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264 巻
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原稿種別: 表紙
1978 年264 巻 p. Cover1-
発行日: 1978/02/28
公開日: 2017/08/22
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (68K) -
原稿種別: 表紙
1978 年264 巻 p. Cover2-
発行日: 1978/02/28
公開日: 2017/08/22
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (68K) -
原稿種別: 付録等
1978 年264 巻 p. App1-
発行日: 1978/02/28
公開日: 2017/08/22
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原稿種別: 目次
1978 年264 巻 p. Toc1-
発行日: 1978/02/28
公開日: 2017/08/22
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (73K) -
原稿種別: 付録等
1978 年264 巻 p. App2-
発行日: 1978/02/28
公開日: 2017/08/22
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (23K) -
小池 迪夫, 田中 享二, 冨板 崇原稿種別: 本文
1978 年264 巻 p. 1-11
発行日: 1978/02/28
公開日: 2017/08/22
ジャーナル フリーThe Strains in multi-ply fully bonded membranes were analyzed being based on the theory of elasticity, and a simultaneous differential equation was obtained in the previous paper. This paper is in advance of the previous one and deals with strains in multi-ply membranes in the following cases; (1) fully bonded membranes are partly ruptured, and (2) membranes are partly loose laid over the joint of substrate. Partly ruptured membranes such as the former case are sometimes discovered in actual roofs, and the differential equation in the previous paper can be applied in this case except the boundary conditions at the joint of substrate. The method of partly loose laying membranes over the joint of substrate, as the latter case, is often used in roofs constructed with prefabricated roof planks. In this case, a new differential equation is obtaind for strains in loosed membranes, and the equation in the previous paper can be also applied for fully bonded membranes. Both equations are combined with boundary and series conditions, then all integral constants are determined and strains induced in each membrane can be obtained.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (947K) -
平井 和喜原稿種別: 本文
1978 年264 巻 p. 13-19
発行日: 1978/02/28
公開日: 2017/08/22
ジャーナル フリーThis paper describes the effects of the rate of cooling on acceleration of frost damage of mortars. Nine river sand mortars, three cement pastes and one standard sand mortar were used to laboratory freezing and thawing tests. The rate of cooling of freezing and thawing was prepared at six levels from 0.09c/min to 0.41c/min. The results obtained are summarized as follows, (1) On the mortar specimens, there are specific value of the rate of cooling which give a maximum value of the acceleration of frost damage. (2) The degree of acceleration of frost damage is affected by the number of freezing and thawing cycles. (3) On the cement paste specimens, the phenomena of acceleration are different from the mortar specimens, and these are affected by the water cement ratio of cement paste.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (702K) -
藤本 盛久, 大熊 武司, 赤木 久真原稿種別: 本文
1978 年264 巻 p. 21-29
発行日: 1978/02/28
公開日: 2017/08/22
ジャーナル フリー正四角柱に種々の迎角をもって高レイノルズ数の乱流が作用する場合を想定した二次元非定常解析をおこないこの種の問題に対しての数値解析的手法の適用性, 適用範囲を明確にすることを試みた。得られた結果を要約するとつぎのとおりである。(1) 角柱周辺の気流 主流の乱れは25〜40%であった。角柱背後の平均逆流域は明確にとらえられたが, 迎角10°付近の上流側側面近傍における平均逆流域は表現されなかった。また, 迎角0°では後流の平均流速分布に相似性がほぼ満足された。ストローハル数は既往の実験結果と傾向的に近い値を示した。(2) 角柱表面の風圧力 平均圧力係数は迎角0°では背面負圧の回復など主流に乱れがある場合の既往の実験結果に近い値を得た。迎角10°, 15°における上流側側面の大きな負圧は表現されなかった。変動圧力係数, パワースペクトル, 空間相関係数は実験的に知られている部分については大きく矛盾しない結果を得た。(3) 角柱に作用する抗力・揚力 平均抗力係数は既往の実験結果の傾向におおむね類似しているが, 揚力係数については異なった結果を得た。パワースペクトル, 空力アドミッタンス等については, 実験的に知られている内容については大きくは違っていない結果が得られた。以上のところから, 今回の数値解析結果は概括的にいえば既往の実験結果とのへだたりは小さいといえる。しかしながら, 上流側側面隅角部の負圧といったような極めて微妙な問題を扱うには今回の計算格子間隔は大きすぎるようである。抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (966K) -
亀井 勇, 丸田 栄蔵原稿種別: 本文
1978 年264 巻 p. 31-40
発行日: 1978/02/28
公開日: 2017/08/22
ジャーナル フリー本報では市街地に対する密集度の違いを分類し, 大気境界層のSimulation, 更に市街地の密集度の違いによる建築物周辺に生ずる強風現象への影響について論じてきた。以上の結果を要約すると, 1. 風の垂直速度分布に関する粗度パラメータのSimulationとについてはある程度明確にできた。その結果, roughness密度γの導入により, 風洞実験における大気境界層のSimulationに際し, 粗度パラメータの予測の見通しがついたと考える。ただ, 今回の実験は2種類のroughnessを用い, 配列に関しても規則性があり, 不規則なroughnessについては行っていない。また実験には屋根に勾配をもつ家屋があったり, 樹木等の他のroughness要素が考えられるが, 本報告ではそれらの要素についてはroughnessの定義から除外した結果となっている。このことから, 本結果を実物に直接適用するには, まだ十分と言えなく, 今後更に詳細な究明が必要と思われる。2. 建築物周辺に生ずる強風及びその領域は地域によって異なることがわかり, 速度勾配が急になる程(市街地化した地域程), 建物近傍での風速増加が著しくなる傾向が見い出された。抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1036K) -
荒井 康幸原稿種別: 本文
1978 年264 巻 p. 41-49
発行日: 1978/02/28
公開日: 2017/08/22
