In the present study, clinical and roentgenologic assessment of subtrochanteric osteotomies (Froelich, Iino, and Schanz) for irreducible congenital dislocation of the hip was carried out in 25 joints of 19 cases which were followed out of 34 cases. They were the patients with highly congenital dislocation of the hips but without any previous treatment and operated at the Kojikaen (Hospital and Home for the Crippled Children in Kochi Prefecture) from 1956 to 1962, while the short term follow-up study was made by Dr. Y. Kato in 1964. The results were summarized as follows.
1) Postoperative evaluation of 19 cases according to Kato's method confirmed that there were no cases in excellent, 8 cases (42.1%) in good, 8 cases (42.1%) in fair, 2 cases (10.5%) in tolerable and one case (5.3%) in poor. Good and fair cases were clinically satisfactory but one poor case was re-operated by resection angulation osteotomy (Milch) due to severe coxalgia.
2) In the roentgenologic examinations, most of the cases showed that the osteotomized angles increased up to the corrected angles at the time immediately after the operation, although decrease of the angles was detected at the short term evaluation by Dr. Kato. The recovery of the osteotomized angles can be related to the satisfactory results in the clinical courses during the long term of about 15 years (mean).
3) There were no cases with disability in ADL because of deformities or instabilities in the knee joints regardless of different levels of the osteotomies.
5) It can be concluded that the subtrochanteric osteotomy is indicated for the patients with highly congenital dislocation of the hips especially at the ages from 10 to 20 years old. Resection angulation osteotomy (Milch) seemed to be most useful for the treatment of such old cases with severely congenital dislocation of the hips.

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Human calcaneus was taken from twelve amputated limbs. Specimens were embedded in polyester resin and serial section in frontal, sagittal and horizontal plane were carried out. Microradiographic examination of each section was used to study the contour of the calcaneus, the density and arrangement of the bone trabeculae.
The results were summarized as followings:
1, The most characteristic architecture was observed in the sagittal plane. The trabeculae were divided into five groups; (a) trabeculae originated vartically from the facies articularis talaris posterior and reached to the tuber calcanei. (b) trabeculae originated from upper part of the facies articularis cuboidea and reached to the lower part of the tuber calcanei. These trabeculae arranged in an arch form whose apex was just under the sulcus calcanei. (c) trabeculae showed reversed curvature of the (b) trabeculae. (d) trabeculae run parallel to the posterior contour of the tuber calcanei. The trabeculae had the width of about 5 mm. (e) trabeculae originated from the sulcus calcanei and run downwars rather diversely.
2. These findings indicated that the trabeculae of the five groups had different function in each; (a) supported body weight, (b) was a part of the longitudinal foot arch, (c) supported (b), (d) corresponded to tension force of the Achilles tendon and (e) corresponded to tension force of the Iig. talocalcaneum interosseum as well as bending force which acted on the sustentaculum tali.
3. From these observations it was suggested that the trabecular architecture of the calcaneus was not influenced by dynamic factors but corresponded to static forces i.e. body weight as well as support of the longitudinal foot arch.

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Twelve pairs of the tibia and the fibula were taken from amputated limbs. The specimens were embedded in polyester resin and serial sections were made in frontal, sagittal and horizontal planes. Microradiographic survey of each section was carried out in order to observe the outer contour of the bones and the density as well as the arrangement of the bone trabeculae.
The results were summarized as followings:
1, Trabeculae of the distal part of the tibia and the fibula were divided into five groups; central group, both malleolar groups, shoulder of the medial malleolus group and base of the lateral malleolus group.
2, The central group was seen in the facies articularis inferior of the tibia. The trabeculae originated from the metaphyseal cortex and reached to the epiphyseal plate. From the epiphyseal plate, dense trabeculae ran vertically to the articular surface.
3, In the both malleoli, trabeculae arranged along the outer contour of the tibia as well as the fibula. Moreover the trabeculae radiated from insertions of ligaments and joint capsule.
4, In the shoulder of the medial malleolus, several thicker trabeculae were oriented transversely.
5, At the base of the lateral malleolus where tibiofibular ligament attached, thick trabeculae were originated from the medial surface of the fibular cortex transversely. Moreover the epiphyseal plate of the fibula and the thick lateral cortex situated also in this part.
6, These findings of trabecular architecture indicated that each group had its own function:
a) The central group supported the vertical compression force of body weight.
b) The trabeculae of both malleoli corresponded with tension which was acted by inversion as well as eversion of the talus.
c) Trabeculae of the shoulder of the medial malleolus and base of the lateral malleolus corresponded with bending force.

