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原稿種別: 表紙
1981 年302 巻 p. Cover1-
発行日: 1981/04/30
公開日: 2017/08/22
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (75K) -
原稿種別: 表紙
1981 年302 巻 p. Cover2-
発行日: 1981/04/30
公開日: 2017/08/22
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (75K) -
原稿種別: 目次
1981 年302 巻 p. Toc1-
発行日: 1981/04/30
公開日: 2017/08/22
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原稿種別: 付録等
1981 年302 巻 p. App1-
発行日: 1981/04/30
公開日: 2017/08/22
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (29K) -
立川 正夫, 福山 雅弘原稿種別: 本文
1981 年302 巻 p. 1-11
発行日: 1981/04/30
公開日: 2017/08/22
ジャーナル フリーFlat plates such as roofing tiles, slates and sheet metals are prevailing missiles observed in typhoons. A wind tunnel experiment has been carried out to obtain the aerodynamic coefficients of square, rectangular and diamond flat plates, which are free to rotate about an axis perpendicular to stream, over the range from rest to steady state autorotation. The results are compared with those obtained by other investigators. Quasi-steady equations of motion of a particle model and a two-dimensional flat plate model are presented. The latter equations are modified using the aerodynamic coefficients of rotating plates obtained by the wind tunnel experiment. The influence of two non-dimensional parameters, the ratio of wind force to gravity force and Froude number, on the missile trajectories is shown by several results of numerical integrations.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1308K) -
田坂 誠一, 松岡 理原稿種別: 本文
1981 年302 巻 p. 13-20
発行日: 1981/04/30
公開日: 2017/08/22
ジャーナル フリーThis paper presents a general method of time-domain analysis for linear vibrating systems subjected to Gaussian white noise excitation. Our main concern is in the solution procedure for a class of stochastic differential equations which is equivalent to equations of linear dynamical systems with Gaussian white noise excitation. The solution procedure together with the evaluation of several types of statistical quantities is described by using the equation of single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) systems. The application to multi-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) systems is quite straightforward, which will be studied in the forthcoming Part II.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (643K) -
小林 俊夫原稿種別: 本文
1981 年302 巻 p. 21-27
発行日: 1981/04/30
公開日: 2017/08/22
ジャーナル フリーAn advanced theory and its example is shown herein to evaluate the dynamic soil-structure interaction effect for considering the flexibility of the base mat. The displacement and stress of the contact area between structure and soil are treated as unknown functions. Through these unknown functions, the soil which is treated as semi-infinite elastic medium and the structure, of which dynamic characteristics are evaluated by FEM, are combined and coupled analysis is conducted. The dynamic relation of stress and displacement of this contact area can be expressed in the integral form using the Green function and is transformed to matrix form. As an example, response analysis is conducted for a BWR 1100MW reactor building, for a vertical earthquake. The result shows; 1) The rigid body assumption for base mat of the reactor building is not satisfied as indicated by response displacement and acceleration. 2) The distribution of reaction stress is very complicated and so uniform or rigid body stress pattern is not acceptable. 3) The displacement and the stress distribution depend on the characteristics of the structure such as rigidity and mass distribution.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (955K) -
小林 俊夫原稿種別: 本文
1981 年302 巻 p. 29-35
発行日: 1981/04/30
公開日: 2017/08/22
ジャーナル フリー地盤と構造物との動的相互作用を評価する方法に, 地盤を半無限弾性体の波動伝播媒体として扱う理論がある(文献1, 2)。これらの基本となる地表面への点加振の解には無限積分が表われてくる。そして解の具体的な数値を求めるには, この無限積分の値を求める必要があるが, 複素函数論を用いてこれを有限積分と留数計算に変換することも可能である。この種の方法はLamb(文献3)も用いている。ここではLambの点加振解とは表現の異なる田治見の解(文献1)に対しこの方法を適用し, 積分の値を簡単に求める方法を示す。抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (694K) -
松本 衛, 松下 敬幸原稿種別: 本文
1981 年302 巻 p. 37-46
発行日: 1981/04/30
公開日: 2017/08/22
