巻号一覧
30 巻 (1994)
- 2 号 p. 65-
- 1 号 p. 1-
30 巻, 1 号
選択された号の論文の9件中1～9を表示しています
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中島 進, 青山 勲, 八木 正一1994 年 30 巻 1 号 p. 1-8
発行日: 1994/06/15
公開日: 2010/02/26
ジャーナル フリーIn order to clarify the mechanism of growth of musty-odor producing cyanobacteria, the effects of iron (III) citrate and iron (III) phosphate as the iron source on the growth of musty-odor producing cyanobacteria Oscillatoria tenuis, Anabaena macrospora, Phormidium tenuis and Oscillatoria brevis were studied using laboratory cultures.
The growth of O. tenuis was remarkably suppressed at even high levels of iron (28μ M as Fe) when not-autoclaved iron (III) citrate was used as the iron source. A. macrospora and P.tenue grew better by using not-autoclaved iron citrate as the iron source compared with the use of autoclaved iron citrate. On the other hand, O. brevis was capable of growing even at low levels of iron (2μM as Fe) using autoslaved iron citrate as the iron source. In addition, the growth of cyanobacteria was assessed using iron (III) phosphate as the iron source. When iron phosphate was used as the iron source, none of cyanobacteria except O. brevis were able to grow. Thus, the order of the ability of Fe absorption among musty-odor producing cyanobacteria used in this study was suggested as follows: O. brevis>>P. tenue≥A.macrospora>O. tenuis. The present results and previous studies (Water Sci. Technol., 25: 207-216, 1992) indicate that O. brevis has the ability to utilize a wide variety of iron forms such as Fe (III) -EDTA, FeII (BPDS) 3, Fe (III) -Desferrioxamine B (microbial siderophore) chelates, colloidal iron, iron oxides, and furthermore autoclaved iron citrate and iron phosphate. On the other hand, O. tenuis seemsto have specific requirements for the iron form it can utilize for growth.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (874K) -
馬場 義輝, 徳永 隆司, 大津 隆一, 高田 智1994 年 30 巻 1 号 p. 9-14
発行日: 1994/06/15
公開日: 2010/02/26
ジャーナル フリーFifteen strains of floc-forming bacteria were isolated from river water. Strain No.4 was the best floc former and the ratio of flocculated cells to total cells was about 90%. According to scanning electon microscopy, cells in the floc were bridged and embedded in a mesh. The floc of this bacterium was partially deflocculated with actinase. In growth and floc-formation, the removal of COD and BOD in the supernatant were about 61% and 64%, respectively. Total phosphorus concentration in the supernatantdecreased to 66.5% of initial total phosphorus concentration in floc-forming phase and then gradually increased in flocculated phase.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2860K) -
大久保 卓也, 細見 正明, 岡田 光正, 村上 昭彦1994 年 30 巻 1 号 p. 15-21
発行日: 1994/06/15
公開日: 2010/02/26
ジャーナル フリーChanges in water quality with degradation of gray water under anaerobic and aerobic condition were investigated by batch incubation at 20°C. Degradation rate of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in gray water under anaerobic condition was smaller than that under aerobic condition even with inoculation of anaerobic bacteria. Concentration of dissolved nitrogen (D-N), ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N), nitrate+nitrite (NOx-N) and dissolved phosphorus (D-P) in gray water with inoculation under aerobic condition decreased clearly in six hours from the start of incubation. Concentration of DOC, D-N, NH4-N and D-P in gray water without filtration and inoculation under aerobic condition decreased gradually in a day from the start of incubation. Decrease rates of DOC and total organic carbon (TOC) were expressed by first order equcation. Decrease rate of D-N was expressed by Monod equcation. Decrease rate of NOx-N was influenced by its own concentration and DO concentration. The decrease rate of NOx-N was suppressed under high DO concentration. Relationship between decrease rate of D-P and concentration of D-P was not clear.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (816K) -
Results of Pilot Plant StudyYOSHIYASU OKANIWA, KATSUNORI MOTOMURA, SHIGERU OHNO1994 年 30 巻 1 号 p. 23-32
発行日: 1994/06/15
公開日: 2010/02/26
ジャーナル フリーMembrane separation technology has been applied for the solid-liquid separation of activated sludge in high-rate denitrification processes employed for the treatment of night soil. It renders the system capable of maintaining high concentration of microorganisms in activated sludge process. A parameter of great importance in the membrane separation is to maintain the designed flux for discharging the expected daily volume of effluent. Performance of a tubular type polyolefin membrane was evaluated in this study. The test results based on the flux date in the bench scale and pilot plant tests reveal that low-pressure operation was more favourable than the high-pressure operation for separating activated sludge. After extended periods of operation, the membrane was coated with scale composed of calcium carbonate, phosphate and similar materials. Types of coagulants used for coagulating the sludge had an important effect on the flux. Alkaline sodium hypochlorite solution and citric acid were remarkably effective as cleaning chemicals.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (944K) -
Permeability of Commercial EquipmentYOSHIYASU OKANIWA, MICHIAKI HIRAYAMA, SHIGERU OHNO1994 年 30 巻 1 号 p. 33-38