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A survey of the ECG findings (Minnesota Code) in 1906 cases was performed in Okayama Prefecture since 1966 with follow-up till 1976.
1) The blood pressure, especially diastolic blood pressure, was well controlled with adequate antihypertensive therapy.
2) It was rare to alter to other ECG codes in those who had initially shown code 3 combined with code 4 and/or code 5.
3) During the period studied, there were little or no changes in ECG code of individuals showing code 4 in the initial study.
4) Code 5 was found more frequently in female, and restoration of the code to normal ECG (code 1-0) occurred in a considerable population during the follow-up.
5) Out of 918 subjects, 307 male and 611 female, the mean values of blood pressure during the second half (1971-1976) was lower in majority of subjects with a moderate or severe hypertension compared to those in the first half (1966-1970).
6) Along with an elevation in blood pressure, code 1-0 in ECG decreased and the codes for left ventricular hypertrophy increased.
7) Among the 741 cases who had ECG code 1-0 in 1966, the prevalence rate of the code was 77.1% in 1970 and only 57.2% in 1976.
8) Out of those starting out in ECG code 1-0 in 1966 and showing normal blood pressure, urinalysis and physical examination during the survey, 84.9% remained in ECG code 1-0 in 1976.

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In order to elucidate the increase in cervical dilatability and softening towards the end of gestation, the relationship between the changes in the extensibility and proteins, collagen contents and amino acid compositions of the uterine cervix in rats was studied.
1. Water-soluble proteins increased from the beginning of gestation to approximately third day of pregnancy, after then decreased gradually to the 20th day. Changes of total protein which was measured after solved by 1N NaOH was found to be similar to that of water-soluble proteins. On the other hand, 0.45M NaCl-soluble proteins increased gradually during gestation, whereas gel electrophoresis pattern of nonpregnant and 20th day of pregnancy showed the same pattern. This indicates the qualitative changes of cervical proteins during gestation.
2. In the cervix at 20th day of pregnancy, on the amino acid composition, Hydroxyproline values by which collagen was characterized were 69.5% of those in the nonpregnant cervix, whereas upon certain amino acids, Glycine and Glutamic acid, no significant change was observed. This indicates the decline of collagen and the increase of noncollagenous proteins.
3. Estriol caused some decrease in the water-soluble proteins and 1N NaOH-soluble total proteins of cervix of the 15th day pregnant rats, whereas increase in the 0.45M NaCl-soluble proteins, and on amino acid composition similar to that of 20th day pregnant rats. This indicates the stimulating effect of estriol on ripening of the uterine cervix in rats.
4. From these findings changes of proteins, collagen contents and amino acid composition of the uterine cervix in rats is generally similar to the changes of extensibility during gestation, thus it is assumed that the protein metabolism is intimately related with ripening of cervix uteri.

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Simian virus 40 nucleoprotein complexes (SV40 chromatin) have a nucleosome structure similar to that of cellular chromatin and serve as a useful model system for studying structure and function of cellular chromatin. It is the purpose of this study to clarify the molecular forms of SV40 chromatin and their functional changes. African green monkey kidney cells (CV-1) were infected with SV40 and bulk- or pulse-labeled with [³H] thymidine. SV40 chromatin was isolated under various conditions from these cell nuclei and examined by electron microscopy. When SV40 chromatin was extracted with a hypertonic salt-Triton X-100 solution from the nuclei isolated by treatment with a hypotonic ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) solution, the majority of SV40 chromatin molecules had a relaxed form showing a typical bead-like structure of nucleosomes. Most of these molecules were found to be derived from disrupted virions. When the extraction was performed under mild conditions in a near isotonic solution by no pretreatment with EDTA, SV40 chromatin and virions were separated in different fractions by sucrose density gradient centrifugation. The majority of these SV40 chromatin molecules had a condensed form. These molecules can be relaxed through various intermediate forms by treatment with a hypotonic or 0.6M NaCl solution. Replicating SV40 chromatin was sedimented faster than mature SV40 chromatin and showed the relaxed form. SV40 chromatin isolated from purified virion by alkali treatment showed the relaxed form. The relaxed molecules were condensed and their template activity for transcription was strongly inhibited by binding with histone Hl.

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Recently a study on vibration disorder among chain saw operators has been developed rapidly, while the number of workers suffering from vibration disorder has been increasing.
It is one of the most important disposal as health care among chain saw operators to leave a worker with disorders off using a chain saw. The author discussed on results of health examination for chain saw operators performed before and after the disposal introduced in 1973. Two hundred and six examinees were divided into five groups classified by clinical findings of Raynaud's phenomenon, types of work after leaving off a chain saw work and medical care.
The results were as follows:
1) It was not effective for a worker with Raynaud's phenomenon to leave off a chain saw operation.
2) It was also not effective for an elder worker with long term experience of a chain saw operation to leave off the work.
3) It was effective for a worker without abnormal findings on X-ray film of the elbow to stop using a chain saw.
The author concluded that the disposal of leaving off a chain saw operation should be provided before appearance of Raynaud's phenomenon and a change from operating a chain saw to using a hand saw and an axe was not effective for the worker with abnormality on X-ray film of the elbow.