ジャーナル フリーDynamical behaviour of moisture uptake and heat transfer in foam concrete at hygroscopic range is studied on bases of simultaneous heat and moisturet ransfer equations with assumptions of local moisture equilibrium and immovability of liquid water which were showh by us to be valid in wood fiber material, at the hygroscopic range. Based on these governing simultaneous heat and moisture transfer partial difference equations, moisture uptake and temperature variation in foam concrete plates are analyzed with numerical solutions and compared with the experimental result at the various temperature and humidity boundary conditions. At the lower humidity condition the calculated results based on linear equation indicate good agreement with the experimental results, but at the higher humidity condition the calculated results based on linear equation do not agree with the experimental results. These differences cannot be explained by the non-linearity of the equations based on parameter dependency on moisture content. In the next part of this paper, these differences are discussed with considering the hysteresis effect in moisture content.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1099K) -
窪田 英樹原稿種別: 本文
1981 年302 巻 p. 47-55
発行日: 1981/04/30
公開日: 2017/08/22
ジャーナル フリーThis paper presents a guide for optimum design of room air distribution in summer cooling with the slot air-supply system. When discharging the cool air from the slot, the air pattern remains horizontal on the ceiling until the separation occurs. After separation, the cool air drops down into the occupied zone that causes discomfort to occupants. In this paper, a scale for evaluating discomfort by cool air jets is derived. The experiments give us characteristics, which enable us to estimate first, the value of the maximum air velocity in the occupied space and second, the value of the discomfort scale on the point where the cool jet drops. Based on the analysis for minimizing discomfort, an optimum set of values for the outlet conditions is suggested.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1139K) -
市川 裕通原稿種別: 本文
1981 年302 巻 p. 57-66
発行日: 1981/04/30
公開日: 2017/08/22
ジャーナル フリーThe term "hour shadow" in the title means an area bounded by a shadow curve of n-hours and a portion of walls of a building. In this paper the author deals with two problems of "hour shadow". One is the relation between the plan of a single straight block and the critical height of the block. The critical height of the building means the following; An increase of height of the building produces an enlargement of the area of "hour shadow" up to a certain point, beyond which any further increase produces no further change in the area of "hour shadow" upon the ground. Another is the relation between proportions of the building and the area of "hour shadow". In any case dealt here, the long axis of a single straight block runs north and south, or east and west. Moreover, the shadow curves in this study are made from shadows cast by a building at the winter solstice in Tokyo (Lat.35°41'N). The results are as follows. (1) The critical height of the building is decided by aspect ratio of the plan. (2) The area of "hour shadow" of the building is decided by both aspect ratio of the plan and ratio of slenderness of the elevation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (926K) -
内田 祥哉, 直井 英雄, 三浦 武広, 松尾 幸晴原稿種別: 本文
1981 年302 巻 p. 67-75
発行日: 1981/04/30
公開日: 2017/08/22
ジャーナル フリーThis is a basic study on how to prevent injuries related to flat glass, by clarifying the correlation between the strength of flat glass during private life at home. The study consists of two parts. This paper, as Part Two of the study, as Part Two of the study, deals with the strength of human impact estimated on existing data. It also proves that the correlation observed between the thus estimated human impact and the strength of flat glass obtained in Part One duly applies to the actual cases of flat glass breakage.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1050K) -
青木 正夫, 河野 泰治, 竹下 輝和, 北岡 敏郎原稿種別: 本文
1981 年302 巻 p. 77-86
発行日: 1981/04/30
公開日: 2017/08/22
ジャーナル フリー(1) 3才未満児保育における保育室の用途分化を規定する主要因として, 「転換時」の保母の介助行為の他に, 基本的生活行為の営みのための始末と準備行為の継起を指摘しうる。(2) この始末と準備行為の継起に関して3才未満児保育においては, 「展開時」行為中に次の準備行為が行われるという独自な継起の営み方がみられ, これを「準備行為先行型」として概念規定する。(3) 一方の準備行為非先行型での継起の営み方には, 「展開時」行為の非安定的継続と「転換時」における行動制御のための保育の中断化という矛盾がみられる。(4) 「準備行為先行型」は, 行為の円滑な転換を保証し, 且つこうした矛盾を解決して秩序ある転換を可能とする3才未満児保育において法則的に根拠を得た営み方である。(5) この「準備行為先行型」の体系的な営みは, 平面の用途分化を前提として成立し, 「展開時」行為の場と, 次の準備のための場の他に, 「逃げの空間」が不可欠である。この「逃げの空間」の概念が, 平面用途構成上のきわめて重要な要素である。(6) 平面用途の分化要求を再構成すると, 未分化型, 分化型L, 分化型Uが設定できる。いずれの平面用途構成型においても「逃げの空間」の機能設定と有効な配置が, 主要な課題となる。抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1340K) -
岡崎 甚幸, 松下 聡原稿種別: 本文
1981 年302 巻 p. 87-93
発行日: 1981/04/30
公開日: 2017/08/22
