The present study was undertaken to elucidate the intrathalamic fiber connections of the posterior ventral nuclei of the thalamus. Localized stereotaxic lesions were placed in various parts of these nuclei in 13 cats, and the ensuing terminal degeneration in the dorsal thalamic nuclei were studied by the Nauta and Gygax method.
Within the posterior ventral nuclei, the posteromedial and posterolateral ventral nuclei are diffferentiated. The posteromedial ventral nucleus is further divided into the medial parvocellular and the lateral main parts. The posterior ventral nuclei have intrathalamic connections to the surrounding thalamic nuclei, in addition to cortical projections. Regarding the intrathalamic connections from different parts of the posterior ventral nuclei some differences in termination are noted. The medial part of the posteromedial ventral nucleus, regarded as a thalamic relay station in the gustatory paths, sends fibers profusely to the intralaminar nuclei in a wide sense, including the centre médian and parafascicular nuclei, and are connected across the midline with the paracentral and lateral central nuclei and the medial part of the posteromedial ventral nucleus on the opposite side. It should be mentioned that the rhomboid and medial ventral nuclei are not only pierced by decussating fibers, but also receive terminal fiders from the medial part of the posteromedial ventral nucleus. This part sends a limited number of fibers to the lateral part of the posteromedial ventral nucleus and the other ventral nuclei, including the submedial nucleus, as well as to the dorsal medial, posterior lateral and suprageniculate nuclei, but gives off no fibers to the medial and lateral geniculate bodies or the medial and inferior pulvinar nuclei.
The lateral main part of the posteromedial ventral nucleus and the posterolateral ventral nucleus are considered to be thalamic relay centers for somatic sensibility. The former sends fibers to the other ventral nuclei, viz. the posterolateral ventral, lateral ventral, medial ventral and submedial nuclei. It also gives off fibers to the intralaminar nuclei in a wide sense, the lateral part of the dorsal medial nucleus and the posterior lateral, suprageniculate and medial pulvinar nuclei, but send scarcely any fibers to the medial and lateral geniculate bodies. It sends no decussating fibers to the contralateral dorsal thalamus.
The dorsolateral part of the posterolateral ventral nucleus sends fibers to the posterior lateral, inferior pulvinar, suprageniculate nuclei and the lateral geniculate body, particularly its ventral nucleus. It also gives off fibers to the lateral part of the posteromedial ventral nucleus and the lateral ventral nucleus, but sends no fibers to the medial part of the posteromedial ventral nucleus or the dorsal medial, medial pulvinar, submedial and medial ventral nuclei. In addition, it gives rise to neither decussating fibers to the contralateral side nor terminal fibers to the midline nuclei. The dorsolateral part sends only few fibers to the intralaminar nuclei in a wide sense.
The ventromedial part of the posterolateral ventral nucleus sends more abundant fibers to the intralaminar nuclei in a wide sense and the posteromedial ventral, medial ventral and submedial nuclei than does the dorsolateral part, but gives off a lesser amount of fibers to the lateral geniculate body and the inferior pulvinar and lateral ventral nuclei. It sends fibers to the posterior lateral and suprageniculate nuclei, and only few fibers to the medial geniculate and dorsal medial nuclei which receive no fibers from the dorsolateral part.

抄録全体を表示

The purpose of the work described below was to see the distribution of cell-tissue catalase. In this present investigation, rabbits were immunized with the mixture of purified beef liver catalase and Freund's incomplete adjuvant. The tissue specimens were prepared from the normal mouse liver, hypocatalasemic mouse liver and normal human red cells by means of the fluorescent labelled antibody technique.
The results are summarized as follows:
The fluorescent cells containing antibody were recognized in the entire normal cell tissues except nuclei, and there was a decrease of the specific fluorescence in the hypocatalasemic cells as compared with the normal.

抄録全体を表示

The oxidation of hemoglobin with ascorbic acid gives formation to choleglobin. In these reaction processes, catalase decomposes H₂O₂ and inhibits choleglobin formation. In this experiment, we compared the degree of hemoglobin oxidation in human acatalasemic blood to that in human hypocatalsemic and normal blood.
Results obtained were as follows:
Choleheme increased with decrease in protoheme at the initial stage. After a certain time of the reaction, however, the formation of choleheme remained stationary and the formation of choleglobin was lower in the hypocatalasemic blood than the acatalasemic blood and in the case of the normal blood it was the lowest.

抄録全体を表示

Conducting the immuno-epidemiological study of hemagglutination inhibiting antibody (HI antibody in short) titer in this disease patients and epidemiological study of outbreak of patients in Okayama prefecture noted for this disease prevallence, the following results were obtained.
1) The level of HI antibody titer in the serum of many inhabitants in the southern part in Okayama prefecture increased by J. E. vaccine inoculation to them and revealed the immunity strengthened, of inhabitants, from this disease, although HI antibody in 21% inhabitants in number yet stayed at the value, below 1:10.
2) Morbidity rate of vaccinated inhabitants was 1/2.0 as high as that of non-vaccinated and the difference between the two rates was siginificant within 0.1% level proving the evident effect of vaccination, and the ratio of mortality rate between vaccinated and non-vaccinated was also 1/2.1 showing samely the difference significant.
3) Annual variation in morbidity rate of vaccinated inhibitants paralleled with that in non-vaccinated inhabitants, and the effect of vaccination was especially high in pupils in the southern part of the prefecture and old men in the northern part.
4) Outbreak of J. E. was usually influenced by the number of hazardous mosquitos under various environmental conditions and the number of the vaccinated inhabitants in that region, for the vaccination effect on this disease was not absolute but relative to the ratio between the numbers of the vaccinated and non-vaccinated.
5) It was observed that the higher ratio between the number of vaccinated and non-vaccinated, the lower morbidity rate.
6) Morbidity rate of inhabitants at the age of 5-14 in the southern part of Okayama prefecture became lower after having received vaccination. The rate of receiving vaccination was higher in pupils than in inhabitant of any other stages of age.
7) Morbility rate in the southern part of Okayama prefecture has decreased in recent years and that in the northern part of Okayama prefecture has increased after 1960, and on the other hand, morbility rate of pupils in the former part has markedly decreased and that of the old in the latter part has increased after 1960.
It is considered that these above phenomena are due to cleaning up of various environmental conditions by the rapid industrization in the southern part of Okayama prefecture and the superior effect of vaccination.

抄録全体を表示

In vitro synthesis of RNA was carried out with SV40-DNA, mostly form I, as a template by using DNA-dependent RNA polymerase from E. Coli A 19. physicochemical analysis and electron microscopic observation of the synthesized RNA were made to clarify its molecular form and size, and following results have been obtained.
1. The reaction products of the in vitro RNA synthesis had a broad distribution of sedimentation coefficient covering from 10 S to 28 S with a peak at 16 S determined by sucrose density gradient sedimentation.
2. RNA synthesized in Vero cells infected with SV40 had also a broad distribution of sedimentation coefficient ranging from 10 S to 28 S.
3. Electron microscopy of the in vitro synthesized RNA revealed a single stranded linear structure. Histogram of length distribution of the RNA showed a peak at the molecular length between 1 to 2μ, corresponding to the molecular weight of 1.08-2.16×10⁶ dalton. Small RNA with a molecular length less than 1.0 or 0.3μ and large RNA with a molecular length of 2.0-4.0μ, rarely 4.5μ, were also observed.
4. The transcription under the present condition was considered to be made along a whole circle of the template DNA measuring 1.5-1.6μ in the contour length or a part of it such as 2/3-1/2-1/3 of the circle, occationally 2-3 rounds of the circle.

抄録全体を表示