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Volume 38, Issue Supplement2
Displaying 1-15 of 15 articles from this issue
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Takashi Matsunaga1995 Volume 38 Issue Supplement2 Pages 87-90
Published: June 15, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAs one of the therapies for otorhinolaryngological diseases, aerosol therapy for diseases of the larynx as well as those of the nose and paranasal sinuses is frequently prescribed.
In a statistical evaluation of aerosol therapy during a survey of medical practitioners in Osaka and Nara prefectures, the reported incidence was high and the rate ranged about 30%. Many researchers reported effects from aerosol therapy for diseases of the nose and paranasal sinuses, but there were few reports of laryngeal aerosol therapy.
In this symposium, we will initially study the actual use of laryngeal aerosol therapy. The first speaker will be Dr. Kouno. He will show the statistical incidence and manner in which doctors are using laryngeal aerosol therapy.
Next, four researchers will describe and clinical studies regarding laryngeal aerosol therapy. Dr. Wakuda will describe the accumulation of the aerosol particles in the respiratory tract according to differences in types of equipment and differences in the way of inhalation.
Dr. Nonaka will describe basic problems in the accumulation of the aerosol particles in the respiratory tract according to differences in humidity, temperature and acceleration of particles.
Dr. Hyo will describe effective aerosol therapy for all sorts of diseases of the larynx and the confirmation of the experimental and clinical efficacy due to the addition of the pressure during inhalation.
Dr. Iwata will describe some clinical problems such as the difference between the oral and nasal methods and the effects of aerosol therapy for allergic diseases involving the larynx.
We hope to develop additional subjects after obtaining such useful information about laryngeal aerosol therapy.View full abstractDownload PDF (349K) -
Yoshinobu Sato1995 Volume 38 Issue Supplement2 Pages 91-96
Published: June 15, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUnder a hypothesis that the intranasal steam inhalation before sleep would be effective for the decrease of snoring supressing vagotonia, Katori et al reported a demonstration based on a subjective assessment using questionnaires of bedside observers in 1992.
However, decrease of sonoring by the steam inhalation has not been confirmed by a strict objective assessment.
In the preliminary study patients with snoring underwent 6 days of baseline observation and 6 days of treatment with hyperthermic aerosols using EW 635 for 10 minutes before sleep. The effect of treatment was assessed by decrease of snoring by each bedside observer.
underwent 2 days of baseline observation and 2 days of treatment with the same hyperthermic aerosols for 10 and 5 minutes respectively before sleep. The effect of the treatment was assessed by decrease of snoring by 5 hours' recording and its analysis using a measuring amplifier with a personal computer and a thermograph.
In both models there was significant difference in the degree of snore, showing its decrease by this aerosol therapy. The main study also revealed that the decrease was much greater in 10 minutes treatment than 5 minutes one.
Mechanisms of the decrease in snoring under this therapy have not all be elucidated, however, it was concluded by this study that this would be the first choice therapy for snore patients before performing “snore operation”.View full abstractDownload PDF (707K) -
Isamu Kunibe, Mitsuru Asanome, Satoshi Nonaka, Tokuji Unno1995 Volume 38 Issue Supplement2 Pages 97-101
Published: June 15, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRecently, local hyperthermotherapy using a vaporizer has been applied for acute rhinitis and nasal allergy. The purpose of this study was to clarify how the vaporizer moistured the upper airway tract. Because of difficulty to determine the humidification in vivo, we carried out an experiment using vinyl-pipe (straight, curved and right angled) as an upper airway model. “Skainer Steam II ® ” (Eisai, Co. Ltd.) was connected to the pipe, which was sucked from the other end in several degrees. The humidification was evaluated by weighing pieces of gelatin-sponge attached to the predetermined sites of the pipe. Difference between and ultrasonic nebulizer was compared.View full abstractDownload PDF (497K) -
AN ATTEMPT FOR NEBULIZATION THERAPY FROM THE VAPOR AEROSOL GENERATOR USING MINERAL WATER (CONTINUED)Motoichi Sato, Yoichi Ishizuka, Hiromitsu Hirayama, Michio Ishikawa1995 Volume 38 Issue Supplement2 Pages 102-108
Published: June 15, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to develop a new type aerosol generator (using dipersion by compressor only), capable of generating vapor heated to a temperature of 43°C at a rate of 2 ml/min., without the use of ultrasonic techniques or vibration, we have, since last year, been adding consistently to the medication delivery systems in this device, as described previously.