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T-lymphocytes, B-lymphocytes and macrophages in vivo maintain orderly constant immunological adjustment mechanisms by acting with each other in a complex manner. T-lymphocytes, that are main actors of cell-mediated immunity and form the rosette by binding with sheep red blood cells, are by no means a single cell group, and along with functional differentiation they show peculiar markers on the cell surface so that they can be divided into individual subsets.
In view of the fact that an early foreknowledge or diagnosis of immunological behaviors, especially the acute rejection, in the patient transplanted with kidney, would not only lessen disturbances of the transplanted kidney but also it would diminish the danger of subsequent complication, time-lapse measurements were taken frequently of total T-lymphocytes and active T-lymphocytes known to have biological activity using peripheral blood before and after kidney transplantation, and their changes were studied.
The subjects consisted of 22 living related and 9 cadaveric kidney transplantations that we handled in the First Department of Surgery, Okayama University during the period from March 1974 to August 1978. Peripheral blood lymphocytes were isolated by Ficoll-Conray method (a modification of Böyum's method) from 5ml of fresh heparinized blood obtained from kidney-transplanted patients. By the method of Tachibana-Yata the sheep red blood cell suspension was prepared for measuring total T, active T, and B-lymphocytes, and the measurements were taken by the test-tube method of Felsburg et al, -Kerman et al. To total T and active T lymphocytes the nonspecific rosette formation reaction with sheep red blood cells was applied, and to B-lymphocytes the complement binding reaction with complement-sensitized sheep red blood cells was used. The reaction of lymphocytes to sheep red blood cells was conducted in the ratio of about 1:100, and those sheep red blood cells showing the adhesion of over 3 sheep red blood cells were taken as the rosette formation positive cells.
The lymphocyte subpopulation was measured frequently for a long period of time before and after the operation of kidney transplanted patients, and the percentage of total T (Tt), active T (Ta) and B-lymphocytes was calculated, and such a percentage was observed along with changes of clinical symptoms after the kidney transplantation, and these findings were used to serve for the early fore-knowledge of acute rejection crisis or lung infection, and also to serve for the determination of the optimal dose of immuno-suppressive agents. The results are described as follows.
1) The test results by the test-tube method with 36 materials from 20 normal individuals are: Tt 60.3±6.1%, Ta 40.2±10.3%, B 21.0±8.0%. The results of 18 cases undergoing hemodialysis prove to be Tt 52.3±8.8% (p<0.01), Ta 32.5±10.6% (p<0.02), and B 25.0±9.7%.
2) In those cases showing favorable progress after kidney transplantation there can be observed a marked decrease in Tt and Ta ratios, which gradually show a recovery tendency after 3 months, but the decrease of T-lymphocyte level continues for a fairly long period of time. Especially the decrease of Ta level is markedly prolonged.
3) Four to 9 days before the onset of acute renal rejection Tt and Ta showed a significant rise, but by MPSS-high-dosage treatment there was a rapid decreasing tendency.
4) In those cases having lung infection the decrease of T-lymphocyte level has been continued for a fairly long time before the onset of disease, especially marked is the decrease of Ta level. Those having favorable results after treatment showed a significant rise of T-lymphocyte level, showing a recovery tendency.

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For studies of factors which have influence to Donaggio-titer of α₁-acid glycoprotein and albumin in urine, the effect of running in summer was researched and following results were obtained.
1) Increase in both actual and corrected to a urine density of 1, 024 Donaggio titer was observed in the urine after a marathon running. (P=0.01 throughout all days.)
2) Increase in both actual and corrected urinary α₁-acid glycoprotein was observed with students in the urine after a marathon running.
3) Increase in urinary albumin was observed second and third day of 5 days after a marathon running.
4) Discussion was made on High Level of urinary Donaggio-titer and glycoprotein and albumin. after running in the first day.

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Correlation between Donaggio-titer, on one hand and α₁-acid glycoprotein and albumin on other in the urine of students before, after running was calculated correlation between increasing amounts of Donaggio-titer on one hand and α₁-acid glycoprotein and albumin on the other in the urine of students after running was also calculated.
1) Correlation between values of Donaggio-titer and α₁-acid glycoprotein was nice.
2) Correlation between values of Donaggio-titer and urinary albumin was lower than that between values Donaggio-titer and urinary α₁-acid glycoprotein.
3) Tendency to be correlation between urinary α₁-acid glycoprotein and urinary albumin was observed.
4) Regression between of Donaggio-titer on one hand and urinary α₁-acid glycoprotein and urinary albumin on the other was made.
5) From above results it was concluded that Donaggio-titer in urine before and after a hard running was estimated from the concentration of ruinary α₁-acid glycoprotein and urinary albumin.

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Author devised a simple Donaggio-Sato Reaction using a hemo aglutination board instead of the test-tube, and obtained the following results.
1) Value obtained from Donaggio Reaction and that from this devised method had a good relation each other.
2) This Reaction method was confirmed to be utilized enough well to all members of a mass examination.
3) Statistically significant increase in. both Donaggio Reaction value and α₁-acid glycoprotein in the urine of students just after their routine exercise of running suggested that Donaggio Reaction positive substance and α₁-glycoprotein have an intimate relationship between them.

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