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Article type: Cover
1979 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages
Cover10-
Published: November 01, 1979
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Article type: Cover
1979 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages
Cover11-
Published: November 01, 1979
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Article type: Index
1979 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages
Toc6-
Published: November 01, 1979
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Article type: Appendix
1979 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages
i-v
Published: November 01, 1979
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KIMIHIKO IGARASHI, MEGUMI YAMAGUCHI, YOSHIHARU WATANABE, TERUO FURUYA, ...
Article type: Article
1979 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages
423-428
Published: November 01, 1979
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Unexpected leakage radiation has been found at the maze entrance of the treatment room of the linear accelerator (LMR-15). From the results of various measurements, neutrons are detected at the maze entrance, and the leakage is suggested to be mainly due to γ-rays produced by (n, γ) reactions in the door material, wall of the maze and so on. Therefore, the contribution of neutrons and γ-rays produced by (n, γ) reactions must be taken into account from the point of view of radiation protection in the design of the treatment room for linear accelerator of more than 10MV. This means that for the measurement of leakage radiation the contribution of neutrons to the dose should be accurately estimated.
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NOBORU HATORI, KATSUMI YAMAKAWA, TETSUO EDA, TAKASHI HABU, HIROSHI END ...
Article type: Article
1979 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages
429-436
Published: November 01, 1979
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In radiation for malignant tumor, interstitial irradiation and/or intracavitary irradiation are performed in addition to external irradiation. The former two treatments are well applied for the tumors at head and neck region, especially carcinoma of the tongue and for that in gynecological tumor like carcinoma of the cervix. However, nurses are supposed to be irradiatated during the treatment, as they help the handing of radiation sourses to insert or to pierce them directly into diseased parts. In this paper, we measured the relationship between working time of nurses for the treatment and exposure doses of nurses, using a thermoluminescence dosimeter. the exposure doses were approximately proportional to the working time, and 3-6 mR working time for a treatment in the cases of the diseases head and neck, and 4 mR working time for a treatment in the cases of gynecological diseases.
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TAKESHI SAWADA, TAKAHIKO KAJIHARA, SIGEHISA FUJII, KAZUTAKA EJIRI, TAK ...
Article type: Article
1979 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages
437-446
Published: November 01, 1979
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The method of direct CT slit scanography is intended to be applied clinically for CT positioning. It was found that the inclined angles of X-ray necessary for one side separation of the temporal pyramis and the optic canal were 20 and 15 degrees respectively towared the head. The finding that the level of 83% of the pancreas examined locate between the 12th thoracic vertebrae and 1st lumbar vertebrae was obtained by using this method. Since the CT slit scanography has an advantage of better quantitative analysis due to the narrow beam, CR value was calculated to evaluate this advantage. The result showed that CT slit scanography could be applied to sufficient quantative analysis of the image.
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MICHIMASA MATSUO, SUSUMU FUJII, YUKIO KANEDA
Article type: Article
1979 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages
447-454
Published: November 01, 1979
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The clinical importance of hepatic scintigrams for the differential diagnosis of diffuse liver diseases has been reported in various studies together with the diagnostic criteria. However, most of the criteria proposed are based on manual measurements and / or visual inspection, and, thus, the personal subtle deviation of criteria is inevitable. In this study, the characterization of patterns of right lateral hepatic scintigrams obtained by automated computerized processings is investigated. Several methods are examined to extract the hepatic region from the digitized image, finding that intensity methods with threshold levels based on the variance and gradient criteria can be effectively applied. Two methods, named the rectangular method and the circular method, are also proposed in this study for the characterization of the hepatic patterns. The diagnostic effectiveness of each combination of methods for the region extraction and the pattern characterization was evaluated by applying multivariate discriminant analysis. Seventy six cases, which are already diagnosed pathologically by biopsy, are used for this study, containing 5 of acute hepatitis (abbreviated as AH), 15 of chronic inactive hepatitis (CHI), 20 of chronic active hepatitis (CHA), 7 of liver cirrhosis in early stage (E-LC), 17 of liver cirrhosis (LC) and 12 of control (N). Based on the results of the reclassification of all sample cases by combining the rectangular method and the circular method, 4 of 5 AH (80%), 11 of 15 CHI (73.3%), 17 of 20 CHA (85%), 7 of 7 E-LC (100%) and 16 of 17 LC (94.1%) were accurately diagnosed by the automated computerized differential diagnosis. The over all accuracy rate was 66/76 (86.8%).
