Since August 1951 to Feb. 1953, there was a great epidemic of serious infectious hepatitis over the area including Toyota, Onoda, Kama villages in Akaiwa County, as well as Kumayama village in wake County; observing its state, the following results were obtained.
1. Death toll has amounted to 13, out of 93 patients: its mortality rate, 13.98%; in number of the patients, Kama at the top, next, Toyoda, Onoda and Kumayama village, in literal order.
2. The epidemic took the direction, from the south extending to the north in a slow march, taking a hamlet as unit, showed a lack of specific seasonal occurence.
3. As to age, it has ranged roughly from 10 to 60, amid which 21-30 figured out as top years; below 10, only 4 cases; above 70, 5 cases. As to sex, almost similar in number.
4. As to profession, principally, farming people; as one can suppose from its locality. In making investigations into the cause of disease. certain consideration must be taken on the great responsibility imposed on farmers' wives.
5. The infection for this disease was classified as village infection or familiary infection; among 22 cases (23.4% of total patients) of familary infection, there were 4 families, each yielding even 3 sickened members; 5 families whose two members taken infection; in total, amnunted to 9 families. Among these tribal infection, report has been submitted about 1 family whose infection tract was clearly traced, as well as a family in which, if man did not expose certain inapparent infections, all cases have proved utterly whimsical.
6. The incubation period for this disease may probably be estimated to be about 24-27 days, if it may be supposed from these infectious state, and would be considered perorale infection.

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Comparing the epidemic of infectious hepatitis that took place in Toyoda, Onoda, as well as Kumayama in Akaiwa County, during the period ranging from march 1951 to sept. do., with the previous report on the epidemic of malignant hepatitis submitted by february 1951, following results were obtained:
1. Number of patients, 120; total ever since the first. occurence, 213 cases; For the total populace, rate of occurence, Toyoda-39%, Onoda-3.1%, Kama-mura, 2.4%.
2. As for the type of disease. contrary to the previous occasion in which typical form was predominant, this time saw the predominaney of abortive form, of which the mortality rate proved only 0.83%, in comparison to 13.9% estimated in the former time.
3. As for state of starting estimated by month, as previous occasion, maximum occurrence took place in July and August.
4. As for age, showing similar trend as before, 21-30 occupying most cases, evenly has diffused from 10 to 60. There were actually 7 cases that were above 61, which verifies that contamination in old age is not so seldom.
5. As has been in the previous occasion, as to state of contamination, what may be called village infection occupied the majority of cases; where, a special increase of familiary infection has drawn our attention, amounting to the rate of 38.3%, in comparison to former 20.4%, Which, as the infection spread itself, increases in number.
6. Familiary infection may be explained by propagated epidemic form. Its three cases had been delivered.
7. On taking a bird's'-eye-view over the whole area that was infected, the special phase for this season will come under two heads; area in which new patients have emerged around those affected formerly., and the other, which has been contaminated with a fixed current toward areas not yet. infected. The latter is considered to take shift into the former form after a while.
8. Though rare, sporadic infection could be found in this epidemic too, each of which was a case infections being pressed onward into uncontaminated area, and 6 out of 9 cases have become the source for later infection. If theses poradic infections were considered in detail, these would be clear to have a connection with that of epidemic places and also able to come under propagated epidemic form.

