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Article type: Cover
1999 Volume 55 Issue 7 Pages
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Article type: Cover
1999 Volume 55 Issue 7 Pages
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Article type: Index
1999 Volume 55 Issue 7 Pages
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Article type: Index
1999 Volume 55 Issue 7 Pages
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1999 Volume 55 Issue 7 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
1999 Volume 55 Issue 7 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
1999 Volume 55 Issue 7 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
1999 Volume 55 Issue 7 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
1999 Volume 55 Issue 7 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
1999 Volume 55 Issue 7 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
1999 Volume 55 Issue 7 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
1999 Volume 55 Issue 7 Pages
IX-XIII
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Article type: Appendix
1999 Volume 55 Issue 7 Pages
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YUJIRO SUZUKI
Article type: Article
1999 Volume 55 Issue 7 Pages
627-632
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YUICHI OSAWA, Jochen Dick, Klingenbeck-Regn Klaus
Article type: Article
1999 Volume 55 Issue 7 Pages
633-638
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YUKIO UCHIYAMA
Article type: Article
1999 Volume 55 Issue 7 Pages
639-645
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1999 Volume 55 Issue 7 Pages
646-654
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HIDEYUKI KATO, [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
Article type: Article
1999 Volume 55 Issue 7 Pages
655-664
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HIROYUKI TAGASHIRA
Article type: Article
1999 Volume 55 Issue 7 Pages
665-671
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TAKEYUKI HASHIMOTO
Article type: Article
1999 Volume 55 Issue 7 Pages
672-674
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TOSHIKAZU HATAKEYAMA
Article type: Article
1999 Volume 55 Issue 7 Pages
675-678
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KAZUHIRO MASUDA, TOMOHIRO MATSUMOTO, SHIGEYASU MURAYAMA, KUMIKO SUZUKI ...
Article type: Article
1999 Volume 55 Issue 7 Pages
679-686
Published: July 20, 1999
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With the spread of interventional radiology (IVR), an increasing number of cathode ray tube (CRT) monitors are being used with digital cineradiographic systems. Therefore, it has become more important to maintain the quality of CRT monitors. In this study, we evaluated the luminance characteristics of CRT monitors in cineradiographic systems by measuring luminance with a video signal generator and luminance meter. We obtained the following results: (1) The gradient of the luminance curve was constant even though relative luminance increased, when the contrast volume control (CVC) was stepped up in the controlled condition for brightness volume control (BVC). (2) The gradient of the luminance curve decreased even though relative luminance increased, when BVC was stepped up in the controlled condition for CVC. (3) We measured the luminance characteristics of the CRT monitors of various institutions under usual conditions and found that the luminance curves differed for each CRT monitor according to the various adjustments made in each institution. However, when we adjusted the CRT monitors for the same conditions, almost all of them showed similar luminance curves. (Results for 1, 2, and 3 were obtained from stand-alone CRT monitors.) (4) The luminance of CRT monitors connected to cineradiographic systems in various institutions differed from one another in spite of adjustments for the same condition when we exposed x-rays that penetrated a copper plate (2mm) to the image intensifier. We concluded that the intensities of video signals in cineradiographic systems differ.
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SHIGENOBU SEGUCHI, YOSHINOBU ISHIKAWA, KAZUYOSHI KUWAHARA, MIKI MORITA ...
Article type: Article
1999 Volume 55 Issue 7 Pages
687-691
Published: July 20, 1999
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We examined the influence of phantoms and tube voltage in fluoroscopy on the image intensifier (I.I.) conversion factor. We used 20-cm-thick acrylic resin, 20 mm aluminum, and 1.5 mm copper, which are generally used as phantoms in the measurement of I.I. incident dose rate. We measured I.I. incident dose rate and conversion factor under conditions in which the range of tube voltage was from 60 kV to 120 kV. The result showed that the conversion factor is influenced by the type of phantom, with copper showing the highest value, aluminum second, and acrylic the smallest under the same condition of aluminum at half-value layer. It was determined that conversion factor depends on tube voltage and has peaks from 80-100 kV. The location and height of the peak are influenced by the type of phantom. Therefore, I.I. incident dose rate is influenced by both the type of phantom and tube voltage under automatic brightness control fluoroscopy. Unification of phantoms and tube voltage is necessary for long-term evaluation of I.I. incident dose rate.
