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Volume 42, Issue Supplement2
Displaying 1-12 of 12 articles from this issue
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Motoichi Sato, Masatoshi Ishibashi, Masanori Tsuji1999 Volume 42 Issue Supplement2 Pages 143-148
Published: August 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: March 18, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOn two occasions in the past, in 1994 and 1995, the authors have lectured on this subject under the title of “Can Hippocrates be Revived in the Present Age ?”
The traditional treatment using medication alone for curing allergic rhinitis has not proved effective, despite the various new pharmaceuticals developed in Japan and abroad in recent years. This has motivated the authors to refine and update the method successfully developed by Yerusharmi of Israel, who in1980 had announced, at the Institute Pasteur in France, a treatment using mineral water natural spring water…heated to 43°C.
For this purpose, the authors developed a new nasal 2-way nebulizer system that adopts 2-way pressure ducts to provide simultaneous vaporization of steam (vapor) from one duct and nebulization of medicament from the other. As to optimizing the vapor flow into the nasal cavity, the authors installed a thermo-sensor on the connector located immediately before the pressure distribution control box, so that the temperature of the vapor entering the nose piece is indicated in real-time on a panel on the front of the control box. The authors also installed on the front of the box an electrical part that automatically stops the flow of vapor from the compressor once the temperature of the vapor reaches a predetermined level. This mechanism ensures that the vapor entering the nasal cavity is not overheated. (Refer to the attached photograph.)
Another new idea adopted by the authors was to provide a slide-open window on the connector, so that the window opening can be easily widened or narrowed in accordance with the symptoms patient's and the patency of the nasal cavity.
The patients themselves have confirmed that they can feel sufficient heated vapor (43°C) entering their nasal cavities, and we have shown that repeating the process several times significantly improved the patency of their nasal cavities. We also found that hypersecretion subsided, at least as long as the effect of the heated vapor remained. The authors concentrated on upgrading the functions of, and increasing the operability of the device for the nebulizer systemView full abstractDownload PDF (1312K) -
Yoshiyuki Shirai, Yoichi Ishizuka, Masao Tateno, Tsuyoshi Nakamura, Ma ...1999 Volume 42 Issue Supplement2 Pages 149-153
Published: August 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: March 18, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe therapeutic effects on snoring of a nasal spray, TK 001, were determined in 52 patients whose chief complaint was snoring. TK 001 is a drug administered via a nasal spray or drops developed for use as a snoring-inhibitor which is intended to produce everlastingly favorable therapeutic efficacy. The formulation of TK 001 includes glycerin for moisturization of the nasal mucosa and naphazolin hydrochloride as the active ingredient, which has already been field-proven and widely used as vasoconstriction drug or angiotonic.
The patients consisited of 35 males and 17 females aged 20 to 45 years. Each patient was instructed to spray TK 001 into both nasal cavities 3 times at bedtime. The results were as follows : “markedly improved” in 13 patients, “moderately improved” in 12 patients, “slightly improved” in 21 patients, “poor” in 5 patients, and “worsened” in 1 patient.
Hence, the efficacy rates of “moderately improved” or better response and of “slightly improved” or better response were 48.1% and 88.5%, respectively.View full abstractDownload PDF (755K) -
AS COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THESE FREQUENCY IN BRONCHIAL ASTHMATIC PATIENTS INHALATED WITHOUT BDPYoshio Nishizawa, Yasuko Nishizawa, Fumi Yoshioka, Yayoi Oyama, Fumiyo ...1999 Volume 42 Issue Supplement2 Pages 154-160
Published: August 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: March 18, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe aim of this clinical study for 5 years was to investigate the influence of beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) inhalation therapy for bronchial asthmatic patients with an asthmatic attack (AA) on pathogen of respiratory infectious diseases. BAPTs (582) were divided into 2 groups by the rondamized table, group A with 294 Pts who were treated with BDP-inhalation and group B with 288 Pts treated without BDP-inhalation. We studied 412AA episodes of 294 Pts with BDP inhalation therapy and 294 AA episodes of 288 Pts without BDP inhalation therapy. There was no difference between two groups in percent FcC1.0, percent VC, PaO2, PaCO2, pH, body temperature. Titer of CRP, count of WBC and excretion of sputum in group A was significantly higher than those in group B. Pathogen infection (bacterial infection involving with tuberuclosis, mold infection and viral infection) in group A was significantly observed more than in group B. These data suggest that BDP inhalation increases respiratory pathogen infectious diseases induced in BAPts with AA.View full abstractDownload PDF (866K) -
Toshio Ogoshi, Kazunari Okamura, Nobuo Usui1999 Volume 42 Issue Supplement2 Pages 161-165
Published: August 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: March 18, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study is to find out how to obtain high deposition rate of aerosol particles at the larynx in nebulization therapy.
