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Article type: Cover
1985 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages
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Published: January 01, 1985
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Article type: Cover
1985 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages
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Article type: Index
1985 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
1985 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages
i-vi
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CHISAKO FURUMATSU
Article type: Article
1985 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages
1-7
Published: January 01, 1985
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Vitamin B_<12> (B_<12>) absorption test using a whole body counter with plastic scintillators is a clinically useful method for the diagnosis of B_<12> malabsorption. As described in our previous paper, a 103 percent value measurement was made 35 min after the oral administration of radioactive B_<12>. To simplified the method we tried to get the 100 percent value without measurement of the patient after the B_<12> administration. The radioactive B_<12> material was counted at a distance of 6 cm from the bed. Each count was corrected by physique of the patient. The correction factor is [numerical formula] The B_<12> absorption rate estimated by the initial value described above was compared with that obtained by our usual method for each patient. The coefficient of correlation and % agreement were 0.98 and 98 percent, respectively. This method is simple and convenient as a routine test.
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TAKASHI WAKAMATSU
Article type: Article
1985 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages
8-15
Published: January 01, 1985
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It is generally known that a gradient or a frequency enhancement so-called image processing increases human visual detectability remarkably. Morecover, its justice was objectively proven by the human visual receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. However, it is still not clear why image processing can make a human visual detectability increase so much. In this paper, by application of the signal detection theory based on the physical quantity estimation, the author could clearly prove that detectability increased by image processing and is of the opinion that the human visual system is a real detector with internal noise. Furthermore, in the case of a lucite bead signal with 2 mm of diameter image-processed on radiographs of two screen-film systems, results of calculating spectral detectabilities and single numbers of detectability were surely increased as to the real detector with internal noise.
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MAKOTO SHIBUKAWA, HIDEO SHIRAKURA
Article type: Article
1985 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages
16-21
Published: January 01, 1985
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The application of the skeletal imaging for patients having trauma and pain was investgated, but the sign of bone fracture could not be found on the X-rays. Their influence upon the bone-soft tissue ratios with ^<99m>Tc-MDP (Methylene Diphosphonate) and ^<99m>Tc-HMDP (Hydroxymethylene Diphosphonate) was examined by varying the ratios per hour. The bone-soft tissue ratios with ^<99m>Tc-MDP were more concentrated than ^<99m>Tc-HMDP did, but there was no difference between the skeletal image. When two houres after intra veinous injection, the skeletal image became made clear. It gave us a satisfactory. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was good index about when the skeletal image was applied to the patient with bone fracture. Also the skeletal image became clear after one week since the bone fracture.
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SHUMPEI OHNAMI, CHIKASHI NAKAYAMA, TOMOKO TERADA, TAMAKI KURODA, FUJIO ...
Article type: Article
1985 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages
22-28
Published: January 01, 1985
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A radioimmunoassay (RIA) for secretin using desaminotyrosyl-β-alanin-secretin (DATA-secretin) as a tracer and commercially available anti-secretin serum was developed. Separation of the bound and free forms was performed using the double antibody method. DATA-secretin was labelled with I-125 by use of the chloramine T method and radioactivities from the Bio Gel P-4 column of the labelled DATA-secretin were eluted in two peaks. I-125-DATA-secretin, which was reactive to the antiserum, was contained in the first peak, and the fractions on the down slope of I-125-DATA-secretin peak were the most suitable for the radioligand in the secretin RIA system. The specific activity of the purified I-125-DATA-secrestin ranged from 4.4 to 5.9 M Bq/μg. In the assay, the minimal detectable concentration of secretin was 5.4 pg/tube, and 54 pg/ml of plasma was possible to assay. Coefficient variations of the inter- and intrassay at 25 pg/tube were 13.7% and 7.8%, respectively. The mean recovery of the synthetic secretin added to the secretin free plasma was 96% at 500 pg/ml and 77% at 100 pg/ml. The incubation damage of the traccer was significantly lowered in pyrex tube as comparaed to plastic and polyethylen tubes. These results indicate that the RIA system using I-125-DATA-secretin as the tracer is sensitive and specific, and is useful for the physiological investigation of secretin.
