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Article type: Cover
1964 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
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Published: April 25, 1964
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Article type: Cover
1964 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
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Published: April 25, 1964
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MINORU NAKAMURA, TETSUAKI HASHIMOTO, HIROMOTO GOTO
Article type: Article
1964 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
239-245
Published: April 25, 1964
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The authors have the workers wear two pocket chambers and one film badge to control the radiological works. In order to decrease the absorbed dose of the people meauring the amount of radial rays, they devised a survey meter of ionization chamber-type. The chamber and meter of it are connected with cords and can be separated each other. The joint rod of Alminum can be used to remote control the survey meter. By using the joint rod and the case of the meter, it is possible to set the camber at the proper hight above the follr to measure the amount of X-rays. The maximum sensitivity of the usual servey meter of ionization chamber-type was 20mr/h, but according to the revision of National Medical Treatment Law, the more sharp sensitivity is required. So, the capacity of the chamber was doubled and the sensitivity of meter was improved to 2OμA (100μA as usual) and the maximum sensitivity reached to 2mr/h at full scale. Owing to separating of the chamber, the effect of the direction was reduced.
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SHOZO IBA, NOBORU ARIMIZU
Article type: Article
1964 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
246-250
Published: April 25, 1964
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In recent years medical use of ionizing radiation has increased, bringing obout a proportional increase in the amount of gonadal exposure of the individuals and populations. When a great many peaples are exposed even with minimal dose of radiation which dose not produce any somatic effects, genetic injuries may increas in future. As to genetic injuries, the gonad dose of patients with child expectancy is of the most importance. On this basis the genetically significant dose (GSD) received from X-rays examination has been measured in Japan as well as several countries. Little contributions to the GSD is expected by external radiotherapy in malignant conditions where the child expectancy of the patients is usually very small. In the radiotherapy of non-malignant conditions, individual gonad dose is expected to be higher than that of in X-rays examination and the child expectancy of the patients recieving the treatment is often as well as that of X-rays examination. Another possible gonadal exposure may be considered for radio-therpy of infantile patients as the parents or relatives of the patients sometimes attend and take care of them not to move during the treatment. This report shows the amount of gonadal exposure in X-rays tratments with reference to 50 cases of patients of non-malignant condition, for instance, hemoangiomas, scrofulas and so on, and 17 cases of attendants of infantile patients. The gonad dose are less than 300mr in the most cases but more than 5O0mr in a few cases in one session of X-rays treatment. Furthermore, the fundamental experiments connected with the measurement of gonad dose are performed by using phantoms. A little reductions of gonadal exposure of the attendants are obtained by three methods as follows ; (1) to use a lead rubber apron, (2) to place a lead board 1 to 2 mm thick under the patient, and (3) to make the attendant stand by the patient on the saggital diredtion.
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KAZUYA KOBAYASHI, SHINJI FUJIOKA
Article type: Article
1964 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
251-255
Published: April 25, 1964
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In Japan the cerebralangiography was begun in 1923. Needles to say, it has made a great contribution to the diagnosis since then. As cephalic diseases and the cephalic traumas, especially ones caused by the traffic accident have increased in number, the cerebralangiography has been used more frequently. The method of the cerebralangiography itself has great effects on the diagnosis and the adopted method has to be reliable in order to get an sufficient angiographies at every examination. The apparatus used solely for the cerebralangiography is too dear to be used generally. Therefore, the authors devised a simple and practical apparatus which has following merits. 1) The apparatus is convenient for a doctor to thrust an injection syringe into the carotid artery. 2) A patient can hold a natural posture by using the appratus. 3) The operation of the apparatus is easy. 4) It is possible to get an effective angiograph. The apparatus has been used for there four years clinically and the good results have been obtained.
