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1987 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages
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Article type: Index
1987 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages
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Article type: Index
1987 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
1987 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
1987 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages
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1987 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages
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AKIYOSHI OHTSUKA, YUJI KUME, HIROOMI SUMIDA, MASAHIRO HASHIDA, KATSUHI ...
Article type: Article
1987 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages
1612-1618
Published: November 01, 1987
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We investigated the delectability of simulated low contrast radiographic small objects imaged by contact, magnification and stereo techniques. Signal patterns were simulated by 2 mm plastic beads with and without structured noise. The delectability of simulated patterns was quantified in terms of the results of observer performance experiments by using the ROC method. Signal detection for magnification and stereo radiographs was greater than that for contact radiographs. That was especially improved by 2X magnification technique even if objects have structured noise in the background. The improvement in detectability by 2X magnification radiographs can be explained from the viewpoint of signal-to-noise ratio included the observer's internal noise.
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SHIRO HOSOYA, HITOSHI TSUCHIYA, YOSHIMUNE ENDO, KENJI TORIKAI, TSUGIO ...
Article type: Article
1987 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages
1619-1626
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YOSHlNORI KIDOKORO
Article type: Article
1987 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages
1627-1629
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Knowledge acquired in medical study fields is utilized for the development of diagnostic, therapeutic and preventive methods in medicine. Nuclear Medicine, having a history over a quarter a century, is a unique procedure in medicine and is yet a new technology in diagnoses. Recent annual meetings of the Society of Nuclear Medicine (U.S.A) show us many promising radiopharmaceuticals. Out of them, ^<99m>Tc HMPAO, ^<99m>Tc isonitriles, ^<99m>Tc BATOs, ^<123>I-faty acid derivatives ^<123>I-MIBG and radioisotope labeled monoclonal antibodies seem advanced. Each ^<99m>Tc labeled compound has been selected purposively with constant efforts from many similar compounds. ^<99m>Tc-labeled compounds have now a new developmental procedure of their membrane passing pharmacokinetics. The developmental procedures of the other radiolabeled ligands depend almost on pharmacokinetics of ligands, and characters of those ligands will may have relations directly or indirectly with substances in blood to be tested by in-vitro diagnostic methods like a radioimmunoassay.
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AKIO MYOGA
Article type: Article
1987 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages
1630-1635
Published: November 01, 1987
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Radioimmunoassay, which was developed by Berson & Yalow, has been making excellent progress and advancement. It is becoming a simpler procedure with short time assay due to the switchover from the liquid-phase method to the solid-phase method and from the competitive assay to the sandwich assay. The progress in biotechnology made it possible to obtain highly purified antibodies having high specificity. The in vitro method of immunological diagnosis was developed in the endocrinological field at first, and then it came to be applied in the fields of cancer or infectious diseases. Now, it occupies a very important position as regards diagnostic medicine. The development of new diagnostic methods will make an important contribution to the progress of clinical medicine. A useful immunological method for screening test is expected and is being awaited in the field of cancer. In infectious disease and judgement of pregnancy, a new diagnostic method which can be used by anyone, at anytime, and in anywhere will open a big new market. Immunological diagnostic method will make great progress and advance by carving out new technology and a new field.
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KAMON IMAI
Article type: Article
1987 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages
1636-1642
Published: November 01, 1987
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Nuclear cardiology has been established during the past decade. Cardiac imagings by ^<201>Tl or ^<99m>Tc-PYP and pool imagings by ^<99m>Tc-RBC are frequently used for diagnosis and evaluation of treatments. By these techniques, the information about blood flow of myocardium, myocardial damage and movement of ventricles can be obtained. In the past, information was two dimensional, however three dimensional information has been able to be obtained recently by using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) . Nuclear cardiology in the future depends on the development of new tracers, equipment and clinical application. The new tracers for myocardial blood flow such as ^<99m>Tc-Isonitrile or for myocardial damage such as ^<111>Indium Antimyosin will soon be available in U.S. Furthermore, tracers for metabolism of fat or glucose in myocardium are expected for diagnosis and evaluation for treatment of ischemic heart disease. Equipment for this field have not been completely developed yet. If evaluation of left ventricular function during daily actions could be carried out, it would be extremely valuable. New equipment for this purpose are now also available. Information obtained by nuclear are being used for diagnosis, management and its assessment. However, in the future these will also be utilized for risk stratification for rehabilitation, occupation and prognosis.
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MlCHIK MASAKA
Article type: Article
1987 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages
1643-1646
Published: November 01, 1987
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The trend in the history of clinical test techniques has been so far a continuous search for a more sensitive and more specific method. The shift from the RRHA to RIA/EIA method in the determination of the α-fetoprotein might be a case which reflects this trend. Development of a highly sensitive test method has on the one hand, assumed significance for detecting a shift in microquantities of protein at very low levels such as the α feto protein assay for diagnosis ofα fetoprotein producing tumors and has on the other hand, responded to the clinical need for detecting organspecific tumor markers composed of new antibodies such as TSH, Ca19-9, and CA 125. Monoclonal antibody preparing techniques are what made this change possible. Development of this techniques may bring us still more possibilities in diagnostic determination.
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MIZUKI MORI
Article type: Article
1987 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages
1647-1652
Published: November 01, 1987
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Progress of the scintillation camera is described, as an in vivo imaging device in nuclear medicine. Usefulness of the scintillation camera in vivo imaging was established by appearance of technetium 99m labeled pharmaceuticals. As regards the total counting efficiency, gamma-ray energy of Tc 99m is ideal for the scintillation camera in vivo detection. Proper half life of Tc 99m reduces the radiation dose to patients. Progress in spatial resolution of the camera is strongly dependent on improvements in performance of the photomultiplier tube. Also, various distortion corrections are performed using advanced microprocessor technologies. The biggest progress regarding the scintillation camera is in the change in the shape of the field of view that has been change from round to rectangular. Presently, almost of newly installed scintillation cameras have a single photon emission computed tomograph capability. We look forward to new innovations in in-vivo imaging in the future.
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MITSUO HOSHINO
Article type: Article
1987 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages
1653-1658
Published: November 01, 1987
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Physiological and biochemical studies and whole-body research on diseases of unknown incidence lesions, which are presently being universal studied for all organs will be studied continuous for practical application. Future studies may consist of (1) research in the physipathological mechanism regarding cranial nerves diseases using neurotransmitters, (2) Immuno-nuclear medicine and (3) clearing the causes for incurable diseases. Those studies may be practical used through the use of feed back from positron nuclear medicine to single photon nuclear medicine. Future nuclear medicine will be supported by basic studies such as clinical physipathology, cytology, immunology, pharmacology, and embryology
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1987 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages
1659-1660
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1987 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages
1661-1669
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1987 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages
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1987 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages
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1987 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages
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Article type: Article
1987 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages
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1987 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages
1670-1671
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1987 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages
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1987 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages
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1987 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages
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1987 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages
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1987 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages
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1987 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages
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1987 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages
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1987 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages
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1987 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages
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1987 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages
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1987 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages
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1987 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages
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1987 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages
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1987 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages
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1987 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages
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1987 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages
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1987 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages
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1987 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages
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1987 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages
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1987 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages
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1987 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages
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1987 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages
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1987 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages
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1987 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages
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1987 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages
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1987 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages
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1987 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages
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1987 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages
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1987 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages
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