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2003 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages
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Article type: Cover
2003 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages
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Article type: Index
2003 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages
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Article type: Index
2003 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2003 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
2003 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages
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2003 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages
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2003 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages
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2003 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages
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2003 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages
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2003 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
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Article type: Appendix
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Article type: Appendix
2003 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages
VII-XXXV
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2003 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages
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MASAHIKO FUJII, [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japan ...
Article type: Article
2003 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages
1201-1208
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TSUYOSHI MATSUDA
Article type: Article
2003 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages
1209-1217
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AKIYOSHI OHTSUKA
Article type: Article
2003 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages
1218-1221
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KAZUO MARUHASHI
Article type: Article
2003 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages
1222-1228
Published: October 20, 2003
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HIDEO ONISHI, [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanes ...
Article type: Article
2003 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages
1229-1247
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KAZUYA YAMASHITA
Article type: Article
2003 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages
1248-1256
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CHUDO KAZUSA
Article type: Article
2003 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages
1257-1259
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MASATO MAENO
Article type: Article
2003 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages
1261-1267
Published: October 20, 2003
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The characteristics of fMRI include high-resolution, non-invasiveness, and ease of use, making it increasingly popular for brain imaging. However, imaging by the block paradigm is limited in time resolution from stimulus presentation to the subject to image acquisition. Therefore, it is not necessarily adequate for the evaluation of early (initial) brain activity. To evaluate this activity, real-time resolution during stimulation is required. We considered a single paradigm to be the most suitable for this purpose. To obtain real-time information at stimulation, it is necessary to utilize the sequence design of a single paradigm that synchronizes with an external trigger. By so doing, we found that it was possible to evaluate brain activity in the early stage in the primary visual cortex. The relative decrease of PO^2 ("sank") that was generated in the initial stage of BOLD, that is, the initial dip, was captured as a transitory change in signal by using a stimulation presentation of about two seconds in the single paradigm. Results showed that the single design provided time resolution with a high time to activation. Moreover, it is thought that imaging by a single paradigm that synchronizes with stimulation is indispensable for the time and spatial elucidation of detailed brain activity. Therefore, brain activity at the early stage in primary visual cortex was clarified by using a single paradigm that synchronized with stimulation from single-shot EPI.
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TAKANAGA NIIMI, KUNIHARU IMAI, KENICHI KAMEGAI, TAKESHI HIOKI, AKIHIRO ...
Article type: Article
2003 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages
1268-1276
Published: October 20, 2003
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It is important that the evaluation of X-ray images include the observer's visual characteristics. However, evaluations of X-ray images that include these characteristics are not performed because of the difficulty of quantitatively elucidating visual characteristics. In this study, we classified observers into groups (clusters) by the same criteria of visual decision, using cluster analysis (unweighted Pair-Group method using arithmetic averages), and evaluated X-ray images on the basis of this separation. Clinical application is also discussed. It was found that observer clustering caused a decrease in between-observer variation. Observers were grouped into two different categories: one with the characteristics of radiologists and the other with the characteristics of medical physicists. Our results indicated that the group with the characteristics of radiologists was suitable for the quality control (QC) of X-ray images.
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KEISUKE KONDO, JUNJI MORISHITA, SHIGEHIKO KATSURAGAWA, KUNIO DOI
Article type: Article
2003 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages
1277-1284
Published: October 20, 2003
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It is important that all images in a picture archiving and communication system (PACS)environment should be stored in the correct location, e.g., in the proper patient's folder. However, if patient information, such as identification number or patient name, has been entered incorrectly, the image may be stored in the wrong place. We are developing an automated patient recognition method for chest radiographs based on a template-matching technique to prevent such filing errors. To further improve the performance of our method, we investigated the usefulness of a new automated patient-recognition method based on a template-matching technique by using edge-enhanced and smoothed images. We found that the relationship between the correlation values obtained with and without the edge-enhancement technique tended to provide different criteria for identifying correct or incorrect patients. When we combined the two methods to distinguish the images by a rule-based method, 67.1% of wrongly identified patients in our database could be identified as wrongly identified, without any false warnings for correctly identified patients. We consider that this automated method for patient recognition based on edge-enhanced images would be useful in preventing "wrong" images from being stored in a PACS environment.