ジャーナル フリーIn this paper, some attempts in nonlinear analysis of reinforced concrete shear wall-frame systems by the finite element procedure are presented and the applicability of the proposed methods is discussed using several examples of numerical computations on existing experimental test results. The introduced attempts in the analysis are as follows ; 1) The biaxial stresses of concrete is determined as a function of principal strain in a state of plane stress on the basis of the experimental data by Kupfer, Hilsdorf and Rusch (1). From the derived biaxial stress-strain relations, a solution of nonlinear equations of equilibrium in finite element analysis is obtained by employing a iteration method. 2) The concrete between cracks is still capable of carrying tensile stresses because of the bond between steel and concrete, so that the reinforcing bars are restrained by cracked concrete. By taking account of this restraint effect, the stiffness of the steel reinforcement in cracked zone of the concrete is changed according to the amount of the average steel strain. The proposed method of analysis appears to result in fairly good estimations of nonlinear load-deflection relations of shear wall-frame systems until the range of about 90% of their ultimate strength in comparison with the test results. However, in order to obtain better agreement between analyses and experiments, it should be necessary to make clear the physical conditions of stress transference and relative displacement along the cracks of concrete.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (941K) -
宇田川 邦明, 高梨 晃一, 田中 尚原稿種別: 本文
1978 年264 巻 p. 51-59
発行日: 1978/02/28
公開日: 2017/08/22
ジャーナル フリーAmong various patterns of failures of the steel structures subjected to cyclic loadings, the following two behaviors are emphasized. 1) Strength deterioration of a structure or its members due to an excessive deformation. 2) Fracture of members caused by low cycle plastic fatigue. In order to avoid the above failures and also evaluate the damage of the structure by various external forces, it is required to investigate quantitatively the capacity of energy absorption as well as the restoring force characteristics of structures or its members under cyclic loadings. This series of tests intends to reveal experimentally restoring force characteristics of H-Shaped steel beams under cyclic and reversed loadings, particularly of the beams with the specified sizes which are expected to failure due to local and lateral bucklings. The content of this experiment comprises four items; 1) To get a critical deflection amplitude in constant deflection amplitude cyclic loadings, up to which load-deflection hysteresis loops are stable. This critical deflection depends on various ratios of deflection amplitudes, lateral bracing spacings, material properties, and section properties of the beams. 2) To represent stable hysteresis loops in mathematical expressions deriving from experimental data. 3) To inquire into the relation between a maximum deflection amplitude and strength deterioration when beams are cycled by a random deflection. 4) To obtain the relation between strength deterioration and deflection amplitude in various ratios of deflection amplitudes in the range where hysteresis loops become unstable under constant deflection amplitude cyclic tests. Based on the results, to evaluate strength deterioration of beams subjected to random deflections. In these experiments, only a half of a beam was tested, since the stress state of a beam can be supposed as shown in Fig. 1 in the case that a structure has columns with higher stiffness and strength than those of beams. 1) and 2) are given in Part I, and 3) and 4) in Part II.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1072K) -
加藤 勉, 秋山 宏原稿種別: 本文
1978 年264 巻 p. 61-71
発行日: 1978/02/28
公開日: 2017/08/22
ジャーナル フリーAn analytical method for evaluating the effect of flexural torsional buckling on the inelastic behavior of H-shaped steel beam-columns which are subjected to axial compression and strong-axis bending was presented. A H-shaped column can be considered to be composed of two T-shaped columns halved by the centroid-axis of the H-shaped column. Basic equations of equilibrium of those T-shaped columns in the post-buckling state were derived and rigidities which correspond to each plastic state were definitely expressed in terms of deflection due to buckling. Two methods for numerical integration of the basic equations were introduced; the approximate method and the exact method. The approximate method can give almost same results as the exact does. Analytical results were compared with a series of test results and good agreement between them was ascertained.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1053K) -
