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Volume 73, Issue 6
Displaying 1-14 of 14 articles from this issue
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Tomoko KITAHASHI, Toshimitsu TANAKA, Etsuko UTAGAWA1999 Volume 73 Issue 6 Pages 559-564
Published: June 20, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSRSV, astrovirus in tvirus and HAV genomes were detected by RT-PCR in naturally grown oysters (total112) collected in Chiba City bay, Japan, through a year from April, 1997to March, 1998 and genogroup was typed by sequencing.
SRSV positive products were detected by RT-PCR from 28 out of 112 oysters and all of them were grouped into G-II by sequencing. The highest incidence was observed in February, 1998. Furthermore, astrovirus positive products were detected sporadically from 15 out of 112 samples and the highest incidence was observed in January, 1998. On the other hand, HAV was detected from only 2 out of 112 and no adenovirus positive product was detected.
The results indicated that both SRSV and astrovirus were predominantly distributed into naturally grown oysters in the winter season. SRSV and astrovirus seem to contribute mainly to the foodborn outbreaks of gastroenteritis occurred by eating contaminated oysters as causative agents.View full abstractDownload PDF (2636K) -
Hirokazu UDAGAWA, Hideki SHISHIDO, Takeshi ITOH, Masao SHINGAKI, Satos ...1999 Volume 73 Issue 6 Pages 565-569
Published: June 20, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe determined the MICs of clarithromycin for 32 Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from gastric mucosa of patients, by using microdilution broth method under different microaerobic conditions (CO2: 5% and 15%). The pH of broth was more acidic at 15% CO2than that of at 5% CO2. The MICs of clarithromycin for all H. pylori strains at15% CO2 condition werehigher than that of clarithromycin at 5% CO2, condition. Comparing the MICs with the results of eradication therapy, we concluded that the measurment of MIC under 5% CO2, condition is more useful for expecting the clinical outcome.View full abstractDownload PDF (651K) -
Yoshihiro KOBASHI, Kazue FUJITA, Takayuki KARINO, Tatsutoshi YANO, Jun ...1999 Volume 73 Issue 6 Pages 570-577
Published: June 20, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo determine which factors are important in predicting the outcome of patients with severe pneumonia requiring mechanical ventilation, we compared 43 surviving pneumonic patients with 37 non-surviving pneumonic patients.
The following results were obtained. The following characteristics were noted in the nonsurviving patients as compared with surviving patients; 1. a worsening of performance status in the background, 2. presence of physical signs such as hypotension and trachycardia, 3. abnormal laboratory data such as leukocytosis, lymphocytopenia, hypoalbuminemia, hepatorenal dysfunction and metabolic acidosis, 4. presence of massive pulmonary infiltrations on chest roentgenograms, 5. a prevalence of resistant microorganisms for many antibiotics such as MRSA (Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus). These results suggest that the most important factor affecting the prognosis of patients with severe pneumonia requiring mechanical ventilation may by the condition of the host and of the microorganisms rather than antibiotic treatment.View full abstractDownload PDF (1309K) -
Sachiko KOBAYASHI, Masaaki KOBAYASHI, Kazuko ARAKI, Tatsuhiko SHINOZAK ...1999 Volume 73 Issue 6 Pages 578-583
Published: June 20, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA study on the prevalence of antibodies against human astrovirus serotype 1 (HAstV-1) and 2 (HAstV-2) was carried out in 170 serum samples obtained from different age groups in Tokyo and Saitama, Japan. Prevalence of specific IgG antibodies to both HAstVs showed decreasing tendency after birth and reached a minimum at the 3-5 months age group. Then, prevalence of antibodies to both serotypes increased after 6 months old, and nearly reach to 100% by the third year of life.
The antibody titer to both HAstVs in sera revealed same pattern of antibody prevalence. The sera collected during epidemic season between January and June, had more higher titer of antibody to HAstVs than sera of non-epidemic season between July and December.