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HIROFUMI MARUISHI, TADASHI SUNAYASHIKI, ATSUSHI TAKIGAWA, SADAMITSU NI ...
Article type: Article
1999 Volume 55 Issue 7 Pages
692-699
Published: July 20, 1999
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A two-component method that describes the theory of x-ray transmission through an anti-scatter grid (hereafter called "grid") was developed in this study. With this method, the transmission of scattered radiation is divided into two components, space and lead transmission. Space and lead transmission mean the transmission of scattered radiation through inter-space material and lead foil, respectively. The transmission of scattered radiation through the grid was analyzed with these two components. The results indicated the following: (1) space transmission was inversely proportional to the grid ratio, and hardly depended on x-ray tube voltage; (2) lead transmission was almost the same as the transmission of scattered radiation through uniform lead foil with a thickness corresponding to the lead content of the grid, and strongly depended on x-ray tube voltage. The performance of all kinds of grids can be easily evaluated by our method using only the space transmission of a certain grid ratio, transmission of scattered radiation through a uniform lead foil, and transmission of primary radiation through inter-space material.
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JUN KOHNO, TOMOKO NAKATA, MASAKO ITO
Article type: Article
1999 Volume 55 Issue 7 Pages
700-707
Published: July 20, 1999
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To investigate the clinical usefulness of calcaneal measurement using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), the ability to detect bone loss and fracture risk were evaluated in comparison with spinal bone mineral density (BMD) measured using DXA and quantitative CT (QCT) and with calcaneal quantitative ultrasound (QUS). Furthermore, to investigate the region in calcaneus in which to detect bone change sensitively, the ability to detect bone loss and fracture risk were also evaluated using new regions of interest (ROIs) that were manually defined. The subjects were 165 healthy women, and 188 female patients with fracture, estrogen deficiency, and steroid-induced osteoporosis. Calcaneal BMD with some manually defined ROIs showed lower precision and less sensitivity in detecting bone loss than BMD measured with automatically defined ROIs. Calcaneal DXA, spinal DXA, and QCT demonstrated significant age-related bone loss, and all measurements could discriminate fracture cases from non-fracture cases. Calcaneal DXA could discriminate the bone loss associated with estrogen deficiency as well as spinal DXA. Furthermore, calcaneal measurements showed a greater ability to detect steroid-induced bone loss than spinal DXA, probably because this group included subjects of advanced age with spondylosis. In conclusion, calcaneal DXA is useful to assess BMD in subjects who are not suitable for spinal measurement, although the ability to detect age-related bone loss in calcaneal DXA is less than in spinal measurements.
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KICHIRO KOSHIDA
Article type: Article
1999 Volume 55 Issue 7 Pages
708-713
Published: July 20, 1999
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The purpose of this study was to identify the reactions of hospitals to receiving ICRP-60 recommendations. The main questionnaire items pertained to changes in occupational exposure, antenatal exposure, and controlled areas. Of 255 facilities that received the questionnaire, 146 responded. Seventy-four percent of facilities received recommendations on occupational exposure and 63.7% on controlled areas. In terms of antenatal exposure, 73.3% of facilities received not ICRP-60 recommendations but the Japanese recommendations to enact regulations on period (week or month). The respondents considered (1) that recommendations on occupational exposure were unlikely to cause much confusion. However, 2.1% of facilities were engaged in improvements. (2) Respondents agreed that recommendations on antenatal exposure be enacted. In the absence of such regulation, alarm meters or pocket dosimeters should be used. (3) In terms of controlled areas, 26.7% of facilities considered that operation time must be examined.
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Article type: Bibliography
1999 Volume 55 Issue 7 Pages
714-715
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Article type: Appendix
1999 Volume 55 Issue 7 Pages
716-717
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Article type: Appendix
1999 Volume 55 Issue 7 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
1999 Volume 55 Issue 7 Pages
719-720
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Article type: Appendix
1999 Volume 55 Issue 7 Pages
721-730
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Article type: Appendix
1999 Volume 55 Issue 7 Pages
731-732
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Article type: Appendix
1999 Volume 55 Issue 7 Pages
733-734
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Article type: Cover
1999 Volume 55 Issue 7 Pages
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