We report the case of a 62-year-old male patient with nasal septum cancer invading the anterior skull with formation of a brain abscess and brain edema, who was transported to our hospital for disturbance of consciousness and convulsions. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed nasal septum cancer invading the anterior skull, with formation of a brain abscess in the frontal lobe, and cerebral edema. Biopsy of the nasal septum tumor led to the diagnosis of non-keratinized squamous cell carcinoma. A neurosurgeon performed resection of the tumor invading the anterior skull base and frontal lobe via a craniotomy, with the cooperation of an otorhinolaryngologist who provided intranasal endoscopic guidance. The anterior skull base was closed using a fascia lata and a pericranial flap. Postoperative radiotherapy was undertaken, and the patient showed a good clinical course, without recurrence.

　Patients with such symptoms as fever and sore throat often consult the otolaryngology department, but in the presence of atypical oral mucosal lesions, when systemic disease is suspected, cooperation of other departments should be sought for management of the patients.

　We report two cases of Stevens-Johnson syndrome who visited the department of otorhinolaryngology with complaints of sore throat and fever.

　Stevens-Jonson syndrome was suspected in both cases as, besides pharyngeal mucosal lesions, examination revealed mucocutaneous lesions. Dermatologists promptly started the patient on steroid treatment. Since pharyngeal mucosal lesions were also observed, the patients were also examined at the otorhinolaryngology department. Based on the results of skin biopsy performed at the time of admission, a definitive diagnosis of Stevens-Jonson syndrome was made in both patients, possibly caused by mycoplasma infection or a drug. The mucocutaneous findings gradually improved with the steroid treatment and healed without leaving any sequelae.

　Early diagnosis and treatment are important in cases of Stevens-Johnson syndrome as, if treatment is delayed, the lesions could leave sequelae; in the worst case scenario, death could occur.

　When examining a patient presenting with sore throat or fever, pay careful attention to the presence of other findings, such as skin and mucosal lesions, and if any abnormal findings are present, consider the possibility of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and promptly consult the relevant department (especially dermatology). Cooperation among departments is important in patient management.

　The patient was a 27-year-old woman who was hospitalized for a bloodstream infection, and was referred to our clinic when she became aware of hoarseness of the voice. Laryngeal endoscopy revealed that her left vocal cord was fixed at the paramedian position. Movements of her right vocal cord were maintained and the airway was patent. Her chest X-ray and cervical-chest CT showed marked cardiac enlargement and pulmonary artery dilatation. Her left vocal cord paralysis was thought to be due to compression of the left recurrent laryngeal nerve by the dilated pulmonary artery. Such development of left vocal cord paralysis as a result of enlarged cardiovascular structures is called Ortner syndrome. We report a case of vocal cord paralysis caused by an enlarged pulmonary artery secondary to pulmonary hypertension, which is a rare cardiovascular cause of Ortner syndrome, with some review of the literature. Vocal cord paralysis is a symptom often encountered by otolaryngologists, and could arise from a wide variety of causes. When exploring the cause, it is necessary not only to confirm the presence/absence of local laryngeal disease by laryngeal fiberoptic endoscopy and presence/absence of neoplastic lesions in the neck and mediastinum by imaging, but also consider the possibility of a cardiovascular cause; therefore, a careful history of symptoms of cardiovascular disease, such as dyspnea, chest pain, bloody sputum and/or edema, should also be obtained.