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SEIICHI MURAKAMI, NOBUHIRO ODA, ETSUROU FUTAGAMI, KEIJI FUJIMOTO, YUUS ...
Article type: Article
2003 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages
1285-1294
Published: October 20, 2003
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Quantitative analysis of bone mass is a method mainly used for the diagnosis of osteoporosis. However, there are cases of osteoporosis that cannot be diagnosed by this method alone. This study was performed to develop a new quantitative method for the evaluation of osteoporosis using texture analysis and geometric feature analysis of trabecular bone on lateral calcaneal computed radiographs. Thirty-seven cases including 11 normal and 26 abnormal lateral calcaneal radiographs were examined. The patients' ages ranged from 24 to 89 years (average age, 58.3 years). The root mean square (RMS) variation and first moment of power spectrum of trabecular bone patterns were determined as quantitative measures for texture analysis. In addition, the total area and total length of trabecular bone were obtained from geometric feature analysis. The RMS variations in pixel values, total area, and total length of trabecular bone were decreased as bone atrophy progressed. These three quantitative measures corresponded well to radiologists' subjective evaluations of bone atrophy. Moreover, our results indicated that these three quantitative measures had strong correlations with bone mineral density of the femoral neck. Therefore, we consider the computerized method with texture analysis and geometric feature analysis of lateral calcaneal radiographs to be very useful for radiologists in evaluating osteoporosis.
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TOSHIMINE YABUTANI, SHOUICHI SUZUKI, SHINJI ARAKAWA, KIMIE YOKOYAMA, Y ...
Article type: Article
2003 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages
1295-1302
Published: October 20, 2003
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Verification of portal skin mark in radiotherapy is very important for external beam therapy because precision in radiotherapy depends on accuracy of the skin marking throughout the course of radiotherapy. In taking steps to preserve the skin mark, an adhesive tape and plastic bandage material spray are used on the mark after skin is marked with an oil based marking pen, and skin marking materials on the market are used as well. We compared the methods of preserving the skin mark. The results are (1) it was effective to remove oil from skin before marking. (2) the adhesive tape and the plastic bandage material spray were useful for skin marking drawn with an oil based marking pen. (3) the skin marking materials on the market were useful as well. (4) it is necessary to use properly the skin marking materials depending on the condition of skin. Most of all, it is essential to inform patients on the importance of skin marking in clinical radiotherapy.
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NAOKI NISHIMOTO, KENJI HORITA, TOMOHIRO HOSOI, KATSUHIKO OGASAWARA
Article type: Article
2003 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages
1303-1308
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It is usually difficult for a beginner to understand precisely and quickly the three-dimensional (3D) construction of gastric lesions in a gastric X-ray examination with barium meal. In this study, a training-use stomach phantom was developed using the stomach segment to provide beginners with an understanding of 3D stomach construction. The hook-shaped phantom (the shape of the stomach when a patient is in the supine position) was formed by using styrene, wire, and clay. It was then coated with dental stiffening agent, and wires were attached along the stomach segment. After drying, the stomach phantom was cut off and the oil clay was removed. The phantom then was immersed in water and the oil clay was dried. After that, the phantom again was glued together with a dental stiffening agent. The usefulness of the phantom was determined by an evaluation experiment. Ten students, as observers, were selected randomly for evaluation from 40 students of the Department of Radiological Technology, College of Medical Technology, Hokkaido University. Eight films were shown to the observers, 4 films with segment and 4 films without segment. The observers checked 5 markers in different positions of the phantom and recorded the results on an answer sheet with segment picture. The significance of position recognition was identified by Wilcoxon's sign rank sum test (p=0.02l) between the segment film and non-segment film.
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Article type: Appendix
2003 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages
1309-1311
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1314-1317
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2003 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages
1317-1321
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Article type: Appendix
2003 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages
1322-1324
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Article type: Cover
2003 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages
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