藤本 盛久, 佐藤 亘宏, 松塚 展門原稿種別: 本文
1978 年264 巻 p. 73-82
発行日: 1978/02/28
公開日: 2017/08/22
ジャーナル フリーThe purpose of the paper is to investigate the effect of the out of plane stiffness of the column flange on the strain concentration of beam-to-column connections in steel structures under increasing alternative loading. The test specimens are H-TYPE (the shape of the column cross section is H), and are small-scale ones. They are manufactured by machineworks from the rolled steel plate (thickness; 65 mm, SS 41). The specimens are made so as to represent the part of the beam flange without stiffening plates. The increasing alternative load is subjected to the end of the beam flange. Strain and displacement in the plastic region of the beam flange are calculated by MOIRE analysis. The characteristics of the strain concentration of beam-to-column connections are influenced considerably by the characteristics of the plastic out of plane deflection of the column flange. In regard to the beam flange of beam-to-column connections which did not generate the plastic out of plane deflection of the column flange, summary of the results are shown below. (1) The amplitude of the strain at the end of the joint is larger than the amplitude of the strain at the middle of the joint. (2) In regard to the strain distribution from which subtract the initial residual strain at every loop, the reversal of the strain concentration occurs. (3) When the stress surpasses the past largest range, the strain concentration ratio increases rapidly. (4) Mean stress-mean strain relations at the beam flange near the joint to the column flange are almost equal to material stress-strain relations. (5) Elastic strain distribution and plastic strain distribution are almost independent. These distributions are approximated by parabola. (6) The elastic strain concentration ratios are constant.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1106K) -
末岡 禎佑, 川股 重也, 河野 和間原稿種別: 本文
1978 年264 巻 p. 83-90
発行日: 1978/02/28
公開日: 2017/08/22
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絵内 正道, 荒谷 登原稿種別: 本文
1978 年264 巻 p. 91-98
発行日: 1978/02/28
公開日: 2017/08/22
ジャーナル フリーIn Hokkaido, most of houses are heated partially and intermittently by using a stove (semi-radiation type). The authors measured the room air temperature of such houses during the heating season, and studied on the controlled room air temperature and the living way affected by the thickness of thermal insulation and type of heating system. The purposes of these reports (part-1, 2 and 3) are to point out from those results what kind of changes shall be brought on the room air temperature and the usage of heating according to the improvement of insulation in the future. In this report, the varying patterns of the temperature at the ceiling θ_c and of the floor level θ_f are mainly discussed. In the case of the partial and intermittent heating by using a stove, the temperature difference of those two levels and those varying patterns change according to the fall of outdoor temperature. For example in the early season of heating, the varying patterns of θ_c are high in the morning and low in the evening, and those of θ_f are flat in the daytime. In this case, the room air temperature increases easily and sufficiently because it dose not get so cold yet and the radiation from a stove dose not become so strong to the living space. And in every house during the coldest season, the varying patterns of both θ_c and θ_f are generally low in the morning and high in the evening. But with supplying a little heat at night or with reducing some heated rooms, those varying patterns become like the patterns in the early season of heating. The reason is supposed as follows. In the coldest season, as the temperature at night becomes so low, more heat supply is required in the morning, the sufficient warmth is not obtained by room air temperature but by only the direct radiation from a stove. And the supplying a little heat at night or the reducing some heated rooms is the response of living to the coldness existing the adjoining rooms or at the floor level, these patterns are supposed to be the results of the response to keep the human body suitably warm.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (914K) -
土屋 喬雄原稿種別: 本文