ジャーナル フリーThis is a study of computer simulation model of a proubing walk and a guide walk displaying the pedestrian movement and the plan of building as pedestrian field on the Cathod Ray Tube. The pedestrian field is surrounded by polygonal line which is composed of vectors indicating walls. A node of two wall vectors, that is convex into the pedestrian field is a corner of pedestrian field. A pedestrian walks proubing the appropriate corner where he turns to walk to another appropriate corners until he finds his destination field unit. A guideboard, indicating the number of one of destination field units and the direction to the unit, helps a pedestrian to choose the appropriate corner. The model made the pedestrian movement in, the maze and movement in the station with guideboards possible.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1182K) -
佐藤 滋, 戸沼 幸市原稿種別: 本文
1981 年302 巻 p. 95-106
発行日: 1981/04/30
公開日: 2017/08/22
ジャーナル フリーIn this study the transformation processes of urban sizes and densities from 1960 to 1975 are analized. For the purpose of this, we used census data about Densely Inhabited District (DID) "which is defided as an area within a shi, ku, machi or mura that is composed of a group of contiguous enumeration districts each of which has a population density of about 4000 inhabitants or more per square kilometer, and whose total population exceeds 5000 as of 1 October 1960, 1965, 1970, 1975." And DID's were originally established in each shi, ku, machi, mura. However, the contiguous DID's spreading over the boundary of shi, ku, machi, mura are counted as one contiguous DID in this study. So, Tokyo contiguous DID which is equal to Tokyo Metropolitan Area has 19.3 millions inhabitants and 1909 square kilometers. And we defined Urban Size Index which is product of DID's population and area. The findings are as following. i) There are remarkable differences among three periods from 1960 to 1975. In the first period (1960-1965), rapid urban growth had occured only in the three metropolitan areas, Tokyo, Osaka, Nagoya. So we could name this period "the preparation period for next rapid expansion". And many DID's had rapid growth tendencies on size and declining tendencies on density all over the country in the second period. So we named this period "the rapid expanding period". The third period (1970-1975) is "the settling period", when the number of of the DID's that grew with resing tendencies on density had been increasing. We could characterize the three periods as This. ii) We found regional characteristics of urban growth in relation with these three periods. In general, urban growth power had been only in the three metropolitan areas in the first period, and it had expanded to the Middle Japan (Kanto, Chubu, Kinki Region) in the second periods. And we can point out that the power extended to the South Japan (Chugoku, Sikoku, Kyushyu Region) which includs the Coastal Area of the Inland Sea of Seto which forms a part of "Tokaido Belt Chitai (the Megalopolis of the Coastal Zone of the Pacific Ocean)" in the third period (1970-1975). But the urban growth power had never extended to the whole area in the North Japan (Hokkaido, Tohoku and Hokuriku Region) in even the third period. iii) The changing process of DID's size and density is affected by its size. Some of DID's whose Urban Size Index is 100000 (person・km^2) or less are growing rapidly and some of them have declining tendencies on their sizes. But the DID's whose Urban Size Index is 1000000 (person・km^2) or more have necessarily gradual growing tendencies.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1638K) -
玉置 伸〓, 近藤 達男原稿種別: 本文
1981 年302 巻 p. 107-119
発行日: 1981/04/30
公開日: 2017/08/22
ジャーナル フリー以上の分析結果をまとめると次のようになる。1. 宅地間口ならびに宅地面積は街区ごとにある個有の収束範囲をもつ。2. 収束性はとりわけ間口分布において顕著であり, すべての地区において間口の収束度が面積のそれを陵駕している。これまで住宅地といえばとかく面積に比重が置かれ一定規模の確保ということに関心が向けられてきたにもかかわらず, 上記の事実は既成市街地内宅地においてはその空間決定要素としての間口の重要性を示唆している。3. 間口の収束範囲は5m台が最も顕著であり, 収束の趨勢も5m台に向っている。したがって歴史的既成市街地における宅地において, 5m台の間口が最も代表的な位置を占めていることが予測される。4. 細分化の程度は, 地区の歴史的な基盤に由来するものであると同時に, 現在でも社会的階層と密接に関係している。5. 細分化の時期や発生度合はその地区の状況に応じて様々であるが, 細分化は相対的に大規模な間口-10mないしは12m以上の間口-に発生する確率が高い。そして大規模な間口が細分され, 5m台を中心とした収束範囲が形成されるに従って細分活動は停滞する。以上, 宅地間口は, 相対的絶対的に著しい収束性を示す事実から, 宅地空間決定要素としてきわめて重要な位置を占めることが明らかである。このことは, 市街地内住宅地においては, とりもなおさず立地する住宅に対しての空間規定要素となるし, 一方, 社会・経済的要因と住宅計画上の必然性がこのような収束を促した結果でもある。また宅地間口は5m台に収束する傾向ならびにその実態により, 5m台という範囲が代表的宅地間口規模であることが確認できたが, それは住宅間口に置換えれば一般的に3間(げん)に相当する。したがって, 今後, 視点を宅地から住宅に転じ, 間口3間の住宅を中心として住空間分析を進めていく必要がある。次稿では, 収束範囲である2間から4間程度の小間口住宅について平面上の物的特性(間取り, 広さ, 設備空間, 動線等)を検討することによって既成市街地内住宅における間口収束傾向の必然性を明らかにしていく予定である。抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1537K) -
山本 明原稿種別: 本文
1981 年302 巻 p. 121-127
発行日: 1981/04/30
公開日: 2017/08/22