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The mass examination was carried out in Shakurenji, Kama- Village, Akaiwa Connty, Okayama Pref., where great many deathes have been taken place by infectious hepatitis; results were as follows:
1. 127 persons received the examination; it has covered 94.1% of the entire people.
2. Those who have had jaundice previously were enumerated as 5 cases; as it was just the season when infectious hepatitis was in vogue in other parts of the Prefecture, though slight in degree, it was imagined that probably in the past there might have occurred a few sporadic cases. Among those, 3 were taken record of as new victims of disease,
3. In 6 cases, the patients complained of certain pain, each having some sort of liver disturbance more or less.
4. There were 24 cases in which liver enlargement could be detected; its rate, 18.9%, while splenomegaly been discovered in only one case.
5. Two women in pregnancy were recognized, one sickened case, the other inapparent infection case.
6. As for wide-range judgment taken after the examinaton, must-be-treated case, 5, must-be taken-care-of case 5. inapparent infection 60, 70 in total. percentage of contraction, 55.1%, adding 3 cases starting disease as well as 3 deaths; thus, great total, 76 cases; its rate, 57.1%.
7. Percentage of contraction has proved high in thirties and above 50. By sex, females superseded, but as to age, no definite conclusion could be established.
8. In case those patients exposed would be divided by respective family and investigated, it has been revealed thus:
(a) with families which have used a well in common with the family in which death case or at least patient was found, Percentage of contraction has proved high and almost in like degree, since many were adviced to receive treatment, or, be taken care of.
(b) Families which employed a well in common, were recognized to have proved about the same ratio in infection, containing not a few ought to be treated or taken care of, which suggests us an infection due to a well.
(c) Among the group of families, whose relatives died of this disease, master of the house who had presented himasdlf over the funeral diet has been found to have taken infection alone.

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Executing mass examination for Hieda hamlet, Kama village, Akaiwa county, Okayama pref., results were as follows:
1. Number of people who received the examination; 286 in total, which covers 97.2% of the entire population.
2. There were 12 cases among those examined who have had jaundice in the past; similar to Shakurenii hamlet case, it was also supposed to have experienced certain sporadic cases too, in the past, Among those, 5 cases were rendered to be recoroded, as patients to be included under this head.
3. Patients who complain of conscious pain, 7; they all have had more or less liver disturbances.
4. The liver enlargement has been detected in 62 cases, which amounts to 22.3%, a figure that supersedes that in Shakurenji; splenomegaly was discovered only in 4 cases.
5. No effect has been seen either on pregnancy or delivery.
6. Final decision after the examination; must-be-treated case, 17; must-de-taken-care-of case 23; inapparent infection, 87; total, 127. percentage of contraction, 45.7%. To this, adding 2 mortal cases, attained total 129 cases, which proved 46.3%.
7. Percentage of contraction has proved high with people whose age was above 31; mostly in male, proving an antipodinous contrary to that happened in Shakurenji hamlet.
8. In case those patients exposed would be divided by respective family and investigated, it has been revealed thus.
(a) The infection, though differs in degree, was thought sure to permiate all over the place.
(b) Among relatives who had chance to take diet with the families which bore mortal cases, percentage of contraction proved to be as high as those families, with many people who are in need of treatment or care-taking. Moreover, a new-comer who had taken the post in a same public residence after the death of the presecessor, has been known to have taken infection immediateelv after.
(c) Families which used a well in common with a family certain member of which has been contaminated, gave rise to victims in almost the same rate, which, proved about the same ratio with infected ones who were employing their own well.
(c) Among the families which used a well in common with a family which engendered latent hepatiis the infection rather proved higher than those family group which uses their own well.
(e) Families using a well in common with other family no member of which has been infected, yielded no patient.
(f) Therefore, in this infected area too the infection due to party-meal, or well has been supposed.

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Re-examining 153 cases of infectious hepatitis patients in Akaiwa area, Okayama Prefecture, the result was that some cases seemed to have distinctly shifted to chronic hepatitis, along with cases of latent hepatitis without conscious symptoms, to the extent of about 1/8 of total cases; moreover, there were pretty many who should be taken care of: where, there were few cases of perfect recovery. Besides, 2 cases were recognized which shifted tohepatic cirrhosis, one of which could be given testimony owing to autopsy.
The chronic turn like this was of course seen in serious cases, but even in slightly-affected cases, if thorough treatment was out of use (esp., quiet repose); so that, in its treatment, utmost care should be taken; besides, as to the decision of recovery, one should take resort to every means to ensure it.

