Case : 22 year-old male, a restaurant worker
At around 11p.m. on Jan. 18, 1971, the defendant began to drink sake (Japanese wine) with the victim and one other man. He drank 0.9-1.0 liter of sake within about an hour. He seemed to get very drunk. Then he stabbed the victim three times with a kitchen knife.
A few days later the victim was dead. The defendant does not remember his behavior at all.
The defendant often behaved violently when drinking. Though unusually infantile for his age, he was ordinarily gentle and introverted. His intelligence is on the boundary between normal and abnormal.
As the result of the drinking test, he was found to be pathologically intoxicated.
Thus this case of murder under the influence of alcohol was examined to induce the possibility that the defendant was morbidly drunk at the time of the offence, and his ability to be responsible while abnormally intoxicated, was discussed.

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The effects of 5, 000 u/kg of vitamin D₂ and 800, 000 u/kg of vitamin D₃ on calcification as well as on serum calcium, phosphate and alkaline phosphatase activity were investigated by using the striped calcification figure of rabbit's incisor dentin in the third trimester of pregnancy and of the neonate. The results were follows :
1) Hematoxylin-unstained layers in the dentin calcification figure, observed in the third trimester of pregnancy, turned blue or deep blue after the administration of 5, 000u/kg of vitamin D₂ or 800, 000u/kg of vitamin D₃, the effect of the former being stronger than that of the latter. In the dentin of the fetus, similar effects were observed, but they were weaker than in the mother rabbit. In the case of the fetus, the effects of vitamin D₂ were also slightly stronger than those of vitamin D₃. In comparison with the effects of calcium preparations (calcium lactate and calcium gluconate), the effects of vitamins D₂ and D₃ manifested dilatorily, but were nearly equal in the intensity.
2) The tendency of decrease in serum calcium level in pregnancy was temporarily inhibited by the administration of vitamin D₂ or D₃, the effects of D₂ being stronger than those of vitamin D₃ as in the case of the striped figure of calcification. The tendency of decrease in inorganic phosphate in pregnancy was similarly inhibited in general by vitamin D₂ or D₃.
The effect of vitamin D administration on serum alkaline phosphatase activity was not so clear.

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It had been well known that the smaller height and shorter duration of the spike occurred during the relative refractory period than those in the normal state of the nerve. But the reason is still not elucidated at all. In this paper the results of investigation of these phenomena were reported. Materials used in the experiments were the sciatic nerve of the bullfrog and the electric nerve model (ENM) composed of electric elements and devised by Matumoto et al. This model is an equivalent circuit of the nerve fiber representing almost all phenomena already known on the nerve fiber in similar state as in it.
Therefore, the author assumed that the mechanism of these phenomena could be substituded with that elucidated on the artificially composed ENM for the same phenomenon. The following were the obtained results.
Reduced excitability due to the decreased charge of the capacity of the excitable membrane was the origin of the higher threshold in the relative refractory period, while the smaller height and shorter duration of the spike resulted from the weaker intensity of the discharge current of the capacity of the excitable membrane. Both phenomena appeared by the same origin in general case, but in details the mechanism was different in these two, and they could be separated in the special case.

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The present series of cases of operated chronic peptic ulcer patients, since 1957 to 1969, has been analyzed retrospectively to assess some etiological factors influencing peptic ulceration. Of those who long term follow-uped, three years or more post-operatively at which time they are still free of disease, about 95. 2 per cent are considered to have obtained a good operative results. The analysis would tend to substantiate the belief that peptic ulcer can be managed successfully by partial gastric resection. There are some differences in histories, ages, blood types, blood pressures, body weights and gastric secretion between three types of the lesions; gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer and gastro-duodenal ulcer.
Gastric acids are low with gastric ulcer. Aging is a factor to decrease gastric secretion in peptic ulcer patients as reported in normal man.
Gastric ulcer occurs among patients who are 14 years older than patients with duodenal ulcer and 7 years older than patients with gastro-duodenal ulcer. A. large difference between Japan and Europe is recognized in the percentage of gastric ulcer vs. duodenal ulcer.
It is difficult to agree from the statistical point of view, peptic ulcer is divided into two important groups; gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer. According to the pattern of the gastric secretion, gastro-duodenal ulcer, however, have properties of the latter.
It is necessary to difine a certain definition between different types of operations as a result of investigating many data of gastric secretion. For example, when comparing the Billroth-I and Billroth-II operation, quite large differences are observed in gastric secretion.

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The invertograms of ten-hour-old boy were presented with a comment. The films were interpreted as a high deformity and suspected to have a recto-urethral fistula. A diverting transverse colostomy was made and about a year later, definitive operation was performed abdominoperineally.
The proposed international classification of ano-rectal anomalies and radiological methods of examination as well as their pitfalls were briefly discussed.

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The frog heart which has automaticity was employed to study the origin of T wave by means of recording the action potentials from the ventricular muscle fiber.
The following results were obtained.
1) The duration of excitation was measured by the intracellular potential recording from various parts of the ventricle. The longest duration was observed at the apex, and the shortest in the right wall near the trancus arteriosus. The other parts showed the middle value.
2) The conducting process of excitation was also observed in various parts of the ventricle. The part where showed the longest duration was conducted firstly, and the shortest was conducted finally.
3) During the intracellular recording from the ventricle, acetylcholine or adrenalin was locally applied on the surface with a microinjector. Acetylcholine made the duration of excitation short, and adrenalin made it long.
4) During the ECG-taking from ventro-dorsal lead of frog heart in situ, acetylcholine was applied to the ventricular wall. It increased T-wave and raised up ST segment remarkably.
In the same experiment, adrenalin decreased T wave and changed it diphasic.
5) Discussing these results, it was confirmed that T wave of ECG was caused by both variable duration of excitation and lag of conducting process.

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A trial was made to determine the origins of QRS-complex and T wave by use of electrochemical models after the Yamagiwa-Lillie's nerve model on which both depolarization and repolarization phases were visually observed.
The following results were obtained.
1) When a linear core is placed in the impartial field and excited, the flexion caused by the depolarization wave depends not only on the position of differential electrode but the stimulating point. When the only limited point near the electrode is excited, it becomes the sink of current and changes to source before the impulse passes halfway. Here, the exchanging point between sink and source in this field is situated near the differential electrode rather than the center. On the other hand, when a volume core making a difference between right and left side is placed in the impartial field and excited, it rather complicates to determine the changing point from sink to source. However, in general, the larger volume plays the important role for the differential electrode, and the exchanging point between sink and source removes to the side of the larger volume rather than the center.
2) The reason that SV₁ and RV₅ in the chest lead are larger, depends upon the above two things, namely, propagating direction and volume difference.
3) As we can easily make the direction of repolarization wave change in the electrochemical model, the two flexions in the same direction are recorded by means of a model made of two cores with different recovery times.
4) We can express a wave form of a bipolar lead geometrically from each unipolar lead. This geometrical calculation shows that a constructed curve is varied by each excitation and conduction time of the monophasic wave led from the unipolar lead.

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