Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), recently isolated from the small intestine of hogs, possesses multiple biological effects, including peripheral vasodilation, systemic hypotension, increased cardiac output, enhancement of respiration, and relaxation of several smooth muscle organs.
The present investigation was conducted to explore the effect of VIP on cyclic nucleotide contents of guinea-pig lung and tracheal tissues. Male guinea-pigs, weighing 250-300g, were killed. Guinea-pig trachea (GPT) was: removed and suspended in a bioassay glass jackets and superfused with Krebs-Hensleit solution at 37°C saturatec with oxygen and carbon dioxide (95: 5, v/v). Relaxation of GPT was detected by an isotonic transducer anc displayed on a polyrecorder. The cyclic nucleotides contents of GPT and lung tissues were determined by radioimmunoassay method.
1) Bronchodilating effects of VIP were remarkably increased with continuous infusion of prednisolone and phenoxybenzamine.
2) Concentration of cyclic AMP in the lung and tracheal tissues reached a maximum in about 2 min. by incubating with VIP.
3) Concentration of cyclic AMP in the lung and tracheal tissues showed a remarkable increase by increasing the incubating dose of VIP. On the other hand concentration of cyclic GMP in the tracheal tissues showed some increase and in the lung tissues some decrease by increasing the incubating dose of VIP.
4) Concentration of cyclic AMP in the lung and tracheal tissues showed the increase by incubating with prednisolone and VIP but not with phenoxybenzamine.
5) Concentration of cyclic AMP in the lung and tracheal tissues showed the remarkable increase by incubating with VIP in the presence of prednisolone and phenoxybenzamine.

抄録全体を表示

The experimental studies were made on 20 mongrel adult dogs which were anesthetized with pentobarbital under air respiration. They were divided into two groups of MV with PEEP and CPAP, which were loaded by PEEP 0, +5, +10, +15cm H₂O. The following were measured: ventilation, dead space effect, shunting effect, circulation, and arterial blood gas. The results of studies were as follows.
1) On the group of MV with PEEP on the normal anesthetized dogs, PaO₂ was unchanged, QS/QT decreased, cardiac index markedly decreased, and pulmonary vascular resistance markedly increased. These results mean that MV with PEEP exert unfavorable effects on the circulatory system.
2) On the group of CPAP on the normal anesthetized dogs, PaO₂ was unchanged, QS/QT decreased, PaCO₂, and VD/VT was unchanged. These results mean that CPAP do not exert remarkable effects on the intrapulmonary gas exchange.
3) On the group of MV with PEEP and CPAP on the normal anesthetized dogs, PEEP over +15cm H₂O especially exert unfavorable effects on the circulatory system.

抄録全体を表示

The experimental studies were made on 20 mongrel adult dogs which were anesthetized with pentobarbital under air respiration. They had pulmonary edema with oleic acid experimentally. They were divided into two groups of MV with PEEP and CPAP, which were loaded by PEEP +10, +15cm H₂O. The following were measured: ventilation, dead space effect, shunting effect, circulation, and arterial blood gas. The results of studies were as follows.
1) on the group of MV with PEEP on the experimental pulmonary edema dogs, PaO₂ increased, Qs/QT markedly decreased, cardiac index was unchanged, pulmonary vascular resistance markedly increased, pulmonary arterial pressure was unchanged, and central venous pressure markedly increased. These results mean that MV with PEEP exert favorable effects on the respiratory system.
2) On the group of CPAP on the experimental pulmonary edema dogs, PaO₂ increased, Qs/QT markedly decreased, PaCO₂ was unchanged, VD/VT decreased, tidal volume increased, and respiratory frequency decreased. These results mean that CPAP exert favorable effbets on the intrapulmonary gas exchange.
3) On the group of MV with PEEP and CPAP on the experimental pulmonary edema dogs, PEEP +10cm H₂O exert most favorable effects on hypoxemia.

抄録全体を表示

The diagnosis of myocardial sarcoidosis frequently is not made in life, but according to recent reports it is the most frequent cause of death in sarcoidosis cases in Japan.
The frequency, features and courses of electrocardiographic changes in 104 sarcoidosis patients were analysed. As control studies, for each sex and age range double the number of normal persons was examined of the sarcoidosis patients.
The results were as follows:
1) Abnormal ECG findings were observed in 37.5% of sarcoidosis patients, as compared to 11.5% of healthy persons (p>0.001), and the difference was more significant in age groups under 40.
2) ECG findings significantly frequent in sarcoidosis were sinus arrhythmia, VPB, RBBB, and LAD. SVPB and A-V block were also frequent in sarcoidosis patients and often appeared during the course of sarcoidosis.
3) The courses of ECG findings correlated with the courses of chest X-ray findings in sarcoidosis patients.

