巻号一覧
31 巻 (1995)
- 3 号 p. 137-
- 2 号 p. 63-
- 1 号 p. 1-
31 巻, 3 号
選択された号の論文の8件中1～8を表示しています
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発生の経過と変遷その2八木 正一, 中島 進1995 年 31 巻 3 号 p. 137-149
発行日: 1995/12/15
公開日: 2010/02/26
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (1000K) -
XIAO-LEI WU, HAI-NAN KONG, MOTOYUKI MIZUOCHI, YUHEI INAMORI, HUANG XIA ...1995 年 31 巻 3 号 p. 151-160
発行日: 1995/12/15
公開日: 2010/02/26
ジャーナル フリーN2O has been caused more and more attention because of its green-house effect. Microbial activity in biosphere is regarded as an important N2O source. Therefore, to make clear and modify the activity of microorganisms is of fundamental importance to control N2O emission from microorganisms, especially, in Wasetwater treatment situations. In the paper, based on investigation, heterotrophic, nitrate respiring and nitrate reducing microorganisms were emphasized as those being able to produce N2O, besides traditional nitrifiers and denitrifiers. There are different pathways of N2O emission for different organisms under different conditions. The possible mechanisms of N2O yielding were detailed in the paper accompanying with the description of various factors affecting N2O emission. Then, current situation of research on control of N2O emission from wastewater treatment was described and analyzed for making clear the trend of research on N2O emission control in waste water treatment field.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1204K) -
竹田 茂1995 年 31 巻 3 号 p. 161-167
発行日: 1995/12/15
公開日: 2010/02/26
ジャーナル フリーSome simple testing methods for identification of bacteria in activated sludge by using 511 bacterial isolates were evaluated, and the following results were obtained.
(1) Compared with the Gram staining method, the caustic potash method (Ryu's method) was equally reliable, easier and less troublesome.
(2) Three kinds of motility test methods were compared; (i) cultivation with semi-solid medium, (ii) microscopic examination and (iii) staining of bacterial flagella. The agreement of the test results between (i) and (ii), and between (ii) and (iii) were 89.8% and 69.6%, respectively. The microscopic examination method was the easiest and most reliable.
(3) Three kinds of cytochrome oxidase reagents from different suppliers were tested and compared: one was the dropper-type reagent which seals Kovac's reagent in an ampule and is used by dropping it on a filter paper streaked with bacteria. The other two were filter paper-type reagents which contain Kovac's reagent in a filter paper and are used by rubbing bacteria with a platinum loop. The agreement of the results by three test reagents was 85.4%.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (740K) -
金子 光美, 南部 敏博, 矢野 一好1995 年 31 巻 3 号 p. 169-174
発行日: 1995/12/15
公開日: 2010/02/26
ジャーナル フリーSubmerged filter process that is usually applied to wastewater treatment was tried to remove viruses in raw water for drinking water. E.coli phage Qβ and poliovirus 1 (LSc, 2ab) were treated by the reactor. Batch test using the reactor fully attached by microorganisms showed the reduction of 80-95% of added phage within 5 hours of the retention time.When the phages were added continuously into the reactor, high reduction level which was attained soon after introduction of phages into the reactor could be kept throughout a test.It is suggested from this study that the submerged filter can be used for pretreatment process to remove viruses of drinking water treatment.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (477K) -
吉澤 一家, 中村 文雄1995 年 31 巻 3 号 p. 175-184
発行日: 1995/12/15
公開日: 2010/02/26
ジャーナル フリーThe water quality and eutrophic state of 3 reservoirs and 5 lakes in Yamanashi Prefecture were investigated. There are 8 artificial reservoirs and 6 natural lakes, i.e. Lake Kawaguchi, Yamanaka, Shoji, Motosu, Sai, Shibire in Yamanashi Prefecture. In order to make it clear whether water pollution problems exist in each lake, the accumulated data of 8 water areas were analyzed in contrast to that of Lake Sagami, which gathers water from Yamanashi and where amusty odor had been detected. According to the modified Carlson's Trophic State Index (TSI) calculated from the transparency and the total concentration of phosphorus of samples, Daimonreservoir and Lake Shoji are the most eutrophicated. In Daimon reservoir especially, the total concentration of nitrogen was equal to that of Lake Sagami. Thus it is necessary to restrict the inflow of phosphorus to avoid water pollution. On the other hand, the total concentration of phosphorus in Lake Shoji was as much as that of Daimon reservoir. As a result, we must control the influx of nitrogen to keep the water quality good.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (913K) -
MASAHARU TADOKORO, TORU IYO, SHIGERU OHNO1995 年 31 巻 3 号 p. 185-191
発行日: 1995/12/15
公開日: 2010/02/26
ジャーナル フリーThe rapid activated sludge respiration inhibition (ASRI) test was developed as a short-term method of evaluating wastewater toxicity. In this test, the contact time was changed to 10 min, the concentration of activated sludge to 2, 500mg/l, and the temperature to 25±1°C, for the purpose of accelerating the test. IC50 of the rapid ASRI test was similar to that of the conventional test by DECD technique; the test showed sufficient sensitivity. These results were obtained within 20-30 minutes for each test solution. Therefore, the rapid ASRI test was effective as a screening test for checking contamination with toxic substances in the influent for use in normally functioning biological wastewater treatment tanks.