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1979 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages
455-
Published: November 01, 1979
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Article type: Appendix
1979 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages
456-
Published: November 01, 1979
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YASUHISA SAITOU, HIROYUKI KATOU, YUTAKA TANAKA, TSUYOSHI NOBATA, SATOR ...
Article type: Article
1979 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages
457-464
Published: November 01, 1979
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The radiological diagnosis of the early gastric cancer has made rapid progress by the double contrast study of Dr. Shirakabe. Recently the double contrast study has become to portray clearly the gastric area. The radiological diagnosis of the mucosal spreading and the depth of invasion of the early gastric cancer is going to be attempted. The image quality elements of the double contrast study (Sharpness, Contrast, Granularity, Darkness) are composed by many factors : Fluoroscopy table, Generator, X-ray tube, Grid, Folie, Film, Barium, Examination technique, etc. We have examined the relationship between the image quality elements and the composing factors. The results are summarized as follows : 1) Main composing factors in the sharpness are X-ray focus size and exposure time. There are desirable 0.6mm focus and exposure time less than 0.05 sec. 2) The space material of X-ray grid is one of the most important factor in the contrast. It is made of wood spacer and its ratio is 10 : 1. X-ray tube voltage is 80 kVp. Barium concentration is 130%w/v. 3) The granularity is generally decided by films γ (Gamma).
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TADASHI SATO
Article type: Article
1979 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages
465-471
Published: November 01, 1979
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It was almost impossible to diagnose the minute findings of GI tract examined by the usual remote control X-ray table. The improvement of the remote control X-ray table followingly mentioned made it possible in considerable degree to visualize the minute lesions. 1. Shortening of the distance between the surface of spotshot and film. (37mm→13mm) 2. the absorption of off-focus X-ray and the cut-off of the scattered radiation by the adoptation of primary shielding divice for sub-divided exposure togather with the use of the collimeter. 3. Elongation of the focus-tabletop distance. (55cm→65cm) 4. The use of the high-energy and small focus X-ray tube. (0.8mm, 0.3mm) To select the most favorable intensifying screen, film and exposure factors for the diagnosis of GI tract, we took such a method that we made a histogram of Barium Sulfuricum (BaSO_4) which had 20 layers of about 50μm thick, then took a X-ray film of it together with Acryl (C_5H_8O_2) phantom, and examined the capacity of discrimination between each BaSO_4 layer. As to the apparatus for GI tract screen, we reached the conclusion through these tests that it became better to put the lead foil on the back-intensifying screen.
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HIDEHO ISIGE
Article type: Article
1979 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages
472-478
Published: November 01, 1979
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We reported the examination of the stomach experience of gastric anterior wall by means of double contrast gastrography in 962 cases, The apparatus used was universal Gyroscopic X-ray Television Apparatus (DT-UG), The examination was performed by following 2 methods, Method I From a supine position, a patient should be in a upside-down position -60〜-70°. Method II Postero-anterior exposure in a left recumbent position rotated from a prone position by whole rotation. Following our methods successfully anterior wall of the stomach was represnted by double contrast gastrography in 90% of the Cases,
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SEIJI EBINE
Article type: Article
1979 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages
479-488
Published: November 01, 1979
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The authors investigated the actual conditions of gastrointestinal tract radiography. The problems are as follows. The authors emphasize the point that is the curriculum in school and education after graduation. It is necessary to consider about the radiocontrast media, the particle size of film and intensifying screen and X-ray apparatus. The authors made a comparative studies in vitro using some barium preparations. It is assumed that there is no preparation to satisfy within the limits of these experiments. Furthermore, the mixture method of preparations was performed. The experimental results did not show clearly the satisfactory effect. As the studies in vitro enter a delicate phase, the judgement of barium preparation in vitro is very difficult. Considering such problem, we must understand well about barium contrast media and must handle it with extreme caution.