抄録全体を表示

Cyclic GMP levels in lungs and tracheobronchi of rabbits and guinea pigs were measured by radioimmunoassay method. Cyclic GMP levels in the respiratory system and in various components of trachea were examined using rabbits weighing 2.8-3.4kg. And then the effects of histamine, acetylcholine and other agents on cyclic GMP levels of trachea were examined using guinea pigs weighing 0.35-0.50kg. The following results were obtained.
1) No consistent difference in cyclic GMP levels was evident in the mucous tissue of the trachea and the main bronchus. Cyclic GMP level in the segmental bronchus was as high as 133 ± 18% of that in the trachea (p<0.05) and that in the lung was 178±29% of that in the trachea.
2) Based on the measurement of cyclic GMP levels in different components, it was suggested that cyclic GMP in the trachea may be distributed mainly in tracheal muscle and partially in tracheal mucous membrane.
3) I. P. administration of histamine and acetylcholine increased the cyclic GMP level of the guinea pig trachea dose-dependently. Both maximal increases of cyclic GMP level were observed within 10 min and returned to the zero-time control level within 20 min. The effects of histamine and acetylcholine on cyclic GMP levels were prevented with either atropine or diphenhydramine.
4) Prednisolone, propranolol and metaproterenol showed no significant change in cyclic GMP levels in the guinea pig trachea.

抄録全体を表示

The present investigation was conducted to clarify the interaction of vasoactive substances on the rabbit pulmonary artery and aorta.
Male rabbits weighing 2.7-3.0 kg were killed, the pulmonary artery and the descending aorta were removed and suspended in a bioassay glass chamber superfused with Krebs-Hensleit solution at 37°C saturated with oxygen and carbon dioxide (95: 5, v/v). Tissue contraction was detected by an isotonic transducer (ME Commercial) and recorded using a polyrecorder.
1) The contractile responses of rabbit aortic strips by adrenaline (Adr.), noradrenaline (Noradr.), prostaglandin F_2α (PGF_2α), serotonin (Serot.) and angiotensin II (AII) were markedly increased with continuous infusion of low doses of Serot., histamine (Hist.), bradykinin (Brady.), Noradr., Adr. and PGF_2α.
2) The contractile responses of rabbit pulmonary arterial strips by Adr., PGF_2α and AII were markedly increased with continuous infusion of a low dose of Serot., those by AII and Serot. were markedly increased with continuous infusion of a low dose of Hist., as were those by Adr., PGF_2α, AII and Serot. with continuous infusion of a low dose of Noradr., and those by Adr., Noradr. and Serot. with continuous infusion of a low dose of PGF_2α, It was also seen that the contractile responses produced by Noradr. and PGF_2α and also by Noadr. were increased markedly by low doses of Brady, and Adr. respectively
3) These results suggest that the interaction of various vasoactive substances may play a very important role, regulating and maintaining both pulmonary arterial and systemic blood pressure.

抄録全体を表示

A congenital bronchogenic cyst classically shows a round or oval mass on the chest roentgenogram. Reports of bilobed or dumb-bell configuration are rare. We recently encountered a case of this interesting radiological appearance in a 29-year-old asymptomatic woman. A mass in the right lower lobe appeared on the chest roent-genogram taken on a routine check up. Tomograms indicated clearly a bilobed or dumb-bell configuration. There was also a strand-like density continuous with this mass. A pleural tumor was strongly suspected from this appearance, since a pulmonary sequestration was excluded by the absence of a systemic artery supplying the mass on the aortgram. A right lower lobectomy was performed and macroscopically this mass consisted of a cavity having three compartments. The final diagnosis was a congenital bronchogenic cyst.

抄録全体を表示

72才, 女性. 胸部X線像で特異な多発性で空洞を有する腫瘤影がみられた. 気管支擦過診にてクレブシエラ菌が証明された. 抗生物質の投与によつて胸部X線像の改善をみたが, 血管内凝固症候群を併発し第63病日死亡. 剖検による病理学的検索を行ないえた.

抄録全体を表示