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To our Dept., so many patients of liver affections entered, after the War: moreover, in our experiences, their prognosis proved to be altogether bad. Therefore, choosing 8 most serious cases out of many, kept record on their disease as well as experiences. Further, at the same time clarifying that there had already existed such a state after the World War 1, due to bibliography, could interpret our own experience to be similar case, namely, the cause by which this kind of strange phenomenon has occurred may roughly be traced back to the decline of nutriment as well as moral degeneration due to financial panic, special in war-time or post-war time. Consequently, today, when man treats various affections it is necessary for him to take much care about the attitude of the liver.

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This is a report on a male patient aged 35, who had experienced an attack like gall stones in the past, and who, at night on a sudden felt a sharp r. hypothondralgia; next, vomiting came; thus, appeared gall bladder swell as large as a child's fist, and on the fourth day of disease suddenly succumbed under a complication, i.e., diffuse peritonitis; though have conducted a laparotomia, the prognosis proving bad, died; about whom man could not affirm perforated portion macroscopically, but for operation as well as autopsy, Furthermore, for the cause of this disease it might be mentioned such matters as, stagnation of bile caused by a presence of dove's egg size gall stone in the part where common bile duct opens to duodenum; as well as, swell of gall bladder, tention as well as contrary flow of pancreatic juice into biliary tract: besides, infection of escherichia coli in the bile within bile bladder, along with necrosis of gall bladder wall etc.

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By mentioning 5 cases of liver patients who have been accompanied by not only ascites but also pleural fluid, the starting mechanism for ascites has been examined. Now, in order to start ascites, such factors as portal vein congestion, portal vein hypertension, colloidchemical change of blood as well as of ascites, hindrance against water metabolism regulator etc. may be pondered on, yet these alone cannot explain the starting mechanism for those five cases. Rather, as in every case, ascites has started violently immediately after those symptoms suggestive of some infection have appeared, and ascites was a transsudat from the beginning of accumulation, but contains comparatively great amount of protein; as these facts being recognizable, it can be identified that the principal factor was serous inflammation, as H. Eppinger declared. That is to say, at the same time certain kind of toxine so influenced the liver that it has given rise to serous hepatitis, and by injuring portal vein, augmenting its permeability, which, in turn, urged the lay-up of ascites. Furthermore, 3 cases have been studied that were accompanied with pleural fluid as to the factor to start pleural fluid, and so it has been concluded that even on this occasion the like factor in case of ascites should be thought as its starting mechanism too.

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Male, aged 59, who had induced some liver cirrhosis accompanied with pleuro-abdominal fluid, had entered a hospital; after that date, owing to removal of ascites that was conducted twice, as well as removal of pleural fluid conducted once, managed to keep more or less sedate state; but after 3 years, started primary liver cancer. The author, at the same time describing such symptoms and process, have investigated about the mechanism to start ascites, along with pathogenesis to start primary liver cancer.

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Certain examinations were done from the aspect of bile pigment metabolism on those people within whose blood there is found almost no catalase, which has resulted as follows:
1. As the hemoglobin quantity estimated for the patient in this disease proving normal, and urinal propendyopent negative, it would not be perfectly true to say that the physical significance for intra-blood-cell catalase serves only as antidestruction due to hemoglobin against H₂O₂ that has been produced when oxidation in vivo has taken place.
2. In the process to turn bile pigment out of hemoglobin in vitro, when catalase should be in lack, the production of verdohemoglobin feels urged, attaining its height quickly; which, in turn urges a decrease that would happen following it.
3. In the above-mentioned experiment in vitro, generally, l-ascorbic acid helps in main in the production of verdohemoglobin on its initial reaction; successively, participating with velocity toward its destruction, at the brink where verdohemoglobin has reached its top value.
4. The amount respectively of easily split off blood iron, serum iron, as well as blood bilirubin in the tested person's blood, has indicated normal value. Consequently, if it would be surmised from such standpoint as bilirubin metabolism, persons without catalase in their blood might be deemed to be healthy.