While developing this device, we have paid attention to a difficult problem, that when steam is introduced into the nasal cavity attached to the nasal adaptor, the temperature of that steam at the nostril should be reduced instantaneously by about 10, since we consider that high temperature is not acceptable to the human nose.
Therefore, after consideration, we have made two lateral orifices in the nasal adaptor (the orifices were later moved to the connector between the aerosol duct and nasal adaptor) and we confirmed that hot aerosol steam flows strongly into the nasal cavity.
Clinical research literature provided no information about the above problem, and it was not clear whether the nasal adaptor contributed to this problem or not. Base on the above problem, we must think about options for the introduction of aerosol mist into nebulization therapy.
In addition, monitoring of the aerosol generating circuit should include the observation of appropriate temperatures.View full abstractDownload PDF (14885K) -
CLINICAL EXPERIENCE OF BECLOMETHASONE DIPROPIONATE INHALERMasahiro Kawaida, Hiroyuki Fukuda, Naoyuki Kohno, Yoshihisa Kawasaki1995 Volume 38 Issue Supplement2 Pages 109-113
Published: June 15, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNon-specific granuloma of the larynx is a benign tumor which usually occurs on the vocal process of the posterior glottis. Even when such granulomas are surgically resected, recurrence may occur frequently, and it is not rare for several surgical operations to be required. Therefore, we tried conservative treatment for nonspecific granuloma of the larynx using the topical corticosteroid beclomethasone dipropionate in the form of an inhaler (Aldecin ® inhaler), and obtained good results. These results are reported here in detail. And then, we discuss from the viewpoint on the effect of this inhalation therapy and the etiology of this disease.View full abstractDownload PDF (3131K) -
Kouichiro Atsuda, [in Japanese], Shigeru Motohashi, Setsuko Murase, Yu ...1995 Volume 38 Issue Supplement2 Pages 114-118
Published: June 15, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUltrasonic nebulization is widely performed for inhaant therapy. But there still remain some problems in the stability of the drugs in inhalant solutions during ultrasonic nebulization. We have reported that the remaining ratios of some bronchodilaters were below 90% after nebulization using the conventional ultrasonic nebulizer.
A new ultrasonic nebulizer has been developed by OMRON. We investigated the effect of the new ultrasonic nebulizer on the stability of bronchodilaters for inhalant therapy. Stability tests were performed on bronchodilaters in terms of visible change, pH and degradation rate of the drug using HPLC after ultrasonic nebulization.
The results may be summarized as follows. The ratios of all bronchodilaters remained at more than 95% after 8 minutes of ultrasonic nebulization using the new ultrasonic nebulizer.
Therefore, bronchodilaters are highly stableusing new ultrasonic nebulizer and should be effective. We concluded that the new ultrasonic nebulizing method can be applied in the inhalant therapy of many inhalant preparations.View full abstractDownload PDF (2282K) -
Yoichi Ishizuka, Takashi Iida, Tatsuro Koizumi1995 Volume 38 Issue Supplement2 Pages 119-123
Published: June 15, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe deposition rate in the air way and the systemic distribution of nebulized drugs were investigated. In this study we used a radioactive isotope (99 mTc).
We gave aerosol to some volunteers through mouth using a jet nebulizer. The particle was found to be distributed as follows: 5% in the nasal cavity, 10% in the oral cavity. 20% in the pharyngo-larynx, 30% in the thorax, 15% in the abdomen and 20% was exhaled.View full abstractDownload PDF (2401K) -
Shigehito Mori, Hitoshi Saito, Yuichi Kimura, Takechiyo Yamada1995 Volume 38 Issue Supplement2 Pages 124-129
Published: June 15, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of norfloxacin (NFLX) on the nasal ciliary activity (CA) was examined both in vitro and in vivo.
In vitro, CA was investigated by a photo-electricmethod using the C 3 H mouse nasal septum mucosa and human ethmoid mucosa, cultured in RPMI-1640 medium with NFLX.
