was maximum at the vertex and lateralized at the left hemisphere. However, this asymmetry was not found when subjects performed a discrimination on non-verbal task. In addition, those data on reaction time suggested that the attentional negativity developed during a stimulus discrimination depending on whether the relevant item was a target.
The negativity was interpreted as partially reflecting a processing stage associated with the target discrimination for a relevant stimulus.

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入眠期指標としての緩徐眼球運動の変動

広重佳治

1987 年 5 巻 1 号 p. 11-19
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2012/11/27

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5674/jjppp1983.5.11

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The present study examined slow eye movements (SEMs) during early sleep in twenty female subjects, aiming at the detection of hypnagogic state. SEMs were recorded as slow deflections on a pair of horizontal EOGs with the opposite polarity-a phase method (Rechtschaffen & Kales, 1968). SEMs were prominent at the beginning of EEG stage 1, and they terminated when stage 2 lasted about 5 min and kept stable. No recovery of SEMs was seen during slow wave sleep. Analyses of a rising angle revealed that SEM wave form became slower with the progress of sleep. All epochs of the first SEM and 70% of maximum SEMs fell into stage W, preceding the first stage 1. Sleepiness, which subjects signaled by pressing a button switch, induced significant increases in SEMs, whether or not stage 1 developed. These data suggest that SEMs can give a useful criterion to define the temporal range of hypnagogic state.

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日中の眠気におけるウルトラディアン・リズムの検討

林光緒, 堀忠雄, 杉本助男

1987 年 5 巻 1 号 p. 21-28
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2012/11/27

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5674/jjppp1983.5.21

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The fluctuations of daytime sleepiness were studied in 8 male subjects (20-22 y). After nocturnal sleep (23 : 00-07 : 00), subjects were assessed their daytime sleepiness at 30-min intervals (08 : 00-19 : 00) by three measures ; Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT), Kwansei-Gakuin Sleepiness Scale (KSS) and EEG. MSLT scores and amplitudes of the theta and the alpha bands of Cz EEG showed significant periodicity of approximately 90 min corresponding to basic rest activity cycle (BRAC). KSS scores and amplitudes of the delta band of EEG showed much slower rhythms than 90 min. These data show that daytime sleepiness fluctuates with ultradian rhythms. The variations of periodicity amomg the five indices suggest that the fluctuations of daytime sleepiness are composite of multiple factors.

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精神生理学的虚偽検出技術の動向

山村武彦

1987 年 5 巻 1 号 p. 29-38
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2012/11/27

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5674/jjppp1983.5.29

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Laboratory and field researches on the psychophysiological detection of deception (PDD) in the criminal investigation are reviewed and evaluated in order to provide some informations on the usefulness of polygraph techniques. The history of lie detection and its scientific methodology to assess the various physiological measures in detecting deception were described. The present review also refers to the validity and the reliability of polygraph technique, which a general scientific acceptance would confirm it if more discrete and sophisticated considerations for PDD in criminal investigations and judicial proceedings were conducted.

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第4回学術大会要旨

1987 年 5 巻 1 号 p. 39-69
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2012/11/27

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5674/jjppp1983.5.39

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