Our results indicate that the infection of astrovirus in community may be more frequently than previous reports, and infection mainly occur in the 6-11 months age group.View full abstractDownload PDF (1030K) -
Ken MORIMOTO, Mikio FUJIMOTO1999 Volume 73 Issue 6 Pages 584-592
Published: June 20, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the Kinki District (Hyogo area, Osaka City area, Osaka Outskirts area, Nara area and Wakayama area), a questionnaire survey of 30 institutions was conducted for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (PRSP). Median number of their bed was 500 ranging O to 1076. 3239 (56%) of the 5815 strains of S. aureus were methicillin-resistant. Although no different prevalence was found among the areas, they were predominatly isolated from sputum of inpatients more than from outpatients. 336 (44%) of the 763 strains of S. pneumoniae were penicillin-resistant. The prevalence rate was the highest in the outpatients in Osaka outskirts. Almost all strains of MRSA were sensitive to vancomycin (VCM) and sulfamethoxazole trimethoprim (ST). Resistant strains were observed in 2% against arbekacin, 6% against amikacin, 44% against minocycline (MINO), and in 54% against gentamicin (GM). Almost all strainsof PRSP were sensitive to VCM and ST. Resistant strains were observed in 75% against erythromycin, 50% against MINO, and 75% against GM. This survey identified the trend of hospital infection for MRSA and community infection for PRSP, and sensitive drugs for the treatment.View full abstractDownload PDF (1363K) -
Naoto SUGAWARA, Takeshi SAIKA, Miyuki HASEGAWA, Intetsu KOBAYASHI, Fum ...1999 Volume 73 Issue 6 Pages 593-599
Published: June 20, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe developed the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detection of serum IgM and IgG antibodies to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Escherichia coli O157: H7 (VT1+, VT2+) isolated from a clinical sample. We tested the patient's sample with hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) and hemorrhagic colitis (HC). And we evaluated the value of sample OD to cut off control OD as the Index. The CVs obtained in precision studies were below 10% for intra-and inter-assay, respectively. The cut off index value of infants and children (0to5years) was 0.60 for IgM and 0.95 for IgG. Moreover we investigated the specificity to E. coli O157from other E. coli serotypes in this method. From these results, O27 serotype was crossreacted in this assay, but other serotypes were not reacted. In the patients with HUS and HC, some cases were already positive for IgM at 3days, but for IgG8days were needed for it to become positive. We concluded that this ELISA for IgM and IgG for E. coli O157 LPS have a useful performance, and might be the useful tool for rapid diagnosis for E. coli O157 infection.View full abstractDownload PDF (1062K) -
Naohide TAKAYAMA, Kunio OKUMA, Hitoshi SAKUMA1999 Volume 73 Issue 6 Pages 600-601
Published: June 20, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA female, 25 years of age, came to our clinic to receive pre-exposure immunization against rabies. In another hospital she was tested to find out whether she was allergic to the components of rabies vaccine (PCEC) manufactured by the Chemo-Sero-Theraptic Research Institute (Kaketsuken) by cutaneous reaction using a 2, 000-fold diluted PCEC. She showed a positive reaction. In our clinic she was again examined by skin test using 0.1ml of 10-fold diluted PCEC. She showed wheal and flare reaction. Further we tested using 0.05ml and 0.1ml of non-diluted PCEC. Her skin reaction did not increase by several mm in diameter. So we decided to immunized her against rabies with intradermal injections of PCEC instead of subcutaneous injections that is indicated by the manufacturer. The second intradermal injections were done to right and left forearms a week later. Then the third shot was given 4weeks after the second. At 2 weeks after the third injection her blood sample was taken to measure anti-rabies antibody titer by ELISA method with Platelia rabies kit (Diagnostic Pasteur. France). She had 6.7U/ml of anti-rabies ELISA antibody that was much higher than the protective level (0.5 IU/ml) officially recognized by WHO. Therefore, it is concluded that she had produced sufficiently high level of anti-rabies antibody with intradermal injection of PCEC. It is reasonably recommended to investigate further if the intradermal injection of PCEC will be an effective method as a pre-exposure immunization against rabies.View full abstractDownload PDF (342K) -
Niro OKIMOTO, Kazue FUJITA, Takayuki KARINO, Tatsutoshi YANO, Yoshihir ...1999 Volume 73 Issue 6 Pages 602-605
Published: June 20, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe reported three cases of pneumonia due to mixed infection of bacteria (2cases: Streptococcus pneumoniae, 1case: methicilline-sensitive Stapholococcus aureus) and Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Increased serum antibody titers of M. pneumoniae were noted in all cases. They were a 36-year-oldfemale with bronchial asthma, a 74-year-old-male with old pulmonary tuberculosis and a 82-year-oldmale with chronic bronchitis. All cases had fever, productive cough with purulent sputum and coarse crackle by auscultation. Leukocytosis was noted in 2cases. Chest X-rayfilms showed dense consolidation in all cases. 2cases were cured by administration of cephems and1case was cured by administration of carbapenems and minocycline.View full abstractDownload PDF (1854K) -
