日本建築学会論文報告集

表紙

原稿種別: 表紙
1983 年334 巻 p. Cover1-
発行日: 1983/12/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.334.0_Cover1

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目次

原稿種別: 表紙
1983 年334 巻 p. Cover2-
発行日: 1983/12/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.334.0_Cover2

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CONTENTS

原稿種別: 目次
1983 年334 巻 p. Toc1-
発行日: 1983/12/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.334.0_Toc1

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奥付

原稿種別: 目次
1983 年334 巻 p. Toc2-
発行日: 1983/12/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.334.0_Toc2

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繰り返し軸方向載荷を受ける部材の履歴挙動に関する閉解 : 第 1 部基礎式の誘導

野中泰二郎

原稿種別: 本文
1983 年334 巻 p. 1-8
発行日: 1983/12/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.334.0_1

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Axially loaded members play an important role in such structures as trusses or braced frames. Clarification of the performance of these structures reqires the knowledge of the load-deformation characteristics of the members. Plastic action in axially loaded members ordinarily takes precedence over flexurally loaded members because of the predominance in stiffness of the former over the latter. An axially resistant member in such structures is often subjected to variable repeated loading; loads due to winds, earthquakes, cranes, transportation vehicles and some machine parts are applied repeatedly in nature, and they may act in different or opposite directions. The member may buckle under compression, deform plastically, but may partially recover in a subsequent tension. It may undergo plastic elongation and as a result get loosened, reducing the overall stiffness of the structure. This series of investigations is concerned with the analytic behaviour of a prismatic elastic-plastic bar of an effective length subjected primarily to repeated axial loading, tension and/or compression. In the present paper, Part 1, basic equations are derived in a closed form to be shown through examples of application in part 2 that these are adequate to determine the hysteretic behaviour for any given history of axial loading.

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観測雑音を考慮した立体構造物振動特性の推定

富澤稔, 松葉裕

原稿種別: 本文
1983 年334 巻 p. 9-17
発行日: 1983/12/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.334.0_9

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To evaluate the dynamical properties of the building frame is one of the fundamental demands in the aseismatic design procedure. The reliability of the aseismatic structural design would be established under the condition that the dynamical properties, especially the stiffness matrix and the damping matrix in the vibration model of the building are suitably evaluated. Whether the assumed dynamical properties of a building frame in the designing stage are relevant or not, ought to be verified by the dynamical properties estimated from the observations of dynamic behaviors, during earthquake motions, of the building after construction. Usually, the damping factors of the building are estimated by the forced vibration experiments using the vibration generator and the stiffness of the building is evaluated from the numerical calculations on the basis of actual sizes of members. By this conventional method, however, it is difficult to estimate the damping factors of higher order and the stiffness of the frame having secondary structural elements such as wing walls. In this paper, the equation of motion describing the three dimensional dynamical behavior of the building frame with braces or shear walls are proposed, then the improved least-squares method for estimating the stiffness matrix and the damping matrix from the noisy observations of floor motions of the building subjected to the arbitrary ground motions is proposed. The numerical results of several simulations suggest that this estimation method may sufficiently estimate the dynamical properties of the buildings by using the observed data corrupted with Gaussian white noise.

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中低層鋼骨組の耐震性に与える柱-はり接合部のせん断補強の効果について : その 2 パネルゾーンせん断強度が異なる骨組の動的弾塑性応答性状

河野昭雄, 牧野稔

原稿種別: 本文
1983 年334 巻 p. 18-28
発行日: 1983/12/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.334.0_18

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One important problem concerned with an aseismic design of frame is to avoid damage concentration into a weak story in the frame during earthquake ground motions. The effect of shear strength of beam-to-column connections on the elasto-plastic response behavior, especially on the damage concentration, of low-rise steel frame is investigated herein. Some results are : (1) Plastic strain energy distribution absorbed, or damage distribution, in frame with shear stiffening connections based on the current design formula strongly depends on the distribution of story-shear strength of the frame. (2) Story-story coupling effects due to the shear plastification of beam-to-column connections in weak-panel frame, which have panel-column yielding ratio smaller than about 0.4, produce good distribution of maximum story displacement in the frame. (3) Independently of story-shear strength distribution in frame, damage concentration into weak stories in weak-panel frame, such as with no-shear stiffening connections, can be effectively avoided by story-story coupling effects.

