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Volume 60 (2007)
- Issue 6 Pages 321-
- Issue 5 Pages 251-
- Issue 4 Pages 189-
- Issue 3 Pages 141-
- Issue 2 Pages 59-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Predecessor
Volume 60, Issue 3
Displaying 1-5 of 5 articles from this issue
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TOMOAKI TANAKA, JUNICHI MITSUYAMA, KAZUKIYO YAMAOKA, YUKO ASANO, HARUK ...2007 Volume 60 Issue 3 Pages 141-152
Published: June 25, 2007
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe investigated the susceptibility to 6 fluoroquinolones against 433 strains of Gram-negative bacteria isolated from 6 medical facilities in Gifu prefecture between January and September in 2005, determined by the agar dilution methods in according with the Japan Society of Chemotherapy. We also investigated the correlation between the degree of resistance to fluoroquinolones and the amino acid substitutions in the quinolone resistancedetermining region (QRDR).
The tested clinical isolates were as follows, Salmonella spp.; 17 strains,
Escherichia coli; 112 strains, Citrobacter freundii; 35 strains, Enterobacter cloacae; 31 strains, Klebsiella pneumoniae; 73 strains, Proteus spp.; 18 strains, Providencia spp.; 3 strains, Morganella morganii; 14 strains, Serratia marcescens; 27 strains and Pseudomonas aeruginosa; 103 strains.
The number of the strains resistant to ciprofloxacin (CPFX)(MIC≥6.25μg/mL) was twenty (E. coli; 14 strains, E. cloacae; 1 strain, Proteus spp.; 2 strains and P aeruginosa; 3 strains). Among these strains, 12 strains (E. coli; 11 strains and E. cloacae; 1 strain) were highly resistant to CPFX (MIC≥25μg/mL).
The E. coli strains highly resistant to CPFX had the multiple amino acid mutations in QRDR of ParC and GyrA. However in other strains, there was no strains possessing multiple mutations in both ParC and GyrA.View full abstractDownload PDF (1232K) -
REEVALUATION OF BETA-LACTAM EFFICIENCY ON MRSEAYAKO NAKAMURA, TOYOKO OGURI, SHIGEKI MISAWA, YOKO TABE, SIGEMI KONDO, ...2007 Volume 60 Issue 3 Pages 153-160
Published: June 25, 2007
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe evaluated the efficacy of cefotiam(CTM)against Staphylococcus epidermidis(S. epidermidis) isolated from blood culture and central venous catheters. Of theS. epidermidisstrains tested, 82.3% were methicillin(MPIPC)-resistant (MPIPC MIC≥0.5μ/ml) and expressed the mecA gene, and 89.2% of these MPIPC-resistant S. epdermidis(MRSE)showed less than 8.0μg/ml CTM MIC. In vitro killing kinetics of CTM against MRSE demonstrated that strains with high CTM MIC (≥4.0μg/ml) showed high MPIPC MIC (≥4.0μg/ml). All strains with low CTM MIC(≥2.0μg/ml)showed MPIPC MIC lower than 2.0μg/ml. In time-kill studies, CTM had high bactericidal activity against strains with low CTM MIC(≥2.0μg/ml), regardless of whether they were mecA positive. These results demonstrated that MRSE isolates with low CTM MIC (≥2.0μs/ml)are not easily induced CTM resistance by CTM treatment in vitro, and indicated the possibility that beta-lactams such as CTM could be an effective antibiotic agents against beta-lactamsensitive MRSE infections.View full abstractDownload PDF (3687K) -
SHIGERU ITABASHI2007 Volume 60 Issue 3 Pages 161-170
Published: June 25, 2007
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo examine the clinical efficacy of antibacterial chemotherapy for life-threatening pneumonia, we investigated the clinicaloutcome after a prolonged infusion regimen of meropenem based on a pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) theory. In 42 patients with severe pneumonia, the clinical efficacy of a prolonged (4h) drip infusion regimen of meropenem (4h-group; 0.5g, b.i.d.; 18 patients) was compared with that of a standard (0.5-1hour) infusion regimen of meropenem (1h-group; 0.5g, b.i.d.; 24 patients). Although there was no significant difference in the duration of meropenem-administration and the rate of decrease in CRP between the 4h-group and 1h-group, the mortality rate in the 4h-group (5.6%) was significantly lower (p<0.05) than that in the 1h-group (37.5%).
In this study, the meropenem-concentration in the blood of each patient and the MIC of meropenem against the causative bacteria in each patient were not determined; however, it was thought that the superior life-saving effect of meropenem in the 4h-group was mainly due to prolongation of the time above MIC realized by the prolonged infusion regimen. These results suggested that prolongation of infusion time of meropenem was useful for improvement of the clinical efficacy against life-threatening pneumonia.View full abstractDownload PDF (1314K) -
NAGAO SHINAGAWA, JIRO YURA, HIROMITSU TAKEYAMA, MASAAKI TANIGUCHI2007 Volume 60 Issue 3 Pages 171-180
Published: June 25, 2007
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the present study, the isolation rate of Clostridium spp. from surgical specimens and its antimicrobial susceptibilities were examined. Last 24 years, Clostridium spp. was isolated from 65 (1.8%) out of 3,644 specimens from the surgical abdominal infections. Clostridium spp. was most frequently isolated from secondary peritonitis such as perforated peritonitis, followed by hepato-biliary tract infection. There were 59 cases (90.8%) of mixed infection with Clostridium spp. and other bacteria. The rate of mixed infection with Bacteroides spp.(23.6%) was highest, followed by Escherichia coli (19.7%), other aerobic Gram-negative rods and Enterococcus spp. Although Clostridium perfringens was highly sensitive to penicillins, cephems and carbapenems, a small number of Clostridium spp. other than Clostridium perfringens were resistant to cephems, erythromycin clindamycin and fosfomycin, respectively.View full abstractDownload PDF (5404K) -
2007 Volume 60 Issue 3 Pages 181-187
Published: June 25, 2007
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (5559K)
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