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Article type: Appendix
1964 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
255-
Published: April 25, 1964
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SEIITI MORITANI, FUMIO KAMIFUJI
Article type: Article
1964 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
256-264
Published: April 25, 1964
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The relations of the position of a focus, the distance between a focus and a film, and the gradient of an object to the image of the apex of a lung were studied. First of all, the standard size of chest was set by the authors and on the basis of it, the distance between a clavicle and the apex of a lung and the size of the back involved in that space were calculated and examined. In order to get an ideal image of the apex of a lung extending from the 4th rib to the 5th rib, the better gradient of an object at every chest thickness were deduced from the standard size of chest. Moreover, the above mentioned study was proved to be sufficient clinically ; on the basis of the culculated gradient of an object, the direct radiographes and indirect ones of every 100 patients were taken and the image of the apex of an lung were mostly ideal ones. The following conclusion were obtained from these studies. 1) If the position of the focus is lowered in order to get a wide field of the apex af an lung, it will not lead to practical results : on the contrary, the gradient of a object has more effects, especially in distant radiography. 2) In order to get an ideal image of the apex of an lung, the following conditions are needed. [numerical formula] The position of the focus……at the 6th thoracic vertebrae.
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YOSHIMUNE TANAKA
Article type: Article
1964 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
265-272
Published: April 25, 1964
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So that "Good X-ray Radiograph" might be obtained, we hane studied optimum exposure factors and have concluded the fallowing. 1) The optimum exposure factors can be represented by the relation of object-thickness range under examination covered to the gradient of fluoresence attenuation curves. 2) It is very important to consider the X-ray rediographic contrast that covers whole thickness range to be examined, although only in a small portion of object density difference has been considered. 3) As a result of experiments with condenser discharge type X-ray apparatus, it is comfirmed that patients can be routine radiographed with the use of an acrylite phantom determing exposure factors. 4) A diagram illustrating exposure factors with the use of the transmitted fluorescence amount per mAs or the X-ray dose per mAs, object thickness, and varing X-ray tube voltage as a parameter is useful, because the mAs value of the optimum exposure factor can easily be found utilizing simple caluclative, or experimental data. Even if the value of the exposure factor that is a condenser capacity, focus-filmdistance etc. varies. 5) On the condenser discharge type X-ray apparatus with a fixed condenser capacity, the mAs value is determined as a result of select an optimum kV value, so that it is difficult to determine optimum exposure factors for objects of various thickness.
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Article type: Appendix
1964 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
273-
Published: April 25, 1964
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Article type: Appendix
1964 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
274-
Published: April 25, 1964
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1964 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
275-
Published: April 25, 1964
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1964 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
275-
Published: April 25, 1964
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1964 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
275-
Published: April 25, 1964
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1964 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
275-
Published: April 25, 1964
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1964 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
275-
Published: April 25, 1964
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1964 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
275-
Published: April 25, 1964
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1964 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
275-276
Published: April 25, 1964
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1964 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
276-
Published: April 25, 1964
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1964 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
276-
Published: April 25, 1964
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1964 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
276-
Published: April 25, 1964
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1964 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
276-
Published: April 25, 1964
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1964 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
276-277
Published: April 25, 1964
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1964 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
277-
Published: April 25, 1964
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1964 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
277-
Published: April 25, 1964
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1964 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
277-
Published: April 25, 1964
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1964 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
277-
Published: April 25, 1964
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1964 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
277-
Published: April 25, 1964
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1964 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
277-
Published: April 25, 1964
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1964 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
277-278
Published: April 25, 1964
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1964 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
278-
Published: April 25, 1964
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1964 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
278-
Published: April 25, 1964
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1964 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
278-
Published: April 25, 1964
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1964 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
278-
Published: April 25, 1964
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1964 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
278-
Published: April 25, 1964
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1964 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
279-
Published: April 25, 1964
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1964 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
279-280
Published: April 25, 1964
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1964 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
280-
Published: April 25, 1964
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1964 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
280-
Published: April 25, 1964
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1964 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
280-
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1964 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
280-281
Published: April 25, 1964
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1964 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
281-
Published: April 25, 1964
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1964 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
281-282
Published: April 25, 1964
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1964 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
282-283
Published: April 25, 1964
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1964 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
283-284
Published: April 25, 1964
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Article type: Cover
1964 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
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Published: April 25, 1964
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