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鋼管柱・はり仕口の局部変形を考慮したラーメン骨組の解析について : 鋼管柱ラーメンの復元力特性に関する研究 I

山成實, 金谷弘

原稿種別: 本文
1983 年334 巻 p. 29-36
発行日: 1983/12/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.334.0_29

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外ダイアフラム形式で補剛された柱・はり接合部をもつ鋼管柱ラーメンの水平剛性に与える仕口の局部変形の影響を調べる目的で, 仕口の変形を考慮したたわみ角式を誘導し, 3種類の骨組について弾性解析例を示した。解析の結果 1) 仕口の局部変形が骨組の水平剛性に与える影響は層数とスパン数によって変化し, 骨組頂部の水平変位に対しては, 層数あるいはスパン数が増すとその影響量は大となる。2) 各層の水平剛性に与える仕口の変形の効果は上下の層の影響を受ける。とくに, 最下層では通常の線材理論による値の方が剛性を過小評価することになる。3) 本解析例では, 鋼管柱の局部変形により層水剛性は最大で5%低下する等が知られた。今後, 本論で述べた解析手法を断塑性問題に適用し, その非線型挙動を追跡し, 弾塑性域における柱・はり仕口変形の全体変形への寄与を明らかにしていく。

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円筒ラチスシェルの Discrete Field 解析 (続報)

大城武, 有住康則

原稿種別: 本文
1983 年334 巻 p. 37-46
発行日: 1983/12/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.334.0_37

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Discrete field approach is applied for finding closed form solutions for a circular cylindrical latticed shell with straight edge beams. This paper comprises an extension and an improvement of analytical methods for practical boundary conditions. The concepts of discrete variational technique, discrete field mechanics and difference geometry are used. The mathematical model becomes partial difference equations plus boundary conditions, and the exact closed form solutions for the model are obtained using the finite Fourier series. The solutions have been investigated numerically and checked by an open form approach, where significant accuracy is proven.

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円周切欠きを有する鉄筋コンクリート用棒鋼の低温下における脆性破壊発生特性に関する実験的研究

藤本盛久, 藤盛紀明, 中込忠男, 矢部喜堂

原稿種別: 本文
1983 年334 巻 p. 47-57
発行日: 1983/12/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.334.0_47

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The purpose of this paper is to establish the evaluation method of the steel bars for concrete reinforcement to be used at low temperatures. The tensile tests of circumferentially notched specimens were carried out at low temperatures to investigate the brittle fracture initiation characteristics of the steel bars SD 35 having several strength levels. The results are summarized as follows; (1) The brittle fracture strength characteristics of the notched specimens have two patterns. One is called Ipattern showing the net stress at fracture, _nσ_B, increases with temperature lowering from room temperature to the temperature, T_L, at which low stress brittle fracture occures. The other is called D-pattern showing _nσ_B decreases monotonously at higher temperature than T_L. (2) These patterns have correlation with the lamellar structure consisting of ferite and pealite, and the pealite structure area percent. (3) Crystality transition temperatures, _vT_rs, of charpy impact tests have also corrlation with microstructures. (4) Brittle fracture initiation temperatures, T_i, of circumferentially notched specimens have correlation with _vT_rs. Then, T_i can be evaluated by _vT_rs. Finally, the method of the evaluation of the steel bars for concrete reinforcement considering the brittle fracture nitiation characteristics has been proposed in this paper.

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エンドタブ・裏当金を有する柱はり溶接部の破壊性状に関する実験的研究

藤本盛久, 中込忠男, 金鍾洛, 多賀雅泰

原稿種別: 本文
1983 年334 巻 p. 58-69
発行日: 1983/12/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.334.0_58

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This paper describes the exprimental results and the discussion about a brittle fracture in beam-to-column welded joints concerning following parameters ; disposal of end-tab, a mode of fillet weld at backing strip and stress ratio of beam flange and column flange T-type full scale specimens are used in tension and bending test in regard to those parameters. The results are shown as follows ; 1. Brittle fracture did not occure starting from tip of notch between end-tab and beam flange in any specimen. 2. In case of having continuous fillet weld at backing strip, brittle fracture did not occure at beam flange, but in some specimen brittle fracture occured at column flange starting from an intersection of fillet weld metal and column base metal. By making use of results obtaind in this experiment, we can say that there is nothing against in leaving end-tab as it is and that it is best to avoid fillet weld at backing strip.