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I have succeeded to isolate the Rickettsia like bodies in the protoplasma of Epiteloidcells and Monocytes in the peritoneal fluid of the mouse which had been challenged by five strains.
1) Five strains isolated from rats did not indicate something colonies.
2) Concerning with rabbits. I have recognized the testicular swelling sometimes by intratesticular injection by the 5 strains isolated.
I have tried W. F. R. two or more times. and have found that, Agglutinin tieters against OXK has increased from 1. 80 to about 1 360.
3) Concerning with the Guinea pigs, 5 strains did not occur Neil-mooser reaction by intraperitoneal injection.
4) On the mouse, I have recognized Rickettsia like bodies in the protoplasma of Epitheloidcells and Monocytes when the 5 strains isolated had been injected intraperitonealy.
5) On the rats, 5 strains isolated did not occur Maxcy's phenomenon by its intraperitoneal injection, but has occured consolidation of lung and Rickettsia like bodies were recognized by Giema stains.
So I have determined the 5 strains isolated from rats as Rickettsia orientalis groupe.
I have known that, these Rickettsia strains can be isolated at summer, and do not at winter, spring or autumn from Rattus norvegicus only.

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I have succeeded to isolate 5 strains from Mus decumanus at east Kagawa, and recognized that these strains is similar to Rickettsia orientalis by affinities to some animals and its cultivation tests. I have tried Cross-neutrization and Cross-infection test among 5 strains isolated and Ozeki, Hichito and Karp strains using numerous white mouse.
Concerning with this cross-neutralization test. I have found that, R-IV, R-XXII strains isolated from rats is similar to Ozeki strains than to Hichito and Karp strains, and about crossinfections test, immunized mouse group by R-IV and R-XXII strains has remained without sacrifice from challenge by Ozeki, but many immunized animals has died with challenge by Karp and Hichito stranis.
On the contrary, many immunized mouse by Hichito and Karp strains has occured to death by challenge with the strains isolated.
So I have determind that my strains isolated which is called R-IV and R-XXII strains is similar to Ozeki strains than Hichito or Karp strains as their serological nature.

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The method of the quantitative determination of procaine that has been adopted here is the colorimetric one which modified Brodie's; that is, in place of N (1-naphthyl) ethylendiamine in Brodie's method, more excellent Tsuda's reagent, 1-(ß-diethyl amino ethylamino) naphthalene dihydrochloride, has been used in ours, and buffer of boric acid (pH 9.0) has been used to separate procaine chemically from p-amino benzoic acid, hydrolyzed product of procaine produced by procainc-esterase in our method as well as in Brodie's. The procaine-esterase in 1 ml. of fresh human serum has the activity to he capable of hydrolyzing almost all the procaine hydrochloride 0.01 mg into p-amino benzoic acid and diethylamino ethanol in 4 to 5 minutes at shade temperature (10°C). The older the serum is in an ice stockroom, the more this activity of procaine-esterase in serum decreases. Procaine-esterase is scarcely existing in blood-corpuscles and extracellular fluid, such as fluid in bulla by burns or pleural exudation. Futhermore it is said that the narcotic action of diethylamino ethanol produced by the hydrolysis of procaine is weaker than that of procaine. Therefore it is more suitable for procaine to be used as local anesthesia than intravenous one.

