Von drei unter gleichen Lebensbedingungen gut gefütterten Kaninchen (Nr. 1-3, Körpergewicht 1.9-2.1kg.) wurden zuerst kleine Leberstücke zur Kontrolle operativ herausgeschnitten, dann wurde eine 10% Glykogenlösung je 10cc in die V. mesenterica injiziert, darauf wurde in der 5., 10., 30., 45. Minute, 1., 3., 6., 8., 12., 24. und 48. Stunde nach der Injektion ein kleines Leberstück abwechselnd von den drei Kaninchen, wie in Tabelle 1 gezeigt, operativ herausgeschnitten und zusammen mit den Kontrollstücken zur histologischen Beobachtung benutzt. Daher wurden kleine Leberstücke von jedem Kaninchen je 5 Mal in verschiedenen zeitlichen Abstanden herausgeschnitten. Alle Leberstücke wurden sofort nach dem Herausschneiden in ZENKER-Formol und LEVIschem Gemisch fixiert und die Paraffinischnitte wurden respektiv mit PAS (Überjodsäure-SCHIFF-scher Reaktion) und Azanfärbung tingiert. Bei den ZENKER-Formol-PAS-Präparaten wurde die Schwankung des Glykogengehalts der Leber- und Fettspeicherungszellen und die Glykogenspeicherung der Sternzellen sowie Leukocyten verfolgt, bei den LEVI-Azan-Präparaten die Schwankung des Fettgehalts der Fettspeicherungszellen beobachtet.
Das in die V. mesenterica injizierte Glykogen läßt sich durch die Sternzellen und polymorphkernigen Leukocyten in der Leber aufspeichern und darin verarbeiten, dabei entfalten die Leberzellen und Fettspeicherungszellen kein Speicherungsvermögen. Bei den normalen Kaninchen (Kontrollstücke) enthalten die Sternzellen nur ausnahmsweise Glykogengranula in sehr kleiner Menge. Nach der Glykogeninjektion in V. mesenterica tritt schon in der 5. Minute das Bild der Glykogenadsorption auf der Oberfläche der Sternzellen auf, es fängt in der 10. Minute die Glykogenspeicherung der Sternzellen an, aber his auf die 45. Minute ist die Menge des von diesen Zellen gespeicherten Glykogens klein und es scheint sich nur um eine vorläufige Periode der Glykogenspeicherung zu handeln. In der 1. Stunde nach der Injektion nimmt der Glykogengehalt der Sternzellen plötzlich auffallend zu und erreicht das Maximum, was natürlich auf die stark erhöhte Glykogenspeicherung der Sternzellen hinweist, Nach der 3. Stunde nimmt dagegen der Glykogengehalt plötzlich ab und die Tätigkeit der Glykogenspeicherung der Sternzellen setzt sich herab.
Bei normalen Kaninchen (Kontrollstücke) enthalten die polymorphkernigen (pseudoeosinophilen) Leukocyten in Lebersinusoiden das Glykogen diffus im Cytoplasma in kleiner Menge. In der 10. Minute nach der intravenösen Glykogeninjektion treten oberflächliche Adsorption und Aufspeicherung des Glykogens bei einer Anzahl Leukocyten ein, aber bis auf die 1. Stunde ist die aufgespeicherte Glykogenmenge klein, so daß es sich um eine vorläufige Periode der Glykogenspeicherung zu handeln scheint. In der 3. Stunde nach der Glykogeninjektion steigt die Glykogenmenge der Leukocyten plötzlich empor, um in der 6. Stunde das Maxinum zu erreichen, woraus man ersehen kann, daß in diesen Perioden das Glykogenspeicherungsvermögen der Leukocyten merklich befördert ist. Von der 6. Stunde an setzt sich die Glykogenspeicherung der Leukocyten allmählich herab, während das aufgespeicherte Glykogen der Leukocyten sogar nach der 12. Stunde noch eine ziemlich große Menge behält. Nach der 24. Stunde wird die Menge des von Leukocyten gespeichten Glykogens aber verschwindend klein.
In der Periode von der 3. bis 12. Stunde nach der Glykogeninjektion, in denen die Leukocyten eine lebhafte Speicherungstätigkeit des Glykogens zeigen, nimmt die Zahl der in Lebersinusoiden enthaltenen Leukocyten beträchtlich zu.
Sowohl die Sternzellen als auch die Leukocyten entfalten, wie oben erwähnt, nach einer vorläufigen Periode der schwachen Glykogenspeicherung die eigentliche Speiceherungstätigkeit.