発行日: 1994/06/15
公開日: 2010/02/26
ジャーナル フリーPermeability characteristics of the membrane in a commercial plant constructed on the basis of results of a pilot plant were investigated. The results concerning flux data for a three months period at a stage one and a half years after the start-up of the treatment plant using tubular polyolefin membrane are demonstrated. There was no significant difference in the rate of solute removal between activated sludge- and coagulated sludge-separating membranes during the one and a half years operation. Sodium hypochlorite and citric acidcleanings were both effective for activated sludge- and coagulated sludge-separating membranes. The frequency was once to twice a month for the activated sludge-separating membrane and approximately once a month for the coagulated sludge-separating membrane. In case of activated sludge-separating membrane, the flux just after cleaning was 35-47l/m2/hr/atm which decreased to 30l/m2/hr/atm 2-3weeks after cleaning whereafter it maintained this value. In case of coagulated sludge-separating membrane, designed flux was maintained although the after-cleaning flux fluctuated considerably.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (587K) -
小橋 二夫, 東 禎三, 矢崎 仁也, 矢木 修身1994 年 30 巻 1 号 p. 39-44
発行日: 1994/06/15
公開日: 2010/02/26
ジャーナル フリーGrowth characteristics of Scenedesmus quadricauda were studied under various nutrient concentrations. Cultivation were carried at 27°C in a 14h light/10h dark cycle with coolwhite fluorescent lamps of 3, 000lux. The progresive removals of nitrogen and phosphorus in the medium were determined.
In the nitrate culture media, nitrite was found during the algal growth. S. quadricauda preferred to utilize ammonium ion rather than nitrate ion. The pH of medium rapidly decreased with the growth on an ammonium containing media and the growth of S. quadricauda was inhibited at low pH.S.quadricauda required 6.8μg-at/l (0.095mg/l) of nitrogen, and 0.66μg-at/l (0.020mg/l) of phosphorus for 1mg/l of algal growth.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (617K) -
藤本 尚志, 杉浦 則夫, 西村 修, 稲森 悠平, 須藤 隆一1994 年 30 巻 1 号 p. 45-48
発行日: 1994/06/15
公開日: 2010/02/26
ジャーナル フリーGrowth characteristics of two blue-green algae Microcystis aeruginosa and Anabaena spiroides were tested using semi-continuous cultivation at various temperature. M. aeruginosa maintained its cell number under temperature rise, while A.spiroides decreased tremendously. It was assumed that the decrease of A.spiroides was due to its low acclimation ability to temperature rise and decrease in phosphorus uptake. Consequently, increase in water temperature was considered to be one of the factors ofspecies shift from Anabaena to Microcystis in early summer.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (450K) -
金 周永, 杉浦 則夫, 伏見 聡, 稲森 悠平, 西村 修, 須藤 隆一1994 年 30 巻 1 号 p. 49-56
発行日: 1994/06/15
公開日: 2010/02/26
ジャーナル フリーTo examine the removal chracteristics of substrate by biological activated carbon (BAC), adhesional potential of various bacteria to three species of activated carbon (AC) and porous ceramics (PC) as a carier and removal efficiency of pepton broth by BAC were studied in batch culture experiment. Physical adsorption capacity of the carriers was as follow: F-400 AC > Palm AC > Kureha AC > PC.Adsorption capacity was depended on the specific surface area. In no relevance to the species of carriers, the adhesional potential of bacteria to the carriers with and without substrate was ordered by E.coli > P.ovalis > A.calcoaceticus > M.luteus > B.subtilis.The adhesional amount of bacteria on PC was higher than any other carriers. In the effect of dissolved organic carbon removal by BAC, F-400 AC with P.ovalis, which had the widest surface area, was the most effective in the four species of carriers. It was found that two factors, the specific surface area of AC and the species of bacteria was important for the efficiency of BAC.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (907K) -
ZAFAR IQBAL BHATTI, KENJI FURUKAWA, MASANORI FUJITA1994 年 30 巻 1 号 p. 57-63
発行日: 1994/06/15
公開日: 2010/02/26
ジャーナル フリーPhysical, chemical and biological changes in the upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) granules were investigated after the substrate was changed from brewery to methanolic waste. The granular sludge required 5-6 weeks for acclimatization (start-up) and this period accounted for the changes that the granules exhibited. Sharp decrease in settling velocity was accompanied by decrease in ash content and a reciprocal increase in the volatile solids content. The mineral content and the extracellular polymer fraction of the granular sludge reduced to 67%and 74%of the initial value respectively. Hydrogenotrophic and acetoclastic methanogenic groups seemed to be the two predominant methane forming groups in the granular sludge before and after the substrate shift. The results of this study demonstrate that change in substrate bring about physical, chemical and biological changes in the granular methanogenic sludge but may not impede its biological conversion capabilities provided that favorable environmental conditions are maintained.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (5377K)
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