1978 年264 巻 p. 99-106
発行日: 1978/02/28
公開日: 2017/08/22
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (810K) -
瀬口 哲夫原稿種別: 本文
1978 年264 巻 p. 107-115
発行日: 1978/02/28
公開日: 2017/08/22
ジャーナル フリーWe applied following approaches to the categorization of design words. 1. Frequency of use 2. Use pattern 3. Frequency of use and Use pattern 4. Sphere of use A few particularities of the design word on design processes were found by them. For instance, usages of design words was biased. Only 20% of words ocuppied the greater part of use. It seemed that 4th approach was closely related with design process. So, Design words was fully categorized by 4th approach. The design word was composed of the basic word and the characteristic word. The basic word was small in number but was many in use. The characteristic word was many in number but was small in use. The basic word played the role of a scale and a vehicle for the basic concept and so on. The other hand, the characteristic word was affected by [Material for speech] [Scene] and [Subject]. It showed the caracteristic of design processes. It is important for the analysis of design process to tell two things apart and to make sure of the peculiarity of two things.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1068K) -
川道 麟太郎原稿種別: 本文
1978 年264 巻 p. 117-126
発行日: 1978/02/28
公開日: 2017/08/22
ジャーナル フリーThe aim of present study is to examine the effects of density on human interpersonal relationships in daily-life settings. It was designed to explore relationships between the density and the children's friend-formation in residential areas. An investigation was conducted about children's friends and their play after school at primary schools in high density areas. The subjects were boys and girls aged 10 and 11. The density was measured by using the area of a housing block and a school district as the denominater respectively. The friend-formation was intended to be grasped through three elements; the number of friends, the friends' composition on school year and their geographical distribution. Children's play was measured through two aspects of time and place. In this first paper several items were examined before beginning the discussion of relations between the area's density and the children's friend-formation. Their items were concerned with several non-physical factors, the housing type and the crowding in dwellings. As a result of their examinations it was found that there were differences in the friend-formation between male and female and between participants and non-participants in the activities of community-group and that there were scarcely connected with the housing type and the crowding in dwellings.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1225K) -
高梨 敬子原稿種別: 本文
1978 年264 巻 p. 127-138
発行日: 1978/02/28
公開日: 2017/08/22
ジャーナル フリーThis paper describes the urban formation structure of 201 densely inhabited districts in Southern Kanto district in 1970. The results with Multivariate Technique are as follows : 1. 5 typical urban formation types unaffected by direction. 2. 7 typical urban formation types affected by direction. 3. The specific directions in Southern Kanto district are 300°〜315°, 135°〜140°, 85°〜110°, 200°〜225°, and 250°〜265°. Parameters affected by the direction in 85°〜110°and 200°〜225°are entropy, area and the share of densely inhabited districts in each municipality. 4. Generally, the formation entropy enlarged by metamorphoses in 5 years between 1965 and 1970.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1432K) -
玉置 伸〓, 鈴木 博志, 織田 直文原稿種別: 本文
1978 年264 巻 p. 139-149
発行日: 1978/02/28
公開日: 2017/08/22
ジャーナル フリー以上の分析結果をまとめると次の如くである。1) 都市化と住宅供給との間には一定の法則性がある。都市化と住宅供給パターンの基本モデルは, 全国県別・市郡別レベルではかなり有効な一般法則として利用でき, これによって都市化と住宅供給構造の対応を検討することができる。2) 新規住宅供給のうち「新築」は, 都市化の進行と1次直線的比例関係の下に供給量が決定される現象があるが, ある都市化段階に達した第I地域においては, その供給が極度に制限される。一方, 「分譲」についての供給も都市化と1次直線的比例関係にあるが, 都市化に対する住宅供給寄与度合は, 「新築」に較べより高い。また同様に, ある都市化段階に達した第I地域では, 一次関係式をはなれて「新築」の場合とは逆に上昇する。3) 一方, 「新築」+「分譲」の新規住宅供給では, 両者は相補関係にあり, ある都市化段階を過ぎても都市化と1次直線的比例関係を保つ。4) 「建て替え」建設活動は, 都市化という社会現象よりもむしろ地域の住宅ストックに規定される面が強く, 地域的事情に規定されながらストックに対し一定の発生比率を示す。全国的地域区分では東日本と西日本の区分が可能であり, 東日本の発生比率がより高い。5) 世帯増加率でみる都市化と住宅供給構造の対応関係だけではなく, DID世帯比率を含めた2軸性の検討が必要である。そのために世帯増加率の上限値に折返し地点を設定した。その結果, 折返し地点までは都市化の進行とともに「分譲」供給の意味は大きくなり, 反面「新築」「建て替え」の意味が減少する関係にあるが, さらにそれを超えて都市化段階が進行すると「建て替え」が再び増加してくることが確認された。以上の諸点は, 住宅需給構造を検討するに際し, 基本的な概念の整理に意味をもつものと考えられる。抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1235K)
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