In the medium with 40mg/L or 80mg/L NFLX, CA was neither stimulated nor affected. On the other hand, addition of 600mg/L or 1, 200mg/L of NFLX increased static CA to 117.8%-128.1 % immediately.
In vivo, saccharin test was performed before and after intranasal nebulization of 1, 200mg/L NFLX for 3 minutes for 5 healthy persons. In 4 persons, arrival time of saccharin at the oropharynx was shortened.
These results showed that NFLX less than1, 200mg/L did not affect the nasal mucosa.
NFLX has a high sensitivity for the bacteriainfecting the sinuses, such as S. aureus, S. epidermidisand M. influenzae. Therefore, NFLX aerozol therapy will be useful as one of the treatments of sinusitisView full abstractDownload PDF (596K) -
A BASIC STUDY FOR TOPICAL USEKen-ichi Hisamatsu, Tetsuya Ganbo, Tsutomu Nakazawa, Mayumi Nakajima, ...1995 Volume 38 Issue Supplement2 Pages 130-133
Published: June 15, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo investigate the effect of Clarithromycin on the sinus mucosa, the mucosal specimens whichwere obtained from the ethmoid sinuses of patients suffering from chronic sinusitis was tested in vitro. Clarithromycin was dissolved in RPMI 1640 at concentrations of 1mg/ml, 5mg/ml and 10mg/ml, and exposed to the mucosal specimens in a tissue culture form at 37°C and under humidified 5% CO2 in a chamber equipped with a phase-contrast microscope and a video camera. The mucosal surface profile was observed and ciliary activity was photo-electrically measured. Clarithromycin significantly promoted ciliary activity at all tested concentrations, while the culture medium did not affect the mucosal specimens during a 3 hours observation period. Clarithromycin did not induce mucosal surface alterations.View full abstractDownload PDF (438K) -
Yuichi Majima, Yasuo Sakakura1995 Volume 38 Issue Supplement2 Pages 134-138
Published: June 15, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPhysiological saline aerosols were administered into the nasal cavity at a dose of 0.7ml for 2minutes with a jet nebulizer. Nasal mucociliary clearance was determined by saccharin granule technique before and after the aerosol administration. Before the saline treatment, the control subjects showed the mucociliary clearance less than 30 minutes. No significant change was observed in the clearance between before and after the treatment. On the other hand, Saline aerosols significantly improved the reduced nasa mucociliary clearance in the patients with chronic sinusitis (p<0.01). The results were discussed in relation to possible mechanisms of slowing nasal mucociliary clearance in chronic sinusitis.View full abstractDownload PDF (570K) -
QUESTIONNAIRE ANALYSISNaoyuki Kohno1995 Volume 38 Issue Supplement2 Pages 139-143
Published: June 15, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAerosol inhalation treatment in the larynx are widely used by otolaryngologists in our country. However the fundamental studies in this field are limited in number. Herein the author reports the results of present status of the aerosol inhalation treatment for the larynx using mail questionnaire analysis. Of 820 practitioners, 233 (28%) responded the questionnaire. Of 233 answer's, 216 (93%) practitioners use this treatment method. The most frequently indicated disease are acute laryngitis. Antibiotics and steroid hormone are equally used for inflammatory conditions. For vocal cord polyp and/or granuloma, steroid hormone is mainly applied. Fifty-five percent of practitioner use jet device and 32% ultrasonic respectively. The most frequent adverse reaction is cough. Disinfect drugs and running water are widely used for sterilization.
These results indicate that, further fundamental and clinical research are warranted.View full abstractDownload PDF (540K) -
Kounosuke Wakuda1995 Volume 38 Issue Supplement2 Pages 144-149
Published: June 15, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this study, ways of improving the effectivenessof aerosol inhalation therapy for laryngeallesions are examined. The results are summmarizedas follows:
1. The ultrasonic nebulizer was able toadminister the largest amount of agent to thelaryngeal lesions.
2. The most important factor in promotingaerosol deposition in laryngeal lesions was theinhalation method. Phonation using a ultrasonicnebulizer and natural breathing using a steamnebulizer resulted in the administration of largeamounts of the agents.