ジャーナル フリーIn this paper, I researched characteristic index of demand and supply which indicates the are aand supplying ratio regarding the circulation of fruits and vegetables controlled under wholesale market. First, using factor analysis, I clarified the differences in eight regional characters among one hundred cities in Japan. Secondly, I have found two factors correlated with the characteristic index, using multiple regression analysis. One is the accumlation of commerce and the other is the manner of employment influenced by manufacture. These two factors are useful for qualitative grasp on the subject of perishable foodstuff's circulation controlled under wholesale market.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1092K) -
塩谷 寿翁, 月形 秀和原稿種別: 本文
1981 年302 巻 p. 129-143
発行日: 1981/04/30
公開日: 2017/08/22
ジャーナル フリーThis study covers the period before and after the "Living Reform" that took place during the days of high economic growth in the 1960's and deals chronologically with the changes in the architecture of houses and with the type of possessions of household goods in these houses. The aim of this study is to clarify the trend in the development of housing and in living behavior, when viewed from a materialistic point of view. This paper deals with the houses of a fishing hamlet in Okinoshima Island, Lake Biwa, where a chronological comparison of the style of living of individual families in their houses, involving delving into basic conditions, has become possible. A survey was carried out previously in August, 1958 by the office to which this author belongs, regarding the houses of the hamlet under study in this paper, exclusively with regard to the households and their houses. In the present follow-up study, the survey has been directed towards the fishing houses of the same hamlet as the "1958 Survey" for a chronological comparison of the two years, i. e., 1958 and 1977. The table of contents of this paper are : 1) Constitutional changes in the dwelling groupes in the two years referred to above. 2) Constitutional changes in the dwelling houses and their improvements. 3) Composition of living room and its use. 4) The daily use of household goods and changes in living style. 5) Possession of household goods and actual style of living. The living style of the families under survey through the two years referred to above, though improved considerably, conservatively retains the intrinsic "type of living style", indicating a tendency towards a gradual shift in the basic frame of a conventional way of life and composition of dwellings, triggered off by the need to expand the living areas due to the growth of the families as well as by the positive purchase of household goods. Viewed also from the point of view of the attributes of the houses and the possession of household goods, the houses and the mode of living in the fishing village under survey, are still in the process of transformation. The index that typifies the dwelling requirements still remains fluid and unsettled.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2047K) -
小幡 一原稿種別: 本文
1981 年302 巻 p. 145-152
発行日: 1981/04/30
公開日: 2017/08/22
ジャーナル フリーUm die angewandte Kunst, die eigens das hessische Gewerbe zu neuen Leistungen anregen sollte, wieder zu beleben, fand 1901 in Darmstadt eine neuartige Ausstellung auf der Mathildenhohe, einem ehemaligen groβherzoglichen Park, statt. Man sah die Ausstellung als ein Dokument deutscher Kunst. Aber nach der Offnung der Ausstellung kamen oft heftige Kritiken : man sah sie z. B. als "Personlichkeitsdokumente". Das Ganze war schlieβlich auch ein finanzieller Miβerfolg. In dem ersten Teil dieses Aufsatzes wurden die idealistischen Hoffnungen des Volkes vor Ausstellung 1901 erklart. Dieser zweite Teil behandelt die realistischen Forderungen nach der Ausstellung, d. h. die volkswirtschaftlichen und politischen Hintergrunde, und den Unterschied zwischen "Haus Olbrich" und "Haus Behrens", dem ersten Bau von Peter Behrens als Architekt. Ferner wird eingegangen auf andere Ausstellungsbauten Olbrichs, die er bis zu seinem Tode im Jahre 1908 in Darmstadt errichtet hatte, namlich die Dreihausergruppe (1904), den Hochzeitsturm, die Ausstellungshalle und das Haus Opel (1908). Mit wenigen Worten wird auch die letzte Ausstellung in Darmstadt, die im Jahre 1914 stattfand, eingegangen. Zum Schluβ wird verdeutlicht, wie die Groβherzogs Idee, als Mazen und Herrscher die Ausstellungen von 1901〜1914 zu initiieren, realisiert wurde und wie schlieβlich sein Einfluβ auf die Kunstlerkolonie war.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1929K) -
上松 佑二原稿種別: 本文
1981 年302 巻 p. 153-162
発行日: 1981/04/30
公開日: 2017/08/22
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (1525K)
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