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Volume 34, Issue 8
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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I. EFFECT OF ACETYLSPIRAMYCIN AND SPIRAMYCIN ON THE INTRACARDIAC TOXOPLASMA MULTIPLICATION IN MICE INFECTED WITH TOXOPLASMA GONDIIF.M. ESPINAS, YOSHIHIRO ODAKURA, NAOYOSHI SUZUKI, HIROSHI SASAKI1981 Volume 34 Issue 8 Pages 1141-1147
Published: August 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA total of 329 human serum samples were collected from the clinics of internal medicine of Obihiro city and its suburbs and were screened for Toxoplasma antibody level using the latex agglutination microtiter method (LA). Ninety-one (27.7%) were positive, 4 (1.2%) were equivocal and 234 (71.1%) were negative. Positive reactants were highest in the age group of 55-74 years old. A relatively high percentage on positive reactants was observed in patients with accompanying cardiac and cerebral disorders, i. e., 33.3% and 35.6%, respectively.
ICR-JCL mice were infected with 102 tachyzoites of the S-273 strain of T. gondii intraperitoneally. Chronic cases were obtained from those mice which survived the first infection without any further challenge 1 month later. Therapy was carried out by administering acetylspiramycin or spiramycin per os at a dose of 8mg/0.5ml per mouse per day for 30 days. After the end of therapy, brain and heart emulsions were made, and passaged to clean mice and observed for 30 days. Antibody titers were also monitored during the course of treatment using the LA microtiter method. In the acute cases, antibody titers were observed to gradually increase from the end of treatment up to the 10 weeks. Antibody titers of the chronic cases were maintained at high levels before the start of treatment and up to itstermination.
Most of the mice subinoculated with brain emulsions obtained from the acute cases, both in the control and treatment groups, died. However, all of the mice subinoculated with heart emulsions from both treatment groups, survived. In the chronic cases, all mice subinoculated with brain emulsions from all groups died. A few survived the heart passages from both treatment groups, however, they showed very high reactions to the LA microtiter method.View full abstractDownload PDF (985K) -
TATSUMI UCHIDA, SHIN MATSUDA, TETSUGORO TANAKA, SHUICHI MUROI, HIDEO K ...1981 Volume 34 Issue 8 Pages 1148-1157
Published: August 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSClinical evaluation of cefotiam (panspolin®), a new cephem antibiotics, was performed in the infectious disease associated with hematological disorders and in the respiratory system.In hematological dis orders, 40% of good and 25% of fair results were obtained in clinical effects.In respiratory infections, however, 92% of good results were obtained.Opportunistic infection due to Gram-negative bacilli are often experienced in patinets with leukemia.Since cefotiam has sufficient bacteriocidal effects in broad spectrum, it would be a good therapeutic agent against infectious diseases associated with hematological disorders.View full abstractDownload PDF (3254K) -
TAKASHI NAKAMURA, IKUO HASHIMOTO, YASUO SAWADA, JIROH MIKAMI, EIICHI B ...1981 Volume 34 Issue 8 Pages 1158-1172
Published: August 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn antibiotic drug of aminoglycoside group, tobramycin (TOB) for parenteral use was used to 18 hospitalized patients: 5 with cholecystitis, 10 with acute appendicitis and 3 others. TOB in a dose of 60-90mg were administered before the operation, 9 cases were administered by intravenous drip infusion for 1-2 hours, 7 cases by intramusculary and 2 cases by intravenously. The materials of A-bile, B-bile, wall of the gallbladder, the appendix, ascites and serum samples were taken during the operation. TOB concentration was measured by bioassay method with Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 strain. TOB concentration in B-bile and gallbladder wall were higher than those in the A-bile. TOB concentration in gallbladder wall and appendix were directly proportional to the degree of pathological changes of the inflammation.
For the therapeutic purpose, TOB were given to the 15 patients of the above 18 cases. TOB in a dose of 60-90mg were administered by intravenous drip infusion for 1-2 hours, twice or 3 times a day for 3-18 days. Clinical response was excellent in 2 cases, good in 11 cases, fair in 1 case and poor in 1 case. No adverse effect was observed.
Therefore, it was supposed that TOB could be used safety by intravenous drip infusion.View full abstractDownload PDF (2302K) -
SUSUMU NAKAZAWA, HAJIME SATO, YUICHI HIRAMA, KENJI NIINO, AKIRA NARITA ...1981 Volume 34 Issue 8 Pages 1173-1177
Published: August 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFundamental and a few clinical studies in the pediatric field on tobramycin (TOB) were carried out with intravenous drip infusion (30 or 60minutes) method, and following results were obtained.
1) TOB was administered a one time 1.5mg/kg, 2.0mg/kg twice a day.
In 6 children, the mean peak serum concentrations were maximum at end of intravenous drip infusion.(30, 60 minutes), thats were 2.9mcg/ml, 4.3±1.34mcg/ml, and half-lives were84, 74minutes, respectively.