3. With steroid and antibiotics (DKB) inhalation, no remarkable changes in the gastricmucosa and tracheal mucosa were recognized.View full abstractDownload PDF (8828K) -
Satoshi Nonaka, Isamu Kunibe, Mitsuru Asanome, Tokuji Uuno, Yukio Ishi ...1995 Volume 38 Issue Supplement2 Pages 150-154
Published: June 15, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDistribution of RI aerosol particle generated by an ultrasonic nebulizer (OMRON, NEU 11 B) in the respiratory and digestive tracts is studied. The aerosol of 99 m-Tc-diethylene triamine penta acetic acid (DTPA) was inhaled through the mouth during quiet respiration in five healthy volunteers. Each volunteer inhaled the aerosol under several conditions, as follows; 1) aerosol generated by the ultrasonic nebulizer as a control, 2) aerosol with compressed air flow (3L/min), 3) aerosol with vibration (100Hz), 4) aerosol of 99 m-Tc-human serum albumin in order to change the size of particles. The deposition rates to the mouth, pharyngolaryngeal region, lungs and stomach were compared among these conditions.
Under the control study, more than 90% of total deposited aerosol in the body was counted in the bilateral lungs and about 4% was counted in the pharyngolaryngeal region. Only in the trial using the aerosol with vibration, the deposited rate to the pharyngolaryngeal region increased to 1.2 to 5.4 times larger than the rate of control study. Under the other trials, the deposition pattern of RI aerosol was almost similar to that of the control study.
These results suggested that the deposition rate to the pharyngolaryngeal region was extremely low under the usual laryngeal nebulizer therapy. To make the therapy more effective, some manoeuvre including vibration to increase the deposition rate to the pharyngolaryngeal region should be developed.View full abstractDownload PDF (599K) -
Noboru Hyo, Yukikazu Hyo1995 Volume 38 Issue Supplement2 Pages 155-168
Published: June 15, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSStudies in aerosol therapy for the larynx have suggested that at vocalization, much amount of aerosol drug is able to be deposited because path of vocal cords becomes narrow. The mechanism for this particle deposition was investigated using both a model cast and a living organ of human larynx to check partial deposition efficiency for each part of larynx. Total aerosol deposition was found to be characterized by higher efficiency of particle impaction and circulated air flow formed as the narrow path of the vocal cords. The effectiveness of SPSU-12 nebulizer with a mouth adapter was examined in relation to the clinical testings for acute and chronic laryngitis by means of evaluating the disease types and the drug availability of pathogen.View full abstractDownload PDF (3460K) -
Shigenobu Iwata1995 Volume 38 Issue Supplement2 Pages 169-178
Published: June 15, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this study, upper air way model including the oral cavity was obtained from an adult cadaver. 2% methyrene blue solution was prepered for the aerosol solution. The aerosols for the larynx were produced by the way of ultrasonic and jet nebulizers through the nose and through the oral cavity under the artificial respiratory condition, just as rest respiration for 3 minutes. From the sagittal glass plane of this model, current and attachment of aerosol were recorded by VTR. And analysis was performed by reproduced pictures.
From these tests, the most reliable results were obtained from ultrasonic nebulizer through the oral cavity, and followed by ultrasonic through the nose. Jet type nebulizer showed the limited, little volume of aerosol particules in the larynx and into the trachea. Most deposit of the aerosols was found in the epiglottal fold, both aryte noid and root of the tongue, but not on the vocal folds. And lower part of the anterior commissure in the first tracheal ring.
Clinical findings of the allergic laryngitis were characterized by the edematous swelling in the mucosa of the arytenoid, epiglottis, and rare false vocal folds without vocal folds. They have complained of dry cough without sputum, abnormal sensation, itching and foreign body sensation, without hoarseness. And their complaints increased in the allergic season especially ceders. 70% of these patients have allergic disposition. This disease can be managed by local and general medication such as antiallergic drugs, antihistamines, steroid if necessary.
Antibiotics may be prescribed in complication with acute inflammation Antigens of allergic laryngitis were considered the inhalation antigens, alimental antigens and medicine (drugs).View full abstractDownload PDF (7325K)
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