Naruhiko ISHIWADA, Masami MIYAKE, Haruo KUROKI, Akira NAKAMURA, Masato ...1999 Volume 73 Issue 6 Pages 606-608
Published: June 20, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS -
Tadanobu OKUBO, Atsushi IHATA, Mitsuyuki NAKAMURA, Atsuhisa UEDA, Shig ...1999 Volume 73 Issue 6 Pages 609-613
Published: June 20, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe patient, a 51-year-old male with a two year history of AIDS, was admitted to our hospital because of hemiparalysis and vomiting. The MRI study showed multiple lesions with ring-enhancement in the right basal brain area. Empirical therapy for toxoplasma encephalitis was started. After 64 days, the subsequent brain MRI showed deterioration. A 201T1-SPECT study was performed and the findings were consistent with those of malignant lymphoma (ML). The patient was treated with 40 Gy of whole brain radiation, MRI showed partial response to this therapy, and clinical improvement was achieved. The definitive diagnosis of primary CNS lymphoma can be made only by brain biopsy, and many cases have been diagnosed at autopsy. The clinical and radiological findings of primary CNS lymphoma resemble toxoplasma encephalitis. An empirical therapyfor toxoplasma encephalitis is recommended to avoid brain biopsy in these cases. The use of 201Tl-SPECT for the differential diagnosis of these diseases have been reported. Considering the poor prognosis of primary CNS lymphoma in AIDS, the application of 201Tl-SPECT before empirical therapy for toxoplasma must be important for appropriate treatment.View full abstractDownload PDF (6110K) -
Yasuhiro KUSUHARA, Yoshimasa MAENO, Keizo NAGASE, Koki TANIGUCHI, Kats ...1999 Volume 73 Issue 6 Pages 614-617
Published: June 20, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
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Katsuro ITOH, Miki TAKAHASHI, Fumiharu YAGASAKI, Kazuhiro ENDOH, Daisu ...1999 Volume 73 Issue 6 Pages 618-622
Published: June 20, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThere have been few reports describing otomycosis in association with compromised hosts. So we report a neutropenic acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patient complicated with otomycosis caused by superinfection. A 51-year-old male was admitted because a third relapse of AML in March 1998. Two years ago, he was diagnosed as having chronic otitis media involving the VII cranial nerve due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa coinciding with AML. Then, he had suffered from a right-sided earache and otic discharge in accord with every myelosuppression, which improved on treatment with otic administration of ofloxacin.
After1course of induction chemotherapy, he developed a spiking fever with severe earache and otic discharge at a nadir period of WBC. Ear swab cultures yielded Aspergillus niger and yeast-like fungi. So, he was treated with intravenous administration of amphotericin B (AMPH-B): initial dose was 5mg/day and was gradually increased to 30mg/day . Thereafter, the otic symptoms subsided and never recurred. Subsequently, he was given another antifungal agent, itraconazole. Although induction chemotherapies resulted in failure, he did not suffer otic symptoms until his death due to cerebral bleeding in January 1999. For neutropenic patients without rapid hematological improvement, we recommend intensive antifungal therapy as the first-line of therapy for otomycosis rather than local therapy.View full abstractDownload PDF (2846K) -
Yasutomo ARASHIMA, Kazunari KUMASAKA, Toshio TUTCHIYA, Mituru YANAI, K ...1999 Volume 73 Issue 6 Pages 623-625
Published: June 20, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe encountered two cases of Pasteurella multocida subsp. septica isolation from exudates with seminal fluid-like odor from dog scratch and cat bite.
Case 1: A 78-year-old male who had been diagnosed as having diabetes mellitus five years ago was scratched by the claw of a pet dog (Pekinese) on the back of the right hand. Since inflammation ascended to the arm, the patient visited Nihon University Itabashi hospital for a medical examination. Case 2: A 51-year-old female without a specific past history other than hyperlipidemia was bitten by a pet cat at the medical and lateral sides of the left carpus. The patient immediately opened the wound and washed it with tap water, followed by disinfection using a non-iodine disinfectant at home. Two hours later, the patient felt an unpleasant sensation and smelled a seminal fluid-like odor at the wound. The next morning, the entire left arm swelled and pain worsened, then the patient sought medical attention. The patients were treated with antibiotics and the wound completely healed on the 16days from on set in Case1and on the 10days from oncet in Case 2.
From these two cases, Pasteurella multocida subsp. septica was isolated from the exudate, suggesting that when wounds caused by animals smell like seminal fluid, the wound is infected with Pasteurellae. This finding may be an important clue for differentiation in clinical diagnosis.View full abstractDownload PDF (579K) -
Katsuya TERAI, Takashi MASUDA, Hideki MIYAMOTO1999 Volume 73 Issue 6 Pages 626-627
Published: June 20, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (173K)
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