2) Above the peak serum concentrations, which were obtained with intravenous drip infusion method, were almostly simillared to that, already reported with intramuscular method.
3) Clinically efficacy rate of TOB in 5 cases (2 bronchopneumonia, 1 acute bronchitis, 2 acute cystitis) was 100%.
4) No remarkable side effect was noticed during this administration.View full abstractDownload PDF (662K) -
YOSHIRO MORIKAWA1981 Volume 34 Issue 8 Pages 1178-1184
Published: August 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAmpicillin demonstrates a potent bactericidal activity against the common pathogens: Haemophilus influenzae (except for those strains that produce beta-lactamase), Neisseria meningitidis, group A and B Streptococcus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Listeria, Enterococcus, Proteus mirabilis and Escherichia coli, and has received a wide acceptance as a single antibiotic regimen in the treatment of bacterial meningitis caused by the above organism. Although concentrations of an antibiotic in serum are commonly correlated with the degree of therapeutic effectiveness in systemic infections, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations should serve as a therapeutic guide in the case of bacterial meningitis, However, bacterial meningitis is one of the diseases in which therapeutic concentrations of antibiotics are difficult to attain at the site of infections because of the action of blood-CSF barrier. In the treatment of bacterial meningitis, although intravenous administrations of antibiotics are known to be superior to their intramuscular in jections, little published data discussing the duration of intravenous infusion of drugs are available.As ampicillin is the main drug for the treatment of bacterial meningitis, it is chosen as a subject in this study.
The present study was designed to determine the pharmacokinetic differences in CSF between 60 minutes continuous and bolus intravenous administrations of ampicillin by analysing the pharmacokinetic indices such as half-lives (T1/2), maximum concentrations (Cmax), the time when Cmax was obtained (Tmax), and the area-under-the-serum or CSF concentration-time curve (AUC), using a serial sampling method from an individual rabbit with staphylococcal meningitis.View full abstractDownload PDF (923K) -
ISAMU NAKAO, SETSUO HASEGAWA, MIYO YASUMIZU1981 Volume 34 Issue 8 Pages 1185-1190
Published: August 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS -
TARO FURUSAWA, YASUHIRO ITAKURA, HIROAKI MIYASHITA, MASAHIRO NAKAO1981 Volume 34 Issue 8 Pages 1191-1195
Published: August 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSClinical studies of the new type pivmecillinam tablet (contains 100mg) was performed on 24 patients with female acute simple urinary tract infections, receiving 300mg 3 times daily for 7 days orally. Causative organisms in the cystitis cases were isolated singly as E. coli in 18 cases, Staph. aureus in 1 case and Staph. epidermidis in 1 case.
From only 1 case with cystitis, E. coli and Staph. epidermidis were isolated mixedly. Clinical efficacy of the new type pivmecillinam tablet was evaluated as excellent in all21cases with female acute simple cystitis and 3 cases with female acute pyelonephritis.
Side effect was not observed in the all cases.View full abstractDownload PDF (686K) -
KIYOKI OKADA, TADAO YAMAMOTO, HEISIN GON, TAKASHI KISHIMOTO1981 Volume 34 Issue 8 Pages 1196-1201
Published: August 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUltrastructural alterations of rat ventral prostate were studied following the administration of peplomycin sulfate (NK631) to evaluate the efficacy of this drug to the human prostatic carcinoma. The rats as experimental animals were divided into 3 groups: control, castrated and NK631 administration ones with 5mg per kg per day. Rat body weight and ventral prostatic weight were measured at 4, 7 and 14 days after the treatment.Simultaneously prostatic tissue samples were obtained for electron microscopic study. The ventral prostatic weight and body weight ratio (VBW) was utilized in respect to the prostatic weight to compare the experimental groups with control ones. The VBW was significantly decreased at 14 days after castration. NK631 administration showed only minor decrease at 14 days duration. However, statistics for control and NK631 were different.
Ultrastructurally, normal rat ventral prostate demonstrated to contain abundant rough endoplasmic reticulum and well developed GOLGI apparatus and round nucleus. After castration, ventral prostatic cells lost their normal cytoplasmic configuration with the atrophy of rough endoplasmic reticulum and GOLGI apparatus, while secondary lysosomes were occasionally found in the cytoplasm. During the course of NK631 administration, the changes were detected in the cytoplasm with marked vacuolization and degeneration of rough endoplasmic reticulum as well as disappearance of cytoplasmic matrix. Nucleus was also affected with the marked indentation of nuclear membrane and disappearance of nucleoplasm.
From the present preliminary investigation, NK631 could induce the cytostatic changes to rat ventral prostate. Therefore, NK631 would be suggested to contribute to the treatment of prostatic carcinoma. It is hoped that as more experimental studies are processed, a deeper understanding of the effect of NK631 would be clarified.View full abstractDownload PDF (6058K) -
1981 Volume 34 Issue 8 Pages 1202-1204
Published: August 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (481K)
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