The capitalistic economy has brought regional concentration of economic activities. The degree of the concentration is called “REGIONAL DIFFERENTIAL”.
This report is focused on industrial activities. Therefore, we call the concentration “INDUSTRIAL REGIONAL DIFFERENTIAL (I.R.D.)”.
I.R.D. influences the residents' life directly or indirectly. To survey it is the basis for regional development and planning as well as industrial growth. Besides, this report refers to applied geography.
The method of this study is analyzed by the author's formula of No.I∼III and No.a∼f, and its index is the number of factories, employees, output-value and local government's dimensions (prefecture, city, town and village).
To begin with, the author calculated the coefficient of concentration of factory, employee, and the regional productivity in 1935, 1945, 1962 of all prefectures by the No.I∼III. Its results were shown to the graph (Fig. 5). According to the graph, the prefectures on Pacific Ocean revealed notable concentration, but in the prefectures on Sea of Japan this was little recognized. For West Japan the degree of concentration is high in the prefectures on Seto Inland Sea, and it is low in the other prefectures. On this basis we made a trial of regional devisions with the coefficient of factory concentration of manufacturing activities in 1962 (Fig. 3).
Besides the author limited consideration to four zones by the configuration of West Japan and considered the I.R.D.. The configurational boundaries are Chugoku Mts., Seto Inland Sea, Izumi Mts., Shikoku Mts. and Kyusyu Mts..
The inside zones are two places along Seto Inland Sea and the degree of concentration is high. Particularly its northern zone (Sanyo, Northern Kyusyu districts) are marked with concentration. On the other hand, the outside zones are two prefectures of the north district of Chugoku Mts. and south of Izumi Mts., Shikoku Mts. and Kyusyu Mts. (Wakayama, Tokushima, Kochi, Miyazaki and Kagoshima prefectures), and the coefficient of concentration is low.
The next analysis is calculated by No.a∼c in regard to 1, 470 local governments (city, town, village) area, with established manufacturing areas and classification of it by regional productivity. In the results West Japan included 79 manufacturing areas on 1962 (Table 2). And the classification is leveled at a coefficient of over 30.0 (8), 20.0∼29.9 (9), 10.0∼19.9 (13), 5.0∼9.9 (13), 0.0∼4.9 (36).……() number of manufacturing area.
Then the manufacturing area included the city as “CORE”. Therefore, we took industrial structure of cities and manufacturing areas by No.d∼f, chiefly from the point of view of factory and labor productivities. On that occasion 79 manufacturing areas were divided into the five types. Namely, (1) A group (two coefficients of productivity over 20.0), (2) B group (both 10.0∼20.0), (3) C group (factory productivity 2.5∼10.0, labor productivity -2.5∼2.5 or the former 0.0∼10.0, the latter 2.5∼10.0), (4) D group (both -2.5∼2.5), (5) Egroup (both under -2.5). (Fig. 9)
Table 5 synthesized the results of the above. In short West Japan included 79 manufacturing areas, and its I.R.D. was explained clearly.
Particularly the Northern zone of the Inside area continues to be the highest marine manufacturing area, but on the outside there is a tendency to sectional concentration.

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Hyomotsu products were a very important export of the Nagasaki Trade to the Modern age Ch'ing dynasty (China). In China the demand for them was very great because they were first-class food articles and were imported from Japan, southeast Asia and the south pacific. Hyomotsu means commodities packed in straw bags; and among the main items are dried sea cucumbers, abalones, shark fins.
Recently, some investigators have studied the production and circulation of Hyomotsu products of these areas. Collecting system of Hyomotsu by local feudal government was the center of historians' interest. But the organization and system of products remained to be studied. This is the present writer's second paper on this title. In the previous paper major periods of trading system were discussed; the monopolistic contract by Nagasaki merchants (1774∼1784), the direct purchase by Nagasaki Hyomotsu Products Office, the branch office of Shogunate (1785∼1806) and purchase by Hans government office (1807∼1865).
In this connection, attention is focused upon how Hyomotsu were collected by fishers in a small island named Sago and monopolized under the feudal system; a developed system of fishery by the feudal ruler, the change in economic status of the people engaged in collecting sea products, etc.
Subsistence crops (rice, sweet potatoes and some other coarse cereals) were cultivated in the island, but their products were not sufficient to feed the local people. In order to cover the expense for transported food and other expenditure, people pursued cottage industry and fishing. The cottage industry-cotton weaving-played the most important part in the commercial products of this island and fishing ranked second.
Sardines, sea cucumbers, gray mullets, saurels and snappers were among the main sea products. In view of production, sea cucumbers ranked next to sardines which were most commonly used for fertilizer. However, sea cucumbers were beyond comparison with other sea products in view of commodities; sea cucumbers were collected by a special organization and transported as far as China.
Sea cucumbers were gathered by fishers on boats. With the passage of time, this work was left to the poorer fishers only. This is the reflection of change in advance system of loan; previously fishers could operate their collection of sea cucumbers with an advanced loan but they degenerated to wage labours employed by a local subcontractor. This caused a 20% decrease in the production from 1770 to 1821.

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