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規則的非定常騒音の反復回数および変動幅がやかましさに及ぼす影響 : 非定常騒音の評価に関する研究 I

矢野隆, 小林朝人

原稿種別: 本文
1983 年334 巻 p. 70-80
発行日: 1983/12/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.334.0_70

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変動騒音から連続衝撃音・断続音まで, 非定常騒音全般に適用しうる評価法を確立するための基礎資料を得ることを目的として, 規則的に三角状・正弦状・矩形状にレベル変動する騒音を対象とする実験を行い, PSEとレベル変動要因の関係を考察した。その結果は次のように要約できる。1.(1) 三角状, 正弦状騒音はやかましさに対して類似の傾向を示し, そのPSEは反復回数と変動幅の関数として示すことができる。PSEは, L_<eq>70dBA付近, 変動幅約40dBA以下, 反復回数約8Hz以下で, (4)式で良く表示することができる。(2) 反復回数が小さいいわゆる変動騒音の場合には, PSEはL_<eq>に漸近する。このことは従来の研究結果に符合する。しかし, 反復回数が大きくなると, レベル変動の効果が顕著となり, PSEは4Hz付近で極大に達する。今回の実験範囲ではその効果は最大で約10dBAである。2. 矩形状騒音の場合には三角状, 正弦状騒音とはPSEの様相は異なる。PSEは三角状・正弦状騒音より常に大きく, 8Hz付近で極大に達する。また, 今回の実験範囲では反復回数が小さくなっても, PSEはL_<eq>の値に収束する傾向にない。これらは矩形状騒音の急激な立ち上がりの効果によるものと考えられる。

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暖冷房または室温の指定条件を一般的に考慮した多数室の室温変動と形成

長谷川房雄, 石川善美, 松本博

原稿種別: 本文
1983 年334 巻 p. 81-88
発行日: 1983/12/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.334.0_81

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This paper describes the method for calculating the room air temperature, the inner surface temprature and the heating load of multi-room under the various heating conditions. These conditions include the cases of that the room temperature or the heating load is found by prescribing the amount of heat supply or the room temperature, and that both values during the pre-heating are found by prescribing the room temperature at the end of preheating in an intermittent heating system. The equations which show the relationship of the room air temperature, inner surface temperature, heating load and so on are introduced using the matrix calculation. In the solution of the matrix equations involving a large number of degrees of freedom, it is very difficult to invert the matrix. The matrix is partitioned by four sub-matrices to reduce the size of matrix. As one of the sub-matrices to be inverted is symmetric and positive definite, the matrix can be inverted efficiently by Choleski's method and the iteration method.

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湿相当外気温度に基づく屋根散水の熱的効果に関する研究

石川幸雄, 木村建一

原稿種別: 本文
1983 年334 巻 p. 89-100
発行日: 1983/12/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.334.0_89

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To make a positive use of the thermal effect on the wet building surface, the steady-state thermal effect in terms of heat gain decrease was examined by simulating the roof spraying operation. The summary is as follows. 1. To estimate the hourly heat gain decrease, Wet Sol-Air Temperature, an extension of the idea so-called Sol-Air Temperature including the mass transfer mechanism on the wet building surface, is defined and calculated for various materials with the aid of meteorological data for the Tokyo area. (See Figs 2, 3 and 5) 2. Statistically analyzed, the Wet Sol-Air Temperature is highly correlated with the Sol-Air Temperature. Inferring this relation from regression lines, the Sol-Air Temperature decrease in the roof spraying operation is easily estimated and the error examined. (See Figs 4, 11 and 12) 3. Only with the regression lines and Sol-Air Temperature, the monthly heat gain in the roof spraying operation is calculated and compared with the one without the operation to show the thermal effect. (See Figs 7, 8 and 10) 4. The monthly heat gain is analyzed to find Temperature Control Index for the roof spraying operation and necessary roof spraying operation hour is accordingly determined. (See Table 6) Further the value estimated by this method is examined theoretically in comparison with the exact value. (See Figs 8 and 9) The thermal design data indispensable for the roof spraying has been obtained.