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The distribution or the output in blood or urine of procaine used on surgical operation and its hydrolyzed products has been examined by the method described above. On using 0.875g of procaine hydrochloride as local and splanchnic anesthesia, the blood total amount of the compounds which is showing a diazo-reaction on basis of procaine was maximum during the first two hours, and decreased gradully after then. On the other hand, during these wo hours while the laparotomy was performed, the amount of procaine and its hydrolyzed products showing a diazo-reaction which was discharged into urine was only 0.5% of the total amount having been used here. P-amino benzoic acid, which is one of its hydrolyzed products, almost changed into its acethyl compound. The amount of non-hydrolyzed procaine discharged into urine was about 1% of the total amount which has been used, and almost all of them was discharged within the first six hours after used. The ratio of non-acethyl type of p-amino benzoic acid to acethyl type of p-amino benzoic acid was 1:9 in the first six hours. After the six hours almost all the p-amino benzoic acid was discharged in acetyl ype. The total amount of p-amino benzoic acid and its acethyl type outpoured into urine was 50% of the amount having been used or more in the first six hours, and about 80% in twenty-four hours.

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Procaine hydrochloride 0.1mg was added to the fresh serum 1ml of a surgical patient. After it was kept in an artificial incubator (37°C) for 30 minutes exactly, the amount of non-hydrolyzed procain in it was determined by the method described above. The 1 ml of normal human serum perfectly hydrolyzed 0.1 mg. of procaine hydrochloride in 30 minutes. On the other hand it was recognized that the activity of serum procaine-esterase decreased in some cases of stomach cancer, gastric ulcer, cholecystitis, splenomegaly and so forth. The amount of non-hydrolyzed procaine in these diseases was less than 0.03mg. But it is not always proper to say that the lowering of its activity in serum 1 ml suggests that of the total serum procaine-esterase activity of the same individual. On observing the relationship between hematocrit value and the activity of procaine esterase, the degree of anemia was more or less proportional to the activity of procaine-esterase in serum 1 ml. Furthermore investigating the total volume of circulating blood-plasma at the same time, we obtained the results as follows in the cases of gastric cancer patients, in which the activity of procaineesterase decreased markedly, the plasma volume often increased more than that in normal man. Therefore, in the view-point of the esterase activities of the total circulating plasma volumes, there was little difference between these patients and normal individuals. On the other hand, observing the relation between the amount of serum protein and the activity of procaine-esterase, it was suggested that the more the former decreased, the lower the latter often became, but the both were not always parallel, and also that the lowering of the latter might be related to the derease of albumin content.

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Human serum contains resolved materials of protein and these resolution shows one section of protein metabolism. It is observed that the consumption of protein is clear in patients with cancer, and the quantity of non-heat precipitated protein-like materials increases in certain periods during the course of this disease. The examination of the resolving condition of protein was performed by means of the quantitative analysis of the tyrosine content in non-heat precipitated protein-like materials using the phenol reagent. In comparison with 3.2 mg% (2-5 mg%) which was the average tyrosine level of healthy human serum (10 cases), that of cancer of the lung (3 cases) was 11.2 mg% (8-17 mg%); of the stomach (42 cases) was 8.4 mg% (3-13 mg%); of the breast (8 cases) was 5.8 mg% (2-8 mg); of the rectum (5 cases) was 4.9 mg% (2-8 mg%); and of the sarcoma (5 cases) was 11.8 mg% (8-16 mg%). The tyrosine level of ulcer of the stomach and duodenum (35 cases) was 4.7 mg% (2-8 mg%), and this is lower than the level of cancer of the stomach. The tyrosine level of penetrating ulcer (5 cases), however, was 9.3 mg% (8-12 mg%) and it is higher than that of cancer of the stomach. In such diseases the resolution of protein is supposed to be evident, and this fact suggests hypoproteinemia and shows the necessity of supplying protein prior to operation in order to be favourable prognosis. Futhermore, the fact that the tyrosine level in the terminal stadium of cancer of the stomach with cancerous peritonitis becomes the same with that in healthy condition suggests us to be cautious in making diagnosis in the case of hypoproteinemia and cancer. Moreover, in the case of inflammatory and wasting disease except cancer. for instance, abscess of the lung, tuberculosis of the intestine, that of the kidney, and peripleural abscess, the tyrosine level becomes higher than 7-10 mg%.

