Hyperglycemia during and after the cardiovascular or thoracic surgery was examined from the view point of endocrinological regulation including the influence of phenoxybenzamine (POB).
Sixty one patients were examined in this study. Fifty six patients who underwent open-heart surgery were divided into the following three groups; ie, i) Surface induced deep hypothermia combined with cardiopulmonary bypass (CP-bypass) (n =35), ii) CP-bypass administerd PUB (n = 13), iii) CP-bypass not administered PUB (n = 8), and the other five patients undergoing simple thoracic surgery were used as a control (the forth) group. Blood samples were taken from artery at each regular body temperapure in the deep hypothermia or at each regular time interval in the CP-bypass, respectively.
Serum concentration of the following substances was measured; ie, blood sugar, NEFA, IRI, IRG, HGH, CA, Cortisol and C-peptide.
1) There was no significant difference of the basic reactive patterns between the surface-induced hypothermia and CP-bypass group, regardless of the administration of PUB.
2) Although “the suppression of insulin secretion during hypothermia or CP-bypass which was reported in the previous studies” was not seen in the present study, real secretion of insulin during hypothermia or CP-bypass was suggested to drop from the results of C-peptide secretion patterns.
3) Catecholamine secretion during open-heart surgery increased significantly compared with the control, and its increase was mainly due to the change of epinephrine. The administration of POB showed slight influence on the catecholamine secretion during CP-bypass.
4) Hyperglycemia during hypothermia or CP-bypass may be due to under-utilization of glucose and hyposecretion of insulin. However, IRG, CA and HGH also may have some effects on this phenomenon.
5) The administration of PUB during open-heart surgery was useful in an aspect of glucose metabolism.

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Seventeen cases of oligodendrogliomas were investigated immunohistochemically for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and S-100 protein. Three of them were studied with the electron microscope. Six of seventeen cases show a well defined histological appearance of classic oligodendroglioma. Six cases contain area of gemistocytic or pleomorphic astrocytoma and are classified as mixed oligo-astrocytoma. Five other cases show the histology of anaplastic oligodendroglioma. The entrapped reactive astrocytes and the cells comprising areas of astrocytoma in mixed glioma stain positively with PAP immunoperoxidase method for GFAP and S-100 protein. In 2 cases of classic oligodendrogliomas and 2 cases of mixed oligo-astrocytomas, varying numbers of pale oligodendroglial cells show perikaryal staining for GFAP. This perikaryal immunoreactivity is found to retain in cells of 2 cases of anaplastic oligodendrogliomas. In electron microscopy the cytoplasm of neoplastic oligodendroglial cells appear variable in amount with short delicate cyoplasmic processes. Polygonal crystalline structures are found in one case. Occasional cell nuclei contain rodlets. The cytological feature which appear to correspond to immunoreactivity is the presence of bundles of 7-9nm glial filaments encircling about the nucleus. The filament containing cells also contain annulate lamellae, crystalline bodies and occasionally irregular amorphous dense materials correspoding to the structure described as Rosenthal fiber. Highly laminar systems are found only in one of three cases. These findings suggest that neoplastic oligodenclrocytes may share the common features with astrocytic elements and that they are capable of differentiating along astrocytic lines.

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Specimens were obstained from two patients with functioning islet cell tumors. A pancreatic tumor believed responsible for episode of hypoglycemia was removed from a 50-year-old woman (tumor : 1 cm in diameter in the tail) and an autopsy material was obtained from a 56-year-old woman (tumor : 2 × 1.2 × 1 cm nodule in the tail). Microscopically, both of the tumors showed mixed patterns of cellular structure. The islets of Langerhans in the remaining pancreas appeared normal in number and histology. Histopathological examinations of the brain tissue from the autopsy case revealed a hypoxic encephalopathy due to hypoglycemia.
Electron microscopically, almost all the tumor cells contained numerous beta-granules composed of varied shaped crystalloid components. These cores of the granules were bounded by a single membrane, and their general appearance indicated their beta-cell origin. The tumor cells had also rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complex, dense bodies, lipoidal bodies, and cytoplasmic filaments.
Some of the secretory granules were infrequently found in the capillary lumina. Decrease of the core density and disappearance of their membranes of the secretory granules were also noticed in the tumor cells. Therefore, insulin secretion by beta-cells in tumors is sugges ed to release by emiocytosis and/or diacrine secretion.
No metastasis was found in two cases.

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Vascularization of a transplantable rat ascites hepatoma (AH 109A) was investigated by light microscopic histochemistry. The tumor blood vessels were capillaries or sinusoidal vessels. The capillaries began to proliferate from 4 days, while the sinusoidal vessels appeared from 6 days after innoculation.
The tumor blood vessels always exhibited activities of adenosine triphosphatase and 5'-nucletidase, whereas the activity of alkaline phosphatase was only positive from 4 days. There was no histological difference between alkaine phosphatase positive and negative vascular channels.
It is concluded that the vascular channels in this neoplasm bear histochemical characteristics similar to the arterial part of the capillary with increased permeability.

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Fundamental and clinical studies on Allylestrenol were done.
Antiprostatic action of alylestrenol on rat ventral prostate was idvestigated.
It was observed that Allylestrenol had almost same potency of direct and indirect antiprostatic action on rat ventral prostate as chlormadinone acetate had.
45mg of Allylestrenol was orally administered to 19 patients with BPH who were admitted to the Urologic Unit of Gunma University hospital. Satisfactory improvement in Urination and decrease in the size of the hypertrophied nodule were observed.
90mg of Allylestrenol was orally administered to 4 patients with prostatic cancer, all stage D, who were also admitted to the Gunma University hospital. It was clearly demonstrated that 90mg of Allylestrenol showed same effectiveness on prostatic cancer.

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The steroid hormone-polymer composites were made by the radiation induced polymerization in a supercooled state at low temparature using glass-forming monomers.
Testosterone-polymer composites, from which testosterone released at the rate of 100μg per day at the in vitro system, were implanted subcutaneously in the back of castrated male rats. The prostatic weights of testosterone-polymer composites implanted castrated rats were almost the same as those of intact adult male rats. This result indicated that testosterone released constantly from testosterone-polymer composites during one year. It was also demonstrated from both the in vivo and in vitro experiments that estradiol-17 β was found to release constantly during a long period (6 months).
Furthermore, on the basis of basic animal data, the possibility of clinical application of steroids-polymer composites was discussed in this paper.

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