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Volume 41, Issue 3
Displaying 1-15 of 15 articles from this issue
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[in Japanese]1998 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 192-193
Published: June 15, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: March 18, 2011
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...1998 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 194-208
Published: June 15, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: March 18, 2011
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Kaori Sakunaka1998 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 209-224
Published: June 15, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: March 18, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. The purpose of the present study is to provide an anatomical description of axonal injury-induced changes in the motoneurons and surrounding glial cells in the facial motor nucleus (FMN). From 1 week to 10 weeks after surgical injury of the central or peripheral portion of the facial nerve (FN) responses of FMN to injury were investigated. Im-munoreactive astrocytes were labeled with anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), revealing a pattern of anisomorphic fibrous gliosis in the damaged FMN, and synaptic displacement from the motoneurons-this process is known as synaptic stripping-was observed with anti-synaptophysin immunocyto-chemistry.
2. Surgical crush of the FN in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) resulted in complete facial paralysis, but the cell number of the facial motoneur-ons did not decrease after the lesion. Synaptic strip-ping and astrocytic activation continued to increase up to 3 weeks after surgery, and returned to normal condition after improvement of the facial paralysis. Axotomy of the FN in the central nervous system (CNS) induced significant loss of motoneurons in the FMN at 4 weeks after injury. Synaptic stripping and astrocytic activation were more sensitive andprolonged after CNS lesion than PNS lesion. Our findings suggest that CNS axotomy of the FN is a potentially valuable new model of motoneuronal death and time-dependent response to traumatic brain injury.
3. After FN injury, some animals received intraperitoneal injections of glucocorticoid (pred-nisolone). One week after nerve injury, the effects of glucocorticoid on the retrograde reactions were examined. Synaptic stripping and astrocytic activa-tion induced by axonal injury were apparently inhib-ited in cases with glucocorticoid treatment. These results suggest that glucocorticoid might directly affect neuronal degeneration and/or regeneration, in addition to the anti-inflammatory effect at the lesion site.View full abstractDownload PDF (11578K) -
Hiroyuki Seki1998 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 225-232
Published: June 15, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: March 18, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwenty-nine patients with perilymph fistula were subjected to stabilometry while changing the external auditory canal pressure. The objectives of this study were to know whether fistulous symptoms can be induced by this test and to investigate retrospectively whether this test can be an aid of diagnosis of per-ilymph fistula. For comparison, the same test was performed in 24 patients with sudden deafness and 13 healthy adult volunteers. The ratio of change obser-ved with the normal side of the ear to that observedwith the diseased side of the ear was calculated for each parameter of stabilometry, and this rate was comparatively analyzed in the three patient groups. When the external auditory canal pressure was chan-ged, patients with perilymph fistula showed signifi-cantly larger changes in the length of the locus than healthy volunteers and patients with sudden deafness. When the direction of the locus in stabilometry was compared between patients with perilymph fistula and patients with sudden deafness, the ratio of change was larger in 5 of the 8 directions in patients with perilymph fistula than that in patients with sudden deafness, and the difference between the changes in the direction posterior to the diseased side and the direction to the normal side was significantly larger in patients with perilymph fistula. In terms of the direction of the velocity, patients with perilymph fistula showed a larger ratio of change in all of the 8 directions than patients with sudden deafness, and the difference in each change in 3 directions (posterior to the diseased side, anterior to the normal side and posterior to the parietal center) was significantly larger in patient with perilymph fistula. In conclu-sion, stabilometry in combination with external audi-tory canal pressure change can be a supportive test in diagnosis of perilymph fistula.View full abstractDownload PDF (1242K) -
Yasuhiro Arai1998 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 233-249
Published: June 15, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: March 18, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUsing cultured cells of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas, effects of exogeneous recombinant human epidermal growth factor (EGF) and transfor-ming growth factor-alpha (TGF-a), expression of EGF receptor (EGFR), c-erbB-2 and cyclin D 1, influence of vitamin A and D on EGFR expression and cell growth, and effects of anti-EGFR mono-clonal antibody on cell growth and chemotherapy were examined. Neither EGF nor TGF-cr were observed at detect-able levels in culture supernatants of any tumors. EGFR and c-erbB-2 expressions were observed in all tumors, and this expression of EGFR was enhanced by the addition of interferon-a, β or tumor necrosis factor-a into the culture. Increase of cell growth was observed in two tumors by addition of EGF and TGF°α, andthiseffectofEGFwasinhibitedbyanti-EGFR monoclonal antibody. Furthermore, the cell cycle of these tumors was altered (high accumulation at S + G 2 M phase). Addition of retinoic acid caused no remarkable change of EGFR expression but inhib-ited the EGF-induced increase of cell growth. The anti-tumor effect of cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil, and adriamycin was enhanced by addition of anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody. These results indicate that anti-EGFR antibody and cytokines may be useful for clinical chemother-apy of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas.View full abstractDownload PDF (2451K) -
Masaya Fukami, Kiyoshi Yanagi, Shin-ichi Haruna, Hiroshi Moriyama, Mas ...1998 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 250-255
Published: June 15, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: March 18, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe technique of endoscopic endonasal sinus surgery can be applied to various diseases. Transnasal endoscopic surgery of pituitary adenoma has also been reported. In this article, the endoscopic technique that we have experienced in three cases of pituitary adenoma is described.