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気象衛星による市街地熱環境調査 : リモートセンシングによる都市空間の構造解析 (その 2)

円満隆平, 尾島俊雄

原稿種別: 本文
1983 年334 巻 p. 101-108
発行日: 1983/12/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.334.0_101

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以上の結果をまとめると (1) 気象衛星の熱映像が局地気象スケールでの市街地熱環境調査に利用できることを示した。(2) 東京, 大阪の気象衛星熱映像から, 夏季日中には中層の密集市街地の地表面相当温度が最も高く, 高層市街地の地表面相当温度が比較的低いことがわかった。特に東京についてはほぼ同時刻の気温分布もおおむねこれに対応していることがわかった。(3) 東京における冬早朝の気象衛星熱映像とほぼ同時刻の気温分布から, 高層市街地では地表面相当温度が比較的高く, 低層市街地では地表面相当温度, 気温共に低いことがわかった。(4) 水面は熱容量が大きいため地表面相当温度が夏日中低く, 冬早朝高いことから気候緩和機能が大きい。高層市街地もやや同様の傾向を示すことから, 今後の市街地熱環境研究においては地表の熱容量の問題の検討が重要である。(5) 地表面相当温度および気温とランドサットデータによる地表状況面積百分率との重回帰分析から, 局地気象スケールでの地表面相当温度および気温と都市空間構造との相関は冬早朝に大きく, 特に地表面相当温度においてそれが顕著である。これに対して夏日中のこれらの相関は冬早朝の場合より小さいが, 無視し得ない大きさであることがわかった。今後は気象データおよび気象衛星熱映像のより多くの蓄積, 気象衛星映像による地表の熱容量の推定などが必要である。

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因子分析による住民意識の構造分析 : 居住環境に対する住民意識の構造に関する研究-第 1 報

久野覚

原稿種別: 本文
1983 年334 巻 p. 109-116
発行日: 1983/12/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.334.0_109

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This paper is the report on the analysis of the data of two surveys, one in seven cities, Tokyo and so on, the other at six regions in Tokyo. Various items on inhabitants' surroundings were analysed on every city and region by means of factor analysis. A series of analyses showed almost the same result. Main factors are the following : 1. amenity at exterior space 2. amenity at interior space 3. preservation of health 4. service 5. security

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計画学におけるグラフ理論適用に関する研究 : その 1 原理編

渡辺健一, 原広司, 藤井明, 山中知彦

原稿種別: 本文
1983 年334 巻 p. 117-127
発行日: 1983/12/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.334.0_117

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この研究においては, グラフの形態に関する数理的な基礎理論をまとめた。固有多項式の係数, 固有値, 点の値などの数学的な構造を十分に解明し, 計画的指標へ用いることの可能性が見出せたと思う。これらの指標を用いた実証的な研究は(2), (14)および当研究応用編を参照されたい。上記研究ではその他にグラフ形態に対しての指標, 点の次数, 均質度, 辺項点比, 閉路充足率, およびπ指標などを合わせて分析してあるが, これらの指標の多くは, 固有値, 固有ベクトルに関する指標の簡略化とも見なせるものであり, 両指標群の間には密接な関連がある。この関連については稿を改めて述べたい。グラフの形態に関しての特徴を記述する方法は, 更に具体的な問題の中で様々に必要となるはずであるが特に, グラフの点の付加削除については, 都市や建築空間の動的な変化を把握する上で重要と思われる。今後この問題について, 具体例ともども基礎理論を充実していきたいと考える。

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余暇生活のグループ化傾向からみた集会関連施設需要の構造 : 集会関連施設の設置計画に関する研究その 1

桜井康宏

原稿種別: 本文
1983 年334 巻 p. 128-138
発行日: 1983/12/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.334.0_128

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The aim of this study is to make clear the structure of the demand for assembly facilties from the viewpoint of socialization in leisure life, and this study pays attention especialy to informal group formation. The conclusions in this paper are as follows; 1) Among persons over eighteen years old, the ratio who take part in some groups in leisure life is about 20-30%, and this ratio is increasig. As to the future tendency of this ratio, this paper proposes five expectations with regard to the reason of nonparticipation and to the desire. 2) Among participators, the ratio who take part in plural groups is about 30%. But the number of groups in participation relates to the frequency of group activity, and the increase of frequency decreases the number of groups. 3) Group formation in leisure life has striking continuity, in spite of its informal character. 4) Each city has its own qualitative structure of group formation in leisure life, but quantitative structure is much the same. 5) Taking account of those who desire to take part in some groups, the qualitative structure of group formation in leisure life will differ from the present condition.