We examined deposition rate of RI aerosol particles generated by an ultrasonic nebulizer (OMRON NEU-12) in the respiratory and digestive tracts. The aerosol of99mTc-diethylene triamine penta acetic asid (99mTc DTPA) was inhaled through the mouth in five healthy male volunteers. Each volunteer inhaled the aerosol under two kinds of respirations :
(1) quiet respiration, (2) phonation during inspiration.
Under the quiet respiration, 3.2% of total deposited aerosol in the body was counted in the laryngeal region. The deposition rate of the lungs were 42.9% of total deposition. Under the phonation during inspiration, 8.2% was counted in the laryngeal region, and 15.2% in the lungs.
The mechanism of changing the deposition rate of the larynx and lungs was observed as the path of the vocal cords gets narrower.
These results suggest that respiratory conditions influenced the deposition of aerosol particles to the larynx and lungs.View full abstractDownload PDF (1577K) -
Toshiko Mamiya, Mayumi Komori, [in Japanese], [in Japanese], Shigenobu ...1999 Volume 42 Issue Supplement2 Pages 166-171
Published: August 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: March 18, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA mucosal disfunction and inadequate ventilation may cause paranasal sinusitis. We made an experimental device and measured differential pressures between the nasal cavity and the maxillary sinus by using our new hydrodynamic technique in a previous study. Now, our new device has two openings, they were regarded one as the ostium, and the other as counter opening. We measured differential pressures between the nasal cavity and the maxillary sinus by the same technique. The differential pressures increased with a counter opening, moreover with an enlargement of the maxillary ostium, significantly. We simultaneously measured each pressure, phase-of normal breathing and hyperventilation inhuman subject (male 6, female 2). 5 patients were made a counter opening by operation. In the results these pressures were compared between normal breathing and hyperventilation, thery were recognized as significant increase (p <0.05). It was suggested that the ventilation increased the differential pressure between the nasal cavity and the paranasal sinuses, as increasing the flow rate of the nasal cavity. When the respiration frequency is increased the exchange rate of the paranasal sinuses also increased.
From these results, it is considered that flow conditions through the nose might affect changing pressure in the maxillary sinus.
It may be desirable to increase the air flow rate in the nasal cavity, and to make a large enough of the maxillary ostium and the counter opening in order to introduce a number of aerosol particles inside of the paranasal sinuses.View full abstractDownload PDF (671K) -
Masanobu Imada, Satoshi Nonaka1999 Volume 42 Issue Supplement2 Pages 172-175
Published: August 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: March 18, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study was to clarify how many aerosol particles adhered to the inside of the spacer (Volumatic, Allen & Hanbury Ltd.) in ultrasound and jet nebulizers, and what factors affected the rate of adherence.
The spacer was connected tightly to the ultrasound or the jet nebulizer. A filter paper (20 mm×200 mm) was stuck to the bottom of the spacer and its weight measured at each pre-and post-trial, then the rate of adherence of aerosol particles was calculated.
The rate of adherence of aerosol particles produced by the jet nebulizer was lower than that of the ultrasound nebulizer. The longer the aerosol particles were produced, the higher the rate of adherence was to the inside of the spacer. The rate of adherence of aerosol particles decreased with simulated ventilation according to volume, i.e., 4.91% at 0 ml, 4.28% at 500ml and 3.97% at 700 ml. Addition or glycerin to tne base (distilled water) reduced the rate of adherence of aerosol particles.View full abstractDownload PDF (505K) -
Noriko Yokozawa, Yoshitaka Kurasawa, Yuka Ashimine, [in Japanese], [in ...1999 Volume 42 Issue Supplement2 Pages 176-180
Published: August 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: March 18, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe MDI (Metered-Dose Inhaler) of β-stimulants or steroids is useful for the treatment of bronchial ashma mostly on the aerosol therapy. However, the adverse-drug-reaction by overdose of these medicines can be serious. According to questionnaire survey on the MDI, only about 50% of patients could use MDI properly. Besides, many of these patients who used MDI as the doctor instructed, included a group of proper user, The ratio of overdose on only β -stimulants is higher than with steroids. Our results suggest that it is important to supply pharmaceutical instruction for a proper use of MDI.View full abstractDownload PDF (676K) -
Mayumi Komori, Masato Miwa, Toshiko Mamiya, Yuka Kondo, [in Japanese], ...1999 Volume 42 Issue Supplement2 Pages 181-185
Published: August 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: March 18, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of osmolarity changes in nebulizer solutions on nasal mucosa was not known clearly.
