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Volume 28 (1977 - 197･･･
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Volume 28, Issue 1
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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Minoru Yokoyama1977 Volume 28 Issue 1 Pages 2-18
Published: June 30, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESST.J. Scheff presented his own labelling theory as to stable mental disorders. I wondered if his theory was proved by materials in Japan. I analyzed the materials as to schizophrenia. Then I concluded that his theory was not all correct.
I would like to insist on the following : A man is usually labeled as “schizophrenia”, if his mental capacity has been damaged such an extent that it can't be restored easily, and his behavior is also perceived as deviant. 2. It is formally labeled by a psychiatrist. 3. “Schizophrenia” is a medical technical term and doesn't have any negative connotation. 4. However, people have given it a lot of negative connotation. 5. Then, once a man is diagnosed as “schizophrenia”, he is treated disadvantageously every time it leaks out. For example he and his siblings find it difficult to join in marriage, because “schizophrenia” connotes a cursed blood. He is gradually alienated from his friends, colleagues and neighbours, because it connotes a dangerous and terrible man. He is frequently deprived of his job and can't get a new job. He is inflicted not only by his mental illness, but also by the label “schizophrenia”.
The labelling theory has some advantages. Gwynn Nettler pointed out two advantages. I. It asks “society” whether it is reacting to the deviant's behavior or to its own definition of the deviance. To this question, I answered with the above 1. II. It alerts us to the possibility that official reactions to some disapproved behaviors may do more harm than good. In order to solve this problem, above all we have to analyze a process how the negative connotation of the lavel has been reproduced, because it is the main source of harm.View full abstractDownload PDF (2170K) -
Mitsuya Iga1977 Volume 28 Issue 1 Pages 19-33
Published: June 30, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: January 29, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn general, the class formation is the development of the division of population in material process into one in ideological process. In particular, the class formation of factory worker who has become conscious of his own class interest is the development of the intra-class assimilation into intra-class unification. This happens easily under two conditions ; one condition is that element which determines the material process of class formation changes to increase intra-class assimilation and inter-class differentiation. The other is that every element which determines the ideological process of class formation changes to unify working class against final captors of surplus labour. These conditions are provided by the socialisation of production. This equalize the every factory which differ in technology, size and division of labor. The change of every element which determines the process of class formation to this direction, develops intra-class assimilation into intra-class unification.View full abstractDownload PDF (2143K) -
Sociology of “Development” Reconsidered from the Viewpoint of International RelationsMitsuo Ogura1977 Volume 28 Issue 1 Pages 34-48
Published: June 30, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe theoretical bases of modern Western sociology are critically discussed because of its culture-bound characteristics. In relation to the discussion, however, sociologists has not paid due attention to the Third World. Until the Third World proceeded to industrialization mostly after World War II, the Third World had usually been out of Western sociological sight. Though nowadays most of sociologists recognize practical importance of so-called problems of the Third World, the main concern of sociological studies of the Third World is limited within socio-cultural factors of industrialization. Sociology of development considers the Third World as backward countries or developing countries. This sociology is usually based on modernization theory which has distilled exclusively from the historical experience of modernization process in the West.
Development of the West had close relations to underdevelopment of the Third World. This fact was shown by many scholars from Karl. Marx to Basil Devidson. Development on one side often produces underdevelopment on the other. Then development problems should be studied with reference to inter-societal relationship. Max Weber and Emile Durkheim showed great concern in non-Western societies and studied those a great deal. They used, however, mainly a comparative method, and did not take into consideration the relationship itself between the Third World and the West though they critically discussed present and future conditions of modern industrialized societies.
Even today most of sociologists consider development or social change only as intra-societal process. If it continues to be neglected that development should be analysed also inter-societal process, sociology of development will be ideology of advanced industrial societies. I consider critically the theory of cultural diffusion and, try to comment on the possibility of sociology of “development and underdevelopment.”View full abstractDownload PDF (2183K) -
Harumi Sasatani, Toshikatsu Oda1977 Volume 28 Issue 1 Pages 49-71
Published: June 30, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present paper, focusing on the change of the family role structure, describes how contraction of a chronical disease can be influential to one's family functions. The sick person inevitably declines or loses ability in role performances. Therