Japanese Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Online ISSN : 2186-1579
Print ISSN : 0021-5163
ISSN-L : 0021-5163
Volume 55, Issue 1
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
Preface
Invited review article
  • Ichiro SAITO
    2009 Volume 55 Issue 1 Pages 2-10
    Published: January 20, 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: July 05, 2012
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Oxidative damage to the gland was measured by 8-OHdG and HEL using the Sjögren's syndrome(SS)saliva. In addition, LDH and mitochondrial(m)-GOT, both general markers for cell damage, were also analyzed.Increased levels of 8-OHdG and HEL were found in the saliva from SS patients, but not in those from patients with other salivary gland dysfunction or those of healthy individuals. Levels of LDH and m-GOT were significantly correlated with 8-OHdG and HEL levels respectively. Furthermore, the increased levels of 8-OHdG and HEL were also correlated in the SS saliva. These findings suggested the involvement of oxidative stress in glandular tissue destruction in SS. It was indicated that the detection of 8-OHdG and HEL in the saliva may become a useful tool for the diagnosis of SS.
    Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)reactivation is thought as a causative factor for SS. However, the physiological stimuli responsible for the EBV activation in the patients have not been characterized. 2, 3, 7, 8-tetracholorodibenzo(p)dioxin, (TCDD)and certain polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are widespread environmental pollutants that are designated human carinogenes, immunomodulator and virus activator. We used the firefly luciferase plasmids connected with promoters of BZLF1, indispensable and sufficient for viral reactivation, and CYP1A1, target gene for aryl hydrocarbon receptor(AhR). We have found that xenobiotics bound AhR upregulated the BZLF1 promoter activity in salivary epithelial cells, HSY. This result suggested that dioxins might activate EBV reactivation in epithelial cells. Next, to confirm the effect of dioxins for the pathogenesis of SS, we analyzed promoter activity of CYP1A1 in saliva from SS(n = 10)and control individuals(n = 10). The average CYP1A1 activity induced by SS saliva(3.56-fold)was higher than by control saliva(1.61-fold). Moreover, a significant correlation was observed between the level of CYP1A1 and BZLF1 promoter activities, and the amount of EBV DNA in each saliva sample of SS patients was parallel to the BZLF1 promoter activity. These results suggest that xenobiotics activated AhR in SS saliva might enhance the EBV reactivation in salivary epithelial cells.
    Stem cell based-therapy is a promising treatment for patients suffering from severe dry mouth. We identified side population cells(SP cells), which are highly enriched for stem cell activity, in salivary glands to apply them for the cell therapy of hypofunction in the damaged glands. Submandibular gland cells from the fractions of side population cells(SP cells)and main population cells(MP cells)were sorted on a flow cytometry into tubes. We also analyzed differential gene expressions between SP and MP cells by cDNA microarray. In addition, to examine whether SP cell transplantation can recover the function of the glands, we isolated SP cells from submandibular glands of transgenic mice expressing green fluorescent protein(GFP)and transplanted them into mice with hypofunction in the glands induced by irradiation. By cDNA microarray, we could identify a SP cell-specific gene in salivary glands. Furthermore, SP cell transplantation enabled recovery from the hypofunction in the irradiated glands, although the transplanted cells were only sparsely distributed in the glands of the recipient mice, suggesting that soluble factors secreted from SP cells are possibly involved in the rescue of secretory function. Our data suggests that SP cell transplantation is available for the recovery of secretory function in damaged glands.
    Download PDF (1562K)
  • Yoichi NAKAGAWA
    2009 Volume 55 Issue 1 Pages 11-18
    Published: January 20, 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: July 05, 2012
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    All of the persons who attended the Dry Mouth Clinic at Tsurumi University Dental Hospital complaining of dry mouth sensation were regarded to be dry mouth patients even if no hyposalivation was apparent. The management of dry mouth patients at the Dry Mouth Clinic is herein described. This study addressed two subjects, namely, the effectiveness of cevimeline hydrochloride on saliva secretion for Sjögren's syndrome patients, and the effectiveness of using a night guard for the treatment of sleep related dry mouth.
    There was a female preponderance among the dry mouth patients and the most common age group was individuals in their 60's. Dry mouth(44.1 %)was the most frequent complaint, followed by pain(28.7 %). It was noteworthy that 70 % of all dry mouth patients had pain, such as a burning mouth sensation. Oral candidiasis was the most important causes of the pain in most dry mouth patients. Sjögren's syndrome(SS)was diagnosed according to either the Japanese or American-European diagnostic criteria and 7 % of the dry mouth patients fulfilled these criteria. In other cases, the causes of dry mouth were complex and the cause of hyposalivation could not be easily determined.