We measured nasal airway resistance, total nasal volume, weight of nasal drop and nasal mucociliay clearance by saccharin granule technique during the aerosol administration. The contents of nebulizer solutions were distilled water, physiological saline solution and 10% saline solution.
Mucociliary clearance were improved in each concentration of solutions. Total nasal volume, nasal airway resistance and weight of nasal drop increased after inhalation of hypertonic saline.
These results suggest osmolarity changes of nebulizer solutions affect mucociliary clearance and nasal mucosal swelling.View full abstractDownload PDF (457K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]1999 Volume 42 Issue Supplement2 Pages 186-188
Published: August 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: March 18, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS -
Yuji Yoshiyama1999 Volume 42 Issue Supplement2 Pages 189-194
Published: August 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: March 18, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUltrasonic nebulization is widely performed for inhalant therapy. But there still remain some ploblems in the stability of the drug in inhalant solutions during ultrasonic nebulization. We have reported that the remaining ratios of some drugs were below 90% after nebulization using the conventional ultrasonic nebulizer. The drugs that showed a decrease in content, a change in appearance or produce a bad smell after ultrasonic nebulization should be used carefully. And it is necessary to develop a special preparations for nebulizaton therapy.
A new ultrasonic nebulizer has been developed by OMRON. We investigated the effect of the new ultrasonic nebulizer on the stability of some drugs for inhalant therapy. Stability tests were performed on drugs in terms of visible changes, pH, smell and degradation rate of the drug after ultrasonic nebulization. The changes in pH, apparent appearance and smell were not observed for the drugs. The ratios of all drugs remained at more than 95% after ultrasonic nebulization using the new ultrasonic nebulizer.
Therefore, the drugs are highly stable using new ultrasonic nebulizer and should be effective. We concluded that the new ultrasonic nebulizing method can be applied in the inhalant therapy of many inhalant preparations.View full abstractDownload PDF (694K) -
Kenji Suzuki, Shunkichi Baba1999 Volume 42 Issue Supplement2 Pages 195-199
Published: August 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: March 18, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNebulization Therapy as a topical treatment for sinusitis is one of the most widely used therapies because of its safety and convenience. We investigated surface and tissue transitional concentration of aerosol of antibacterial agents in treatment of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinusitis via a ultrasonic-type or a jet-type nebulizer, and we reported that nebulization therapy with antibacterial agents was valuable for improvement of middle meatal pathology and brought on sufficient transitional concentration of agents to the maxillary sinus. However, clinical evaluations of nasal nebulization therapy have not been standardized, we are anticipating the establishment of a grading standard for clinical efficacy.
In the present study, we attempted to establish a simple grading standard for the clinical efficacy of nasal nebulization therapy. We indicated the grading standard for subjective and objective symptoms during clinical trials of new drugs, and the results of clinical evaluation according to this grading standard. We indicated the simple grading standard of clinical efficacy consisting of 6 observation items (subjective symptoms : headache, nasal discharge, nasal obstruction ; objective symptoms : amount of nasal discharge, swelling of nasal mucosa, character of nasal discharge). These assessments require professional knowledge and judgment in the otolaryngological field. Nasal nebulization therapy as well as upper respiratory tract nebulization therapy should be performed under the supervision and direction of an otolaryngologist.View full abstractDownload PDF (730K) -
Kiyohisa Sekizawa1999 Volume 42 Issue Supplement2 Pages 200-203
Published: August 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: March 18, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe concentration of exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) may be a useful factor for monitoring the control of airway inflammation in asthma. CO analyzers are not widely used at the present time, but they are portable and not expensive. This CO analyzer may be used in conjunction with home peak flow meters. Thus, exhaled CO measurements may be useful in monitoring the level of control of asthma and response to anti-inflammatory treatments in individual asthmatic patients.View full abstractDownload PDF (383K)
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