The usefulness of the Polytox test, which is a method of evaluating the toxicity of effluent recommended by the US EPA, was also investigated. Although the sensitivity of the Polytox test is slightly lower than that of the rapid ASRI test, the Polytox preparation includes dry microorganisms, making it a rapid, simple and excellent test. Therefore, it was considered feasible to use Polytox preparations as microorganisms instead of activated sludge.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (728K) -
処理効率に及ぼす負荷変動の影響清水 達雄, 工藤 憲三, 濱口 利男, 中林 昭1995 年 31 巻 3 号 p. 193-201
発行日: 1995/12/15
公開日: 2010/02/26
ジャーナル フリーAn anaerobic fluidized pellet bed bioreactor (AFPB bioreactor) system followed with a biological contact aerator was used for simultaneous removal of suspended solid (SS), CODCr, phosphorus and nitrogen in the sewage wastewater. This wastewater treatment system was without the primary clarifier and therefore, suffered directly the variation of loading rate of various pollutants such as organic, nitrogenous and phosphorus substances. The objective of this study was to clarify the effect of variation of loading rate on the removal efficiency of various substances.
The daily variation of inflow rate of sewage wastewater, which is normally observed in the sewage works, was applied to the system. With longer than 4hrs of total hydraulic retentiontime for the system, the AFPB bioreactor effectively removed SS and phosphorus substances as the flocculated sludge. Consequently, the concentration of total CODCr, , SS and total phosphorus in the final effluent were as low as 16.5mg⋅l-1, 5mg⋅l-1 and 0.1mg⋅l-1, respectively.
The loading rate of NH4+ -N varied between 0.05 and 0.2kg-N⋅m-3⋅day-1. However, the almost complete nitrification and denitrification was achieved and the nitrogen removal efficiency could be maintained over 75%. This experimental finding was supported by the kinetic analysis.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (838K) -
MICHIHIKO IKE, CHANG-SUK JIN, MASANORI FUJITA1995 年 31 巻 3 号 p. 203-212
発行日: 1995/12/15
公開日: 2010/02/26
ジャーナル フリーFrom the activated sludge treating the wastewater of an epoxy resin manufacturing plant, abisphenol A (BPA) -degrading bacterial strain FJ-4 which can grow on BPA as the sole carbon and energy source was isolated. It was an aerobic, gram-negative and rod-shaped baterium, and identified as Pseudomonas paucimobilis. Strain FJ-4 could efficiently degrade BPA up to 1.0 mM. However, approximately 15%of total organic carbon (TOC) remained in the medium even when BPA was completely removed, suggesting the accumulation of a refractory metabolic intermediate (s) . At the saturated concentration of BPA (ca.1.5 mM), the growth of and BPA degradation by strain FJ-4 were not observed. The specific BPA-degrading activity of BPA-grown cells was about three times higher than that of glucose-grown cells, indicating that the BPA-degrading enzyme (s) in FJ-4 is inducible. The optimal temperature and pH for BPA degradation were 30°C and 7.0, respectively. Specific BPA-degrading activity of FJ-4 was roughly described by the Michaelis-Menten kinetics although a slight decrease in the activity was observed at BPA concentration more than 0.5 mM. Strain FJ-4 could utilize a limited range of aromatic compounds, and catabolic pathways for only benzoic acid and p-hydroxybenzoic acid (or p-hydroxyacetophenone) were found. Strain FJ-4 also showed a strict catabolic range for other bisphenols and bisphenol-like compounds.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (871K)
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