1. A chemical carcinogen was intracerebrally inoculated in 84 C57Black mice, and gliomas were produced in 6 cases, sarcomas in 19 cases and epidermoid tumor in 1 case.
2. Pathologically, the experimental gliomas were classified into 4 glioblastomas, 1 oligodendroglioma-like tumor and 1 astrocytoma-like tumor.
3. The experimental gliomas were comprised of atypical glioma cells; and even those simulating human mature glioma showed considerable cell atypia.
4. The experimental gliomas were subcutaneously transferable in animals of the same species; the transfer was successful from all the gliomas.
5. After serial transfers, the constituent cells of the experimental gliomas lost polymorphism, and came to show uniform cell structure.
6. Electron microscopically, the serially transfered gliomas exhibited relatively uniform ultrastructure, and gliofibrils and surface differentiation, which were characteristic for the ultrastructure of astrocytes and ependymal cells, were scarcely seen.
7. The histochemical examinations of 2 cases of the serially transfered gliomas revealed strong enzymic activity in succinic dehydrogenase, lactic dehydrogenase aud DPNH diaphorase; and medium enzymic activity in β- hydroxybutyric dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and acid phosphatase. Gliomas showed generally stronger activity of dehydrogenase than sarcoma.
8. According to the histochemical examinations of human cerebral tumors, gliomas showed strong enzymic activity of lactic dehydrogenase and DPNH diaphorase in the stroma.
9. Out of the experimental gliomas, 2 glioblastomas were subjected to tissue culture. Under the tissue culture, the glioma cells were observed as markedly polymorphic uni-, bi- and multipolar cells.

View full abstract

Following conclusion is obtained from the results and the discussion.
Morphological studies on rat embryos and jounglings by electron microscopy clarified that the obliteration process of the ductus arteriosus begins at the intrauterine life and the process is complicated phenomenon which is composed of interruption of elastic layers between muscle layers, appearance of mucoid substance in the intimal cells, dis-arrangement of the cells, and degeneration and proliferation of smooth muscle cells in the ductus arteriosus. During this process, it is not ascertained that damage of vasa vasorum and nerve-reflex mechanism play principal roles.
Furthermore, from the study on the cell-kinetics employing H³-thymidine in the ductus arteriosus during the obliteration, the hypertrophy of intimal cells at the obliteration (marked cell proliferation in the intimal layers of the ductus) has not been confirmed.
From these evidences, it is reasonable to consider that the obliteration of ductus arteriosus is due rather to the migration of cells into the vascular lumen, and not to the proliferation of the intimal cells. This finding supports the result of previous paper by Mato and Aikawa.

View full abstract

It raises a question of interest what relation is found between development of hypertension or cerebral apoplexy and emotional adaptation under the present complicated social milieu. It may, however, be difficult to give evidence of direct relationship. In view of this, we attempted to investigate what sort of emotional characteristic can be found in individuals with circulatory disturbances, and to apply the resultus to health control concerning the circulatory system. The subjects were 556 rural inhabitants of both sexes aged above 40, who were examined for emotional unstability by means of the questionnaire “the Emotional life Survey” (JYO -I SEIKATSU SHIRABE) developed by the Institute for Science of Labour. And the results were studied with reference to blood pressure, electrocardiographic findings and previous history of cerebral apoplexy. The conclusions were as follows :
1) Above 40 years, there was no age difference in both sexes in average number of complaints of emotional unstability (P>0.05) As for sex difference, the number was higher in females than in males (P<0.01). The frequency of the period of the unstability was also higher in females (P<0.01).
2) The number of the complaints was generally higher in individuals with history of cerebral apoplexy, and the difference from the normal can be said statistically significant (P<0.05) in males. Also the frequency of the unstable period was higher in cases with the history and the difference was significant in females (P<0.01).
3) The number of the complaints was not subject to variation by somatotype. being un-varied in obese, normal and slender individuals (P >0.05).
4) As for difference in three levels of blood pressure (hypertension, normotension, and hypotension) the number of the complaints tended to be high in hypertensives in both sexes, but the difference was not significant (P>0.05). The same was the case with the frequency of the period of emotional unstability.
5) With regard to the individual items of complaints as given in the questionnaire, number of the complaints differed according to the item. And the group of circulatory disorder hypertension, abnormal electrocardiogram finding and history of cerebral apoplexy showed greater numbers than the normal group with regard to various items.
6) The items which gave greater numbers of complaints were regarded as specific to individuals with circulatory disorder. Comparison between groups of hypertensive, normotensive and hypotensive revealed that the incidences of the specific items were higher in the second group (P<0.01 for females).
7) Those who complained simultaneously of more than half of the specific items numbered 15 among males and 7 among females of the hypertensive group. This group therefore can generally be said to have less favorable physical condition.
The above data seem to indicate that the specific item can be used as a marker in health control.

View full abstract

In public health activity, examination for subjective symptoms is performed as a means of collection of data, It is, however, conceivable that the subjective complaint may vary in intensity and frequency depending on socio-environment and daily living, and that the way of expression of complaint may be influenced by emotional state. In view of this, the survey was made at year intervals, And replies of same individuals to different questionnaires were investigated with the following results :
1) The correlation coefficient between the result of survey for “the menopausal index” and that for “the emotional life survey” so called “JYOI-SEIKATSU-SHIRABE”, which were carried out with 62 women of above 40 years at 2 year interval was r=0.530.
2) There was correlation of r=0, 579 between the results of survey for “the menopausal index” and of “the simple health survey” which were performed with 52 females of above 40 year.
3) The correlation between “the simple health survey” and “the emotional life survey” gave r=0.750 for 28 males, and r=0.525 for 43 females, both aged above 40. The interval was 1 year.
4) The incidence of complaints similar to those of the so called farmer's syndrome (NOFU-SHO) affected the number of complaints in examination for subjective symptoms. When more than 3 of the main 5 symptoms of the farmer's syndrome were complained of, the number of total complaints was significantly increased.
5) To summarize, the correlation coefficient was above medium between results of any of the survey, and there is high possibility that they may give general psychosomatic health indices.

View full abstract

The uptake thymidine-H³ by human gastric mucosa was studied in vitro, and the resulting labeling of cells was used as an indicator of the proliferative capacity of these tissues.
As the gastric mucosa was labeled only about 100μ in depth from surface in the usual incubation technique, it is rather difficult and unreliable to examine the whole gastric mucosa. The following improved labeling technique was introduced in this paper. The gastric mucosa obtained from the gastric operation was sandwiched from the both sides with two same cylinders, and the incubation medium containing thymidine-H³ was passed from one side with pressure. Three cases of normal fundic gland of human mucosa was examined by this technique.
Autoradiograph,
Gastric gland : A number of labeled mucosal cell was observed in the neck region of the fundic gland. Labeled mucosal cells were not observed in foveolar, body region or basal region of the gland. The rate of labeling in total cell count was ranged from 9.8 to 19.2%.
Lamina mucosa proper : The labeled cells were observed mainly in 1/4 from the surface and a also in 1/4 from the botom of the gastric mucosa in lamina mucosa proper.
Salitary lymphonodules : A number of reticular cells was labeled in germinal center.
Muscularis mucosa : Few cell was labeled in smooth muscle cells (one cell in a autoradiographic specimen).
No histological damage or edama were observed in HE-sained specimens.

View full abstract