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ATSUO NAGATA
Article type: Article
1985 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages
29-35
Published: January 01, 1985
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Characterstics of multi-well gamma counters were compared with single-well gamma counters about usefulness and problems for rapid radioimmunoassay. Two single-well gamma counters (Aloka ARC-351,micromedic MS-588) and four multi-well gamma counters (Nuclear Enterprises NE-1600,Micromedic MSI-4/200,Aloka ARC-600,LKB Wallac MG-1260) were used for the present study. The counting time by respective gamma counters was clearly in inverse proportion to the numbers of wells. The geometric counting efficiency was markedly different from tested counters. In particular, it was decreased remarkably on the NE-1600 gamma counter by increasing of the sample volume. In case of the multi-well gammaa counter has a thin lead protection against gamma rays, so-called the cross-talk effect from well to well was observed with a high energy gamma ray sample (for example : ^<131>I, ^<59>Fe). The difference of the counting efficiency among wells is in existence only with the multi-well gamma counter but there is no factor with the single well gamma counter, resulting in the fact the former was affected to the counting accuracy. Therefore, the counting efficiency should be kept at 2% among the wells.
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YOSHIO KOBAYASHI
Article type: Article
1985 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages
36-42
Published: January 01, 1985
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Various digital radiographic and medical (image) information systems have been researched and developed. To utilize the characteristics of the digital images and make effective use of medical information systems, many digital image processing techniques are necessary. This paper describes image enhancement, data compression etc. in respect of the digital image processing.
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MASAO TAKANO
Article type: Article
1985 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages
43-48
Published: January 01, 1985
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The Fuji Computed Radiography (FCR) system has been developed as a new X-ray imaging system substituting the conventional systems (film, fluorescent intensifier). The new system features high sensitivity and computer controlled image processing, providing the X-ray image of wide latitude and excellent stability. In the result, the new system would be effective to reduce exposure dose and improve the accuracy of X-ray image diagnosis. This report outlines the technical points of the development, present problems, future tasks, etc.
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HIROSHI YAMAGUCHI, TSUYOSHI MATSUNAGA, KENJI HATTORI, SATORU KONDO, SH ...
Article type: Article
1985 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages
49-54
Published: January 01, 1985
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The advent of Fuji Computed Radiography (FCR) system has made it possible to digitize X-ray images directly without the conventional film-screen system. Operations, functions and characteristics of the system were stated. The necessary attentions and problems in clinical application were discussed. Diagnostic accuracy can be improved by simultaneously interpreting the images similar to conventional X-ray images and images processed to meet visual characteristics. Stabilization of output images, improvement of X-ray techniques and establishment of proper image processing should be done by analyzing many clinical results to meet the diagnostic aim.
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KYOICHI FUJII, HIROKI YAMADA, ISSEI KOGA, TAKAO NONAKA, KAZUMI KOBAYAS ...
Article type: Article
1985 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages
55-62
Published: January 01, 1985
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Intravenous digital subtraction angiography of 434 cases has been evaluated in the National Medical Center Hospital. All these cases were injected from peripheral vein with insertion of 5 cm length cannula of 19G. After the injection of contrast material, 5% glucose solution is continuously infused. The evaluation has been performed with the image impression quality which is superior or inferior compared with a selective angiogram. Excellent means superior quality to selective angiography, good means compatible to angiography of catheter technique, fair means inferior to the angiography and in these case the diagnosis is easily made, but poor means that image is obscure and failed to make a correct diagnosis. The volume of contrast material is also checked with image quality. Twenty ml and 40 ml groups were divided. Among the 434 cases, 30 cases were excellent and 50 cases were poor. As much as the volume of the contrast material is concerned, 6 cases were observed to be excellent and 65 good in the 20 ml group of 234 patients ; and 23 cases were proven to be excellent and 120 good in the 40 ml group of 207 patients. In the proximal part of extremities, there were very few differences in image quality between the 20 ml and 40 ml groups. However, in the distal part, the 40 ml group showed superior quality, and 40 ml of the contrast material injection is recommended to demonstrate the peripheral vessels. The peripheral venous injection DSA is a very useful procedure of angiogram for the outpatients and pediatrics and cases thought to be serious. This IVDSA system is one of the less invasive and advantageous image modalities.