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既成市街地における建築奥行と路地率から見た街区寸法に関する考察 : 街区寸法に関する考察・その 1

材野博司, 楢山知見

原稿種別: 本文
1983 年334 巻 p. 139-147
発行日: 1983/12/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.334.0_139

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This paper explores the primary facfor for the decision of the Block size from the building depth size and the alley rate. The average size of the building depth is different at every use and the alley rate has the mutial relation with the Block depth size. But we can find the special Blocks having the high alley rate or the low alley rate. These facts mean that there are two kinds of Blocks, the small size Block and the large size Block for the Building and site size. Under the adaptation of these exploration, We propose two methods, the Reorganization by the exchanging the buidings of the different uses and the suitable Division of the Block depth.

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地域計画における公共施設の設置計画に関する研究 : 「S. B. 現象」についてその 2

渡辺光雄

原稿種別: 本文
1983 年334 巻 p. 148-157
発行日: 1983/12/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.334.0_148

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A part of the present investigation has already been reported in "Transactions of the Arckitectural Institule of Japan". In this report I continue my investigations concerning the S. B. (Spring Board) effect which I mentioned in my previons paper. The S. B. effect is the phenomena which relates to the actions of rural inhabitans in their making use of public facilites. The use of nearly simple and functional existing facilites in the inhabitants residential area encourages their use of public facilities with the same functional purpose which are distant, large and better equipped. In this paper, I wish to investigate this situation in greater detail. And, I wish to show that the S. B. effect not only is evident in the actions of the inhabitants but also in their desire for larger and better equipped public facilities. The desire for new and better facilities is intensified by the existence of near, simple, same functional farilities. On the other hand, this desire is not apparent without near simple functional facitities in the inhabitants residential areas.

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民家・主屋における一番座の位置について : 沖縄の集落景観における平面形態の構成に関する研究その 2

坂本磐雄

原稿種別: 本文
1983 年334 巻 p. 158-164
発行日: 1983/12/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.334.0_158

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There are two kinds on the position of a main room in the main house, right hand and left hand. Annexes usually are arranged to the lower part in the site (opposite side to a main room). So, the architectural landscape is different by the position of a main room. There are three reasons of being much more right hand main rooms including a main room are directed southerly among all the compass directions. In the next, the main room in the southerly direction is posited to the right hand, because of wishing sun rise. Finally, the right hand main room facing southerly have great advantage to the wind direction in summer and winter. There are seven reasons on the left hand main room, belief and convention, relationship to the neighboring house, drainage, water supply, building process of a main house, conditions of a site, and, compass direction and weather conditions.

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二世帯住宅における平面構成の成り立ち : 住宅金融公庫融資住宅の場合

清水安子

原稿種別: 本文
1983 年334 巻 p. 165-173
発行日: 1983/12/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.334.0_165

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This paper is concerned with a house in which two familis are living together. The space organization must manifest relationship of two families, as a whole. The main findings are : 1) as for family structure, three generations which consist of children, parents and grandparents live in a house. This phenominon shows the idea of the household system in the old Civil Code in the Japanese society; 2) the typical type of the house is a two-story on with a dependent entrance and bath, where one family can live above and another below; 3) as the number of dependent spaces such as an entrance hall, a bathroom, a kitchen and a living room increases, the activities of cooking, eating and relaxing come to be done together between two families. Moreover even family economics becomes dependent as well. The space organization of the house for two families reflects the degree of association of them in daily life, that is, the greater degree of association two families want, the more common spaces in a house they demand.

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SI 単位の換算率表

原稿種別: 付録等
1983 年334 巻 p. App1-
発行日: 1983/12/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.334.0_App1

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