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The protein-like materials of gastric juice consists of many kinds of non-heat precipitated mucous materials. By means of the quantitative analysis of the tyrosine levels contained in these materials and the isolated tyrosine level of gastric juice, the resolution of protein in cancer patients has been examined. In the case of the quantitative analysis of the tyrosine in total dissolved mucin and isolated tyrosine using trichlor acetic acid filtrate of gastric juice which was gathered after the subcutaneous injection of histamin, the tyrosine levels in total dissolved mucin in the cases of gastric cancer, gastric ulcer and gastritis were almost all the same. The isolated tyrosine levels in the cases of ulcer and gastritis, however, were 2-11 mg%, while that in the case of the gastric cancer was 9-26 mg%. It means the increase of isolated amino acid in gastric juice of cancer patients. According to Glass, Boyd and so forth, dissolved mucin was classified into mucoprotein and mucoproteose, and quantified the tyrosine levels of each of them. In the case of gastric cancer the tyrosine level of mucoprotein evidently decreased, but that of mucoproteose increased rather than that in the case of ulcer and gastritis. On the other hand the secretory volme of gastric juice showed clear decrease in patients with cancer. Consequently the tyrosine level of secretory mucoprotein (the tyrosine level of mucoprotein mg% × the secretory volume cc.) markedly decreased in the case of gastric cancer in comparison with the cases of ulcer and gastritis: that is, in the cases of gastric cancer the average level was 19 mg. in half an hour and 5 mg in 30 to 60 minutes after histamin injection, while in the cases of ulcer and gastritis the average levels were 201 mg and 107 mg respectively. The tyrosine levels of secretory mucoproteose did not show so clear distinction as that of mucoprotein Then fifteen cases of gastric cancer were classified into the following four groups.
hydrochloric acid the tyrosine level of mucoprotein
Group I (1 case) (+) normal
Group II (3 cases) (-) normal
Group III (7 cases) (-) decrease
Group IV (4 cases) (-) little and impossible to quantitative analysis
Comparing with clinical appearance, the anemia level was the highest in the group IV, which was followed by the group III, that of the group II was the lowest, and no anemia was noticed in the group I. In the view-points of the growth of cancer and indication of gastric resection, radical operations were possible in all the cases of group I, II and in the 4 cases of group III. On the other hand only the exploratory laparotomy was performed in the remaining 3 cases of group III and all the cases of group IV. According to Glass, Boyd, Rubinstein and so forth, mucoprotein is secreted from so-called “mucoid cells” in the neck of gastric gland, and it is similar to Castle's intrinsic factor from the physical and physiological points of view. We often become aware in daily clinical experiences that the degree of anemia is often higher in the case of cancer of stomack than the other viscera such as breast, lung, esophagus, colon, rectum, and so forth. Therefore the deficiency of gastric mucoprotein may be related to the anemia level in gastric cancer patients.

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In order to determine whether or not depot blood cells in the bone marrow are mobilized into the circulating blood at acute hemorrhage, as does the depot blood in other blood depot organs.
Acute bleeding was applied to a rabbit and the change in hemogram of V. untricia femoris was observed. Secondly, an acute bleeding was applied to a rabbit of which the reticuloendothelial system was blocked with India ink, to observe how the blood finding of V. nutricia femoris will be effected and to compare this result with that of the first experiment.
The findings are as follows:
1) When the rabbit was bled to the extent of 15 to 20cc per Kgm., the rate of decrease of red blood cells in the V. nutricia femoris was much less than that in the corresponding A. femoralis. Not only the number did not decrease, but it increased, reaching the peak 1 to 2 hours after the bleeding. Following the increase, however, the number gradually decreases until it becomes almost the same as the number of blood cells in the A. femoralis. The increase of white blood cells is much more rapid and distinct than the rate of increase of the corresponding A. femoralis blood; it marks the same peak as the red blood cell system 1 to 1 and a half hour after the bleeding.
Such an increase of blood cells in V. nutricia femoris is due to the mobilization of marrow depot blood cells. From this, the bone marrow may be called one of the blood cell depot organs, having much significance in supplying blood cells to the blood circulation in case of acute hemorrhage.
2) On the other hand, no such blood cell mobolization can be seen when the rabbit with its reticuloendothelial system blocked with India ink is bled. Therefore, it is concluded that the sound functioning of the reticuloendothelial system is essential for the mobilization of bone marrow blood cells.
3) A marked contraction of the nutricia vessels was observed immediately after the bleeding, for both the non-treated rabbit and the rabbit with its reticuloendothelial system blocked with India ink. Though the contraction began to recover 30 to 60 minutes after the bleeding, the blood vessel did not recover its original diameter of before the bleeding, at least until the termination of the experiment.

