Mandibular reconstruction and dental rehabilitation are challenging procedures for oral and maxillofacial surgeons. It still remains a controversial issue whether dental implant supported prosthesis after jaw reconstruction truly contributes to improvement of postoperative function such as swallowing, speech, and mastication. Another unresolved issue is that the indication of dental implant supported prosthesis in the reconstructed jaws is not unified. This short clinical review shows the proportion of patients who could wear removal prosthesis or dental implant supported prosthesis in the reconstructed mandibles, and discuss the current limitations and perspectives of dental rehabilitation in patients who underwent mandibular reconstructions.

Pseudogout is arthrosis caused by the deposition of calcium pyrophosphate dehydrate (CPPD), most cases of which present in the knee, wrist or hand. We report a case of pseudogout with widespread progression from the superior joint space of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) to the subcutaneous region. A 72-year-old man was referred to our hospital with the chief complaint of swelling around the right TMJ. The interincisal distance was 48 mm without pain. There was no history of TMJ disorder, trauma or systemic joint disease. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed an approximately 20 mm neoplastic lesion outside the right condylar head. Ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration showed that there were crystalline materials with weak birefringence in the neoplastic lesion, leading to a diagnosis of pseudogout. He underwent a removal of the tumorous mass under general anesthesia. The result of histopathologic examination was similar to the cytological finding. Clinical symptoms disappeared after surgery. There have been no signs of recurrence in over 1-year of follow-up.

Dermoid cysts occur commonly in the soft tissues of the head and neck but seldomly in the jaw. We report a rare case of a dermoid cyst in the mandible. A 19-year-old woman was referred to our department for further evaluation of the mandible. Panoramic radiography showed a radiolucent mandibular lesion. Computed tomography revealed a cystic lesion in the anterior region of the mandible. A mandibular cyst was clinically diagnosed, prompting the complete excision of the lesion under general anesthesia. The definitive histopathological diagnosis was dermoid cyst. The patient showed no signs of recurrence one year and two months following the operation.

Sclerosing odontogenic carcinoma (SOC) is a tumor that was positioned as an independent odontogenic carcinoma in the 2017 WHO classification. Fifteen cases have been reported since SOC was first reported by Koutlas in 2008. As the tumor grows, it shows hypoesthesia in the chin and resorption of cortical bone in the jaw. The patient was a 59-year-old man undergoing treatment for heart failure. He was referred to our department for the purpose of oral hygiene management. We found a pedunculated raised lesion in the left mandible. We diagnosed a mandible tumor and extracted the tumor under general anesthesia. Histopathological findings indicated SOC. We performed an additional mandibular marginal resection and made a final diagnosis of SOC mixed with a fibro-osseous lesion, since nerve infiltration was observed in HE staining. Neither recurrence nor metastasis was detected one year and nine months following the second operation.

Angiolipoma is a benign tumor that shows a mixture of adipose tissue and hemangioma-like lesion histologically. It frequently occurs in the trunk and limbs, and it is very rare in the lip. We report a case of angiolipoma of the upper lip. The patient was a 28-year-old woman who was referred to our hospital because of a mass in the right upper lip. A painless elastic-soft tumor was found under the mucosa of the right upper lip. The skin and mucosa just above the swelling was normal. MRI showed an unclearly demarcated lesion measuring 13 × 11 × 5 mm in the right upper lip with a mixed pattern of high and low intensity on T1- and T2-weighted images. An incisional biopsy was performed under local anesthesia, and the histopathological diagnosis was angiolipoma. Based on this diagnosis, the tumor was resected under general anesthesia. Immunohistochemical examination revealed CD31, CD34, α-SMA and VEGF positive cells in the tumor. There has been no recurrence one year after surgery.