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1. In a total of 23 adult rabbits, the right common carotid artery was tied by two ligatures about 10mm apart, and the reaction of endothelial cells in the enclosed segment of artery has been observed. Every animal was injected intravenously with 5-10ml of 1% trypan blue solution every day up to the 6th day after ligation of artery and every other day thereafter.
2. In the ligated segment of artery, blood usually remained fluid but in some instances it clotted to a lesser or greater degree. The whtie blood cells (pseudoeosinophil leucocytes and lymphocytes) underwent degeneration for the most part several days after ligation and disappeared almost completely at 12 days; whereas the red blood cells persisted for from 14 to 28 days.
3. The endothelial cells began to grow in size soon after ligation and were in active prolifertion at 7 to 10 days. During this process, some of endothelial cells assumed an oval or rounded shape, became desquamated from the lining layer of the lumen and resembled macrophages, especially at 4 days.
4. In cases in which blood did not coagulate after ligation, proliferation of endothelial cells took place exclusively in concentric arrangement and resulted in a considerable intimal thickening after 28 days; whereas in others in which coagulation of blood occurred to a lesser or greater degree, the endothelial cells invaded the thrombus from all sides and grew into it along fibrin threads in an interlacing fashion, often leading to the formation of cavernoma in 20 to 28 days.
5. The proliferating endothelial cells often resembled fibroblasts, sometimes histiocytes or macrophages, but no evidence was obtained in support of a direct transformation of endothelial cells into the latter cell types.
6. Throughout the experimental period up to 28th day after ligation, myeloid immature blood cells never appeared in the enclosed segment of artery.
7. On the basis of these findings the developmental potency of common endothelial cells of blood vessels was discussed.

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正常家兎と高度肝臓障害を起した家兎の間の血清中ヒアルロニダーゼ抑制物質の関係を調べた. 或個体では明らかに肝蔵障害によりヒアルロニダーゼ抑制物質が減少したが, 余り差の認められない個体もあった. 背部皮下結合織細胞は肝臓障害により形態的に萎縮した像が認められた.

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硫化ソーダ溶液を長期間に亙って成熟と幼若の家兎に静注し, 組織に次のような変化が見られた.
硫化ソーダを静注された動物の動脉の中膜と軟骨の基質にトルイヂン青で異調染色する物質が大いに増加する. また動脉の中膜の弾性成分と軟骨の基質の過ヨード酸-Schiff 反応の強さが著しく高まる. 同時にアザン染色で動脉の中膜と軟骨の基質の分子的構造密度 (超構密度) が低下することが証明せられる.
また幼若動物での実験にて動脉の中膜の基質にイリゾールエヒト菫で染まる類脂質が著しく減ずるのが見られた.
なお, 硫化ソーダを静注された動物の脳組織では Golgi 氏法の変法 (重クロム-ホルマリン銀法) にて神経細胞と大膠細胞が対照に較べて数多く銀黒され, Rio-Hortega 氏稀突起膠細胞銀染法では稀突起膠細胞のみならず Hortega 細胞, 大膠細胞, 神経細胞が数多く銀黒される.
硫化ソーダを長期間静注されると, 皮下の結合組織の線維細胞が痩せ, 減少し, 線組球が増加し, 空胞を数多く持つようになる.

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SANO has found neurosecretory anterior horn cells in the lumbosacral portion of the spinal cord of the bird. With Gallus domesticus as a material, phase contrast microscopic observation was held upon them.
In the unfixed section, the NISSL's substances are found all over the area of the cytoplasm, looking dark in using P. L. (positive, low), and are observed as irregular, indistinct, variously outlined, large and small granular or cloddy substances. The findings of them are in accord with those in NISSL-stained section. The neurosecretory granules are observed as homogeneous, spherical granules among NISSL's substances, looking darker than the latter in using P. L., while they stand clear in conspicuous contrast against the dark cytoplasmic background in using N. M. (negative, medium). The NISSL's substances do not manifest such a distinct reversion.
The above-mentioned are also true in sections fixed in BOUIN's fluid. Moreover, when the same section is stained with MANN's methylblue-eosin, the neurosecretory granules become stained fresh red. Unlike the neurosecretory granules in the hypothalamus, these neurosecretory granules in the lumbosacral portion of the spinal cord do not lose their form and shape in materials fixed with alcohol, nor change their stainability.
The GOLGI apparatus is observed neither in the unfixed section, nor in BOUIN's fixed section, nor in the alcohol-fixed section, but, if the section is fixed by AOYAMA's method, it can be observed by phase contrast method as canalicular structure variously formed and shaped even without silver impregnation.