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Following the experiments stated in Part 1, in order to examine the blood cell mobilization function of the bone marrow from the viewpoints of central nervous system control and peripheral nervous system control, the blood picture of the V. nutricia was observed after transecting the spinal cord at a higher level, as did KOMIYA, and also after extirpating the abdominal sympathetic nerve, as did MORIKAWA. The results are as follows:
1) The marked mobilization of the bone marrow depot blood cells, which is seen 1 to 2 hours after the bleeding, was not hindered by the transection of the higher-level spinal cord. Therefore, the mobilization is little effected by the central blood cell control nerves.
2) Mobilization of the bone marrow depot blood cells is not much effected by the extirpation of the abdominal sympathetic trunk. Therefore, its control by the peripheral nerves is negligible.
3) The dilation or contraction of the nutricia vessels do not have a primary significance in the mobilization of the bone marrow blood cells after bleeding.

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It is readily assumed that acute bleeding would cause changes in the speed of general circulation and in the circulation of bone marrow blood, and that such a change of bone marrow blood circulation would largely effect the mobilization of bone marrow depot blood cells. INOUE and Prof. HIRAKI have pointed out that the acceleration or inhibition of bone marrow circulation accompanied by the contraction or dilation on the nutricia vessels constitutes an important factor in accelerating or inhibiting the mobilization of bone marrow blood cells.
From this account, the results obtained through the experiments described in Part 1 have been reviewed, and the effect of bleeding upon the blood circulation in the bone marrow and the general circulation time has been re-examined through the thiasin method and the STEWART's method. The results are as follows:
1) The blood flow curve in the bone marrow taken by means of the thiasin method reached its peak within an hour after the bleeding. The curve taken at the 30 miuutes period before and after reaching its peak showed a shift to the left, indicating an acceleration of the blood flow.
2) The circulation time in the bone marrow was shortened, with its peak an hour after the bleeding, the values at 30 minutes before and after the peak showing various degrees of shortened time.
3) The pulmonary and systemic circulation time was shortened with its peak an hour after the bleeding, the values at 30 minutes before and after the peak showing various degrees of shortened time.
4) These observations suggest the events which take place in the marrow in the course of one to two hours after hemorrhage. The increase of blood cells in V. nutricia femoris was caused by mobilization of depot blood cells in the sinusoid. This mobilization was brought about by the shortening of the intramedullary circulation time associated with that of the general circulation time. Dilation and contraction of nutricia vessels following bleeding is only of secondary significance.