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HIROAKI KUDO
Article type: Article
1985 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages
63-68
Published: January 01, 1985
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The recent spread of DSA (Digital Subtraction Angiography) equipment is remarkable and they are applied in clinical examination. Many problems, however, still exist with respect to spatial resolution and contrast resolution. Since the current multi-format camera has been developed for CT (Computed Tomography) and US (Ultra Sound), it can not make stable DSA image printing. For this reason and others, the difference in the quality of DSA images between one medical center and the other is too great. The authors in cooperation with Nippon Avionics Co., Ltd. have developed the Angio-Imager, an improved DSA equipment, after taking into account the present situation problems cited above.
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KESATO YANO, KIYOSHI MARUYAMA, TOSHIO KASUGA
Article type: Article
1985 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages
69-80
Published: January 01, 1985
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This paper describes the techniques of digital tomosynthesis and dynamic function analysis as applications of the digital fluorography. A new video digital tomosynthesis system was configured of modified tomographic apparatus with TV system, a video disk recorder or a video tape recorder, a co-ordinates transmission unit, digital frame memories and a small computer. Tomosynthesis images were reconstructed by shifting the projection TV images corresponding to the depth of tomogram, and by overlapping and integrating them. As a result, tomosynthesis image could be processed within three seconds in circular tomography and one second in linear tomography. After computer processing for minimization of artifacts from other slices, the border of the tumor and the streaky shadow of pulmonary vessels and bronchi in the digital tomosynthesis image were more clear than conventional tomographic image using X-ray film. The new DF system with ten mega bytes frame memories and micro computer was trial manufactured. The micro computer was also used for various post processings, such as remasking, cardiac function analysis and blood flow analysis. Global and segmental cardiac functions were displayed by volume and differential curve, time interval difference image, stroke volume image, amplitude image and phase image. These parameters were shown to be useful in the quantitative analysis of cardiovascular physiology. Regional per cent blood volume image and peak time image were computed using the temporal changes of contrast media at each pixels. These parameters were applicable to quantitative circulatory studies of the cereblar and abdominal arteries.
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1985 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages
81-83
Published: January 01, 1985
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
Article type: Article
1985 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages
84-96
Published: January 01, 1985
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
Article type: Article
1985 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages
97-114
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1985 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages
115-118
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1985 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages
119-121
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1985 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages
121-123
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1985 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages
123-124
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1985 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages
124-125
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1985 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages
126-127
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1985 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages
127-128
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1985 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages
129-130
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YUTAKA IMAI
Article type: Article
1985 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages
131-146
Published: January 01, 1985
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The distinctive clinical features of malignant lymphoma among malignant tumors are as follow : Firstly histopathological classification, staging classification, staging system, and treatment policy of malignant lymphoma, especially in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, are still in controversy. Secondly its therapy has been done mainly with radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy. Indication of surgery is limited, except gastrointestinal cases in stage I. Thirdly staging procedures are very important in deciding its stage and treatment policy, because insufficient examinations cause underestimate of disease and improper treatment. Considering these problems, this paper reviews the current discussions on the definition, staging systems, treatment policies and side effects in the literatures. Staging system, treatment policiy and its results at Shinshu University Hospital are discussed in comparison to those of other institutes.
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Article type: Appendix
1985 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages
147-149
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Article type: Appendix
1985 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages
150-169
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Article type: Article
1985 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages
170-
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Article type: Article
1985 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages
170-
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Article type: Article
1985 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages
170-
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
Article type: Article
1985 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages
170-171
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Article type: Article
1985 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages
171-
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Article type: Article
1985 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages
171-
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1985 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages
171-172
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1985 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages
172-
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1985 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages
172-173
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Article type: Article
1985 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages
173-
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Article type: Article
1985 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages
173-
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Article type: Article
1985 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages
173-
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Article type: Article
1985 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages
173-174
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Article type: Article
1985 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages
174-
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Article type: Article
1985 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages
174-
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Article type: Article
1985 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages
174-
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Article type: Article
1985 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages
174-
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Article type: Article
1985 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages
174-175
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Article type: Article
1985 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages
175-
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Article type: Article
1985 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages
175-
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Article type: Article
1985 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages
175-
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