    Cevimeline hydrochloride, a muscarinic(M3)receptor agonist, is widely used as a secretagogue for SS patients. However, the correlation between the severity of SS and the effectiveness of cevimeline has not been well documented. The current results demonstrated a relationship between the effect of cevimeline on saliva secretion and the degree of salivary gland destruction as evaluated by sialography and the histopathological findings in the labial minor salivary glands. These diagnostic approaches could provide useful prognostic information on the efficacy of cevimeline in SS patients.
    Nocturnal xerostomia is a sensation of dry mouth associated with a complaint of either mouth and/or throat discomfort which thus causes individuals to have to wake up in the middle of the night in order to drink water. The application of a night guard is a useful and simple method for the management of nocturnal xerostomia. This device is fabricated from a soft material, which is often used as a sports mouth guard or as a night guard for the treatment of nighttime bruxism and it covers the dental arch and the hard palate. This device may be useful even for SS patients.
    Download PDF (1243K)
Case report
  • UENO Yasuhiro, Yasuhiro JINBU, Yasuhisa SHINOZAKI, Mikio KUSAMA
    2009 Volume 55 Issue 1 Pages 19-21
    Published: January 20, 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: July 05, 2012
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A 56-year-old woman presented with a mass in the lower lip, which she had first noticed several months previously. Because the lesion gradually enlarged and was accompanied by tenderness, she visited her family dentist and was referred to our hospital. An elastic, hard mass in the lower lip, approximately 10 mm in diameter, was identified. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a lesion with high signal intensity and a central region of low signal intensity on T2-weighted imaging. The mass lesion was surgically resected for a clinical diagnosis of benign tumor. The resected lesion was pale yellow. Histopathologically, actinomycotic colonies were identified. The diagnosis was actinomycosis.
    Download PDF (4142K)
  • Ryuji NAKAYAMA, Kentaro HOSHI , Naruo OKADA, Yasuhisa SHINOZAKI, Yoshi ...
    2009 Volume 55 Issue 1 Pages 22-24
    Published: January 20, 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: July 05, 2012
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Myofibroma is a rare benign proliferation of fibroblastic tissue occurring exclusively in infants and children. Myofibroma rarely arises in the oral and maxillofacial region. We report a case of a myofibroma-like tumor arising in the tongue of a 50-year-old man. He had noticed gradual swelling of the right side of the tongue. Two weeks later he was referred to our hospital for treatment. A soft elastic mass arising in the right margin of the tongue, measuring 10 ×10 ×12 mm, was recognized. Surgical resection of the tumor was performed with the patient under local anesthesia. Immunohistochemical staining was very useful for establishing the diagnosis of a myofibroma-like tumor. This tumor was positive for vimentin and HHF-35 and negative for desimin. The patient has shown no signs of recurrence during 1 year of follow-up.
    Download PDF (2508K)
  • Kaori IGAWA, Koichi TAKAMORI, Yusaku SUEHIRO, Maho YOSHIDA, Hideo KURO ...
    2009 Volume 55 Issue 1 Pages 25-28
    Published: January 20, 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: July 05, 2012
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Sialolithiasis occurs frequently in the submandibular gland, but rarely in the parotid gland.
    The case of a 38-year-old woman with a calculus in the duct of the parotid gland is reported. CT and sialography showed a stone located in the extraglandular duct at the anterior edge of the masseter muscle.
    The patient underwent an intraoral operation to remove the stone in the left cheek. Although calculi in the posterior portion of the extraglandular duct are usually removed by external incision, the extraoral approach often causes facial nerve injury, salivary fistula, and facial scars. Therefore, we used an intraoral approach. The postoperative course was uneventful.
    Download PDF (2631K)
  • Mizuki OHASHI, Hiroshi NAKAJIMA, Chieko MASUDA, Wakako SUMIMOTO, Yuka ...
    2009 Volume 55 Issue 1 Pages 29-33
    Published: January 20, 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: July 05, 2012
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    To prevent the mandibular third molar from dropping into the pterygomandibular space after extraction of this tooth, it is important to understand the local anatomy. We studied the lingual cortical bone in patients with impacted mandibular third molars on CT scans and classified the bone into three groups: GroupI, cortical bone defect; GroupII, cortical bone thinning; and Group III, normal cortical bone. Among 134 impacted mandibular third molars studied, 15(11.2 %), 36(26.9 %), and 83(61.9 %)were classified into GroupsI, II, andIII, respectively. In GroupsI andII(38.1 %), the risk of the mandibular third molar dropping into the pterygomandibular space was considered high. The relation between the state of the lingual cortical bone and the depth of the impacted molar was examined on 114 panoramic radiographs. According to Winter’s classification of molar depth, the numbers of molars in A, B, and C position were 15, 23, and 10, respectively, among the 48 impacted mandibular third molars in GroupsI andII. There was no correlation between the state of the lingual cortical bone and molar depth. In conclusion, CT is useful for preventing the mandibular third molar from dropping into the pterygomandibular space during extraction of impacted mandibular molars.
    Download PDF (1628K)
feedback
Top