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Neurosecretory cells are always found in the anterior horn of the lumbosacral portion of the avian spinal cord (SANO). Ontogenetic observation was held upon them using Gallus domesticus as material.
By MANN'S, or azan or DOMINICI's staining, no anterior horn cells having the inclusion of neurosecretory granules are found in the embryos during the incubation, but in chickens older than 15 days, cells with inclusions which are considered to be neurosecretory granules are seen. The number of secretory granules included in the anterior horn cell and that of such cells themselves increase along with the chicken's growth, and, in 120 days old chickens, the anterior horn cells having neurosecretory granules are observed in every transversal section through the spinal cord with the lumbosacral crest (WATTERSON's glycogen body). The density of the distribution of these cells is the greatest at the height corresponding to the middle part of the lumbosacral crest, whence it tends to grow less and less as it goes upwards and downwards as well.
While, on the other hand, the NISSL's substance already appears as a substance homogeneously stained blue in embryos about 8 days old in incubation, and, on about 15th day of incubation, it assumes a cloddy form and shape. Hence, as far as the ontogenetic process of neurosecretory cells in this portion is concerned, there is a remarkable discrepancy of time between the appearance of neurosecretory granules and that of the NISSL's substance.

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1. Albino rats, weighing 150-200gm (3-5 months of age), were treated with repeated subcutaneous injections of 1cc. of 1% aqueous solution of trypan blue (E. MERK), and the reactions of reticulo-endothelial cells in the liver, spleen, lymph nodes, bone marrow and other organs have been observed.
2. When injection of trypan blue had been repeated twice or once weekly, or fortnightly, foci of round cells began to appear in the interlobular spaces of the liver after 2-3 months and grew rapidly in size thereafter, so that after 7-8 months they became visible by the naked eye (Figs. 1-2). The majority of the cells constituting the newly-formed cell foci were storing trypan blue in relatively large granules as did the stellate cells of KUPFFER (Fig. 3). Splenectomy, that had been performed one month prior to the injection of trypan blue, enhanced the formation of foci of round cells in the liver to some extent (Fig. 1).
3. After treatment with twice daily injections of trypan blue for 7-14 days, the stellate cells of the liver became markedly swollen, assuming an oval or rounded shape, and were in active proliferation. Mitotic figures were frequently seen in the swollen stellate cells (Figs. 5-6). In organs other than the liver, however, such proliferative reaction of reticuloendothelial cells occurred only to a much lesser degree (Fig. 7).
4. The swollen stellate cells of the liver, which had became desquamated from the sinusoidal wall, appeared to be transferred by the blood stream to the lung where large round cells stroring trypan blue greatly increased in number (Figs. 9-10). However, some of these cells immediately migrated into the interlobular spaces (Fig. 4).
5. The stellate cells of the liver in mitosis usually did not contain trypan blue granules in their cell body, but some of the dividing cells apparently showed dye-storing ability (Fig. 6). In the former case, the stellate cells in mitosis were discriminated from other cells by the form and size of their cell body and by the site of their occurrence (Fig. 5).
6. The claim of previous investigators such as SSYSSOJEW (1926) and MALYSCHEW (1927), that stellate cells of Kupffer and other reticuloendothelial cells may transform into blood cells during the processes of their proliferation, could not be verified in the present observations.
7. On the basis of the findings outlined above, it is evident that active proliferation of stellate cells of the liver may be induced by repeated injections of trypan blue, and it seem reasonable to consider proliferation of stellate cells to be one of the major factors responsible for the formation of foci of round cells in the interlobular spaces of the liver.

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