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1) When 0.5 gram per body weight kilogram of homogeneous red bone marrow was embedded to normal rabbits at the inner part of thigh, both the hemoglobin and the number of erythrocyte showed a temporary reduction, followed by a remarkable and comparatively long-lasting increase of them. In this connection, the increase of reticulocyte was, prior to that of erythrocyte, also notably found.
2) The same response was shown also in the case of embedding 0.3 gram per body weight kilogram, but in this case the response was rather slight.
3) In the case of embedding 1.0 gram per body weight kilogram, only the anemia was resulted, no increase of erythrocyte being caused.
4) The same response as in the first imbedding was found in another experiment under the same condition (0.5 gram per body weight kilogrem), but this time the reduction of erythrocyte on early stage was slight and no particular disorder was noted.
5) When 0.5 gram per body weight kilogram of heterogeneous (- of a young dog -) red bone marrow was embedded to normal rabbits, the response was almost the same with the case of embedding homogeneous one, although the respose in slighter degree.
6) In the cases of embedding 0.5 gram per body weight kilogram both of homogeneous and heterogeneous muscles instead of red bone marrow, the blood-picture of embedded body did not show any notable change.
7) Judging from above experiences, the fact has become clear that the imbedding of bone marrow has its peculiar function inpromoting the production of blood, and that the fittest puantity of it is 0.5 gram per body weight kilogram.

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When 0.5 gram per body weight kilogram of red bone marrow was embedded to various kinds of experimentally anemic rabbit at the inner part of thigh, the influence of it upon the recovering process from anemia was observed as follows:
a) In each case of anemia caused by venesection and by phenilhydracine, the days required for the recovery was found to be shortened.
b) In each case of anemia caused by X-ray and by Benzol, the recovery of erythrocyte number and of hemoglobin was promoted, the same result being found in the leucocyte too.
c) In the case of anemia caused by collargol, the recovery was equally promoted.

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1) When 0.5 gram per body weight kilogram of bone marrow was embedded to normal rabbits at the inner part of thigh, the histological influence of it upon the bone marrow, the spleen, the liver, the hypophysis and the adrenal glands was observed as follows:
The bone marrow……the functional acceleration remarkably appeared on image for a few weeks after imbedding, particularly of homogeneous bone marrow.
Other internal organs……no notable change was noticed.
Beside, in the case whea the muscles were embedded as a contrasting experiment. no remarkable influence upon the bone marrow could be seen either.
2) A embedded bone marrow, in both cases of homogeneous and of heterogeneous imbedding, was found to get absorbed by degrees into the embedded part, without any hemato poietic function.
3) Between the embedded bone marrow particle and the embedded body, no direct connection through blood vessel was perceived, in both cases of homogeneous and heterogneous imbedding.
4) Judging from above experiences, the following is concluded:
The function of embedded bone marrow in promoting the formation of blood does not mean that it produces blood outside of embedded bone marrow when the imbedding is successful, but it means that some peculiar substance to promote the formation of blood, which is contained in bone marrow, is gradually absorbed into the body and directly stimulates the hematopoietic organs in the embedded body.

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In Japan, hypoplastic anemia has ever been presenting one of the most important problems among today's anemic diseases, it having proved as great frequency as that of pernicious anemia found both in Europe and America; besides, no fit therapeutic method been discovered as yet. Generally speaking, this disease shows a decrease of entire corpuscles, the bleeding tendency becoming prevalent in most cases; yet as to signs in concern to bone marrow, the number of nuclear cell is not fixed, as it has proved 16, 200 at the lowset, while, 263, 000 at the highest. Consequently, it has been classified into 5 types in our department, in view to obstructions of bone marrow.
1. Type of bloodcell-arrest.
2. Type of maturation-arrest.
3. Type of disturbanced regeneration.
4. Mixed type.
5. Panmyelophthisis.
When we took record about 23 cases of hypoplastic patients, results were as follows;
1st type 7, 2nd type 2, 3rd type 3, 4th type 8, and 3 cases of 5th type. In all serum iron value proved an increase; in view to intravenous iron tolerance test, the degree of iron disappearance proved a marked delay, while hematopoetic function indicated an extreme decline. In tissue culture of bone marrow invented by our department. it has been recognized that there exists certain factor to inhibit any hyperplasia of parencyma of bone marrow in this anemic serum. As for method in therapy, several have been nominated through in vain, so that more or less effect have been achieved only by our inventions, i.e., imbedding of bone marrow as well as use of substances of polysaccharide extracted from bone marrow.

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