It has been well known that the incidence of rhinitis or sinusitis is greater among children. Yet, many of these children with rhino-sinusitis become free of the disease as they grow up, while in the other children rhino-sinusitis aggravates and constitutes typical chronic sinusitis when they reach adolescence or adult. In the present study the author tried to elucidate various factors which might affect the course of sinusitis in children based upon the studies on sinus pathology in different age groups and spontaneous changes of the pathological features, which were obtained by a long-term observation (more than 10 years) of individual cases.

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The author studied the role of hereditary disposition in the development of sinusitis in children through a long-term observation of individual cases. The results obtained may be summarized as follows:
1. The development and course of sinusitis in children are quite varied in each individual. They were also varied in different age groups.
2. This study was highly suggestive of involvement of hereditary factors in the development of sinusitis in children.
3. Involvement of herediatry factor was also suggested in the severity of the disease, type of the pathology, and sinus development, which was most prominent among others.
4. Similarity of the pathology between the children and their parents became more prominent as the children grow older.
5. Pathology of the sinus disease in children courses toward those of their parents as they grow older.
6. Susceptibity to the disease, or chronicity of the pathology are also appearsed to be greatly affected by hereditary factors.
7. The hereditary factor for sinus development seems to be the most important as the course of sinus pathology has been greatly aftected by the extent of sinus development.

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