The technique approaching through the ethmoidal sinus and the sphenoidal sinus with an endoscope was simple and rapid. An endoscope connected with a CCD camera was held by an assistant. It enabled the surgeon to use his both hands for removing the pituitary tumor while watching the operative site on the TV monitor. The endoscope provided a wide surgical view. The entire view inside the sphenoidal sinus and the sella turcica was gained. Using an endoscope, the observation and the treatment after operation were also easy. No cosmetic or functional damage to the nose was observed.
Although further development of the technique is needed, it seems that the use of an endoscope can provide good results with minimal operative stress to the patient.View full abstractDownload PDF (2523K) -
SERIAL ASSESSMENT OF NASAL OBSTRUCTION BY USING A PORTABLE PEAK FLOW METERTomoaki Kai, Toshio Ogoshi, Nobuo Usui, Yoshio Takagi1998 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 256-260
Published: June 15, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: March 18, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUsing a portable peak flow meter, we measured nasal peak expiratory flow (PEF) in subjects with Japanese cedar pollen allergy for continual 12 hours. The nasal PEF was assessed before and after chal-lenging the antigen during the non-pollen season. Subjective nasal obstruction, nasal discharge, and sneezing were also examined.
The variations of nasal PEF in a day were larger after challenging the antigen than before challenging (p <0.05). Nasal symptoms also became worse after challenging (sneezing : p <0.05).
The subjects under hyposensitization showed less variation of nasal blockage index, and had a shorter period to reach the subjective peak of nasal obstruction than those who were not under hyposensitization (p <0.05). This suggested that hyposensitization to cedar pollen mainly regulates the late-phase reaction rather than the early-phase reaction in nasal allergy.
Concerning the assessment of subjective nasal obstruction together with nasal PEF, use of three grades, i.e., not obstructed, a little obstructed, and impossible to breathe through the nose, may be proper.View full abstractDownload PDF (687K) -
Kaori Akiyama, Masanori Ishii, Minoru Iida, Shigeru Yoshida, Tomihiko ...1998 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 261-264
Published: June 15, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: March 18, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe encountered a patient in whom a giant submandibular salivary stone was projecting into the left retromolar triangle penetrating through muscle membrane of the oral cavity. The patient is a 70-year-old male. From about February 1997, he began to feel strange sensation when using a lower denture. From about May of the same year, this sensation was accompanied by pain, and thus the patient visited a nearby doctor. A tumor of the oral cavity was diagnosed based on the findings of the oral cavity, and the patient was referred to our Department. On the basis of the findings of imaging techniques and histopathological findings, we diagnosed the disease as sialolithiasis of the submandibular gland. Because the stone was projecting into the oral cavity, we were able to excise it readily. In most reported cases, a club-shaped salivary stone along the duct was projecting from the opening of the duct. Our case is very rare, and thus it is reported along with discus-sion of literature.View full abstractDownload PDF (1549K) -
Akihiro Higuchi, Motohiro Arai, Masaru Saitou, Makito Okamoto, Kazuo Y ...1998 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 265-270
Published: June 15, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: March 18, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRecentry the number of surgeons who use powered instrumentations (microdebrider) for ESS has increased in Japan because the usability and safety of these devices have been recognized. In order to evaluate the new microdebrider systems, i.e., Hummer 2 (Stryker Corp, USA) and XPS (Xomed Corp, USA), we performed endoscopic sinus surgery for 26 cases with chronic sinuitis using these new devices from November to December 1997, and compared the new microdebrider systems and Hummer system for the usability. As a result, the advantages of these new devices are as follows : 1) There is less plugging of aspiration during operation by using more powerful handpiece and irrigated double cutter blades, 2) these new devices also enables bony dissection, such as the bony partitions in the ethmoid labyrinth and bony borders of the maxillary ostium, and 3) the XPS system can also be used for bone work by using the drill bar. These new devices will be able to dissect the frontal recess and maxillary sinus by using curved blades (Hummer 2 has a 15-degree angle, XPS 40-degree angle), and therefore we will be able to approach almost entire sinuses easier. The new microdebrider systems can overcome the Hummer's weakness almost completely. We require more thicker cutter blades about 5 mm in diameter, because most patients with chronic sinuitis in Japan have more severe polypoid lesion and surgical area which is mostly more expanded than FESS, compared to those in USA and Europe.View full abstractDownload PDF (2438K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...1998 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 271-275
Published: June 15, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: March 18, 2011
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[in Japanese]1998 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 276-283
Published: June 15, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: March 18, 2011
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]1998 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 284-291
Published: June 15, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: March 18, 2011
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]1998 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 292-294
Published: June 15, 1998
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[in Japanese]1998 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 295-297
Published: June 15, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: March 18, 2011
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...1998 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 301-324
Published: June 15, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: March 18, 2011
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