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HIROSHI NAGAHATA
Article type: Article
1979 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages
489-496
Published: November 01, 1979
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We report the basic problems in some technical problems of alimentary tract radiography from a evaluation of radiographic image quality standpoint. We used two ways of evaluation. One is by physical objective process. The other is by psychological subjective process. For the former, we studied every trend centering around modulation transfer function (MTF) which are geometrical factors, content rate of scattered X-rays and primary X-rays. For the latter, through the vision system, we studied the trend of sharpness, contrast, graininess and screen-film system by the method of successive cathegories and ROC curve.
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TADASHI KUSUNOSE
Article type: Article
1979 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages
497-504
Published: November 01, 1979
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From 62 institutions, where screening X-ray surverys of stomach were performed, we obtained following various opinions regarding X-ray equipment, exposure condition, contrast medium, prone mucosal study and management of the screening mass survery. On the basis of these date and our experimental studies with 12 inch Image Intensifier, following factors which give us misleading results are discussed 1) Exposure condition, 2) Positioning of the subject, 3) Condition of the subject, 4) X-ray equipment and contrast medium, 5) Technician who takes X-ray image on a film and doctor who makes X-ray report.
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1979 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages
505-506
Published: November 01, 1979
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Article type: Appendix
1979 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages
507-510
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Article type: Appendix
1979 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages
511-520
Published: November 01, 1979
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1979 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages
521-523
Published: November 01, 1979
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1979 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages
523-535
Published: November 01, 1979
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1979 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages
535-543
Published: November 01, 1979
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1979 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages
544-551
Published: November 01, 1979
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
Article type: Article
1979 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages
552-
Published: November 01, 1979
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1979 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages
552-
Published: November 01, 1979
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1979 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages
552-553
Published: November 01, 1979
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
Article type: Article
1979 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages
553-
Published: November 01, 1979
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1979 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages
553-554
Published: November 01, 1979
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1979 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages
554-
Published: November 01, 1979
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
Article type: Article
1979 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages
554-555
Published: November 01, 1979
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1979 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages
555-
Published: November 01, 1979
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1979 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages
555-
Published: November 01, 1979
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1979 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages
555-556
Published: November 01, 1979
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
Article type: Article
1979 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages
556-
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Article type: Appendix
1979 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages
557-560
Published: November 01, 1979
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T. Healey
Article type: Article
1979 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages
561-
Published: November 01, 1979
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W.M. Barnes, J.H. Anderson
Article type: Article
1979 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages
561-
Published: November 01, 1979
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Article type: Appendix
1979 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages
561-
Published: November 01, 1979
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Article type: Appendix
1979 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages
562-563
Published: November 01, 1979
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
Article type: Article
1979 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages
564-
Published: November 01, 1979
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
Article type: Article
1979 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages
564-
Published: November 01, 1979
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1979 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages
564-
Published: November 01, 1979
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1979 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages
564-
Published: November 01, 1979
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1979 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages
564-565
Published: November 01, 1979
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
Article type: Article
1979 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages
565-
Published: November 01, 1979
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
Article type: Article
1979 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages
565-
Published: November 01, 1979
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1979 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages
565-
Published: November 01, 1979
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
Article type: Article
1979 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages
565-
Published: November 01, 1979
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Article type: Appendix
1979 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages
565-
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Article type: Appendix
1979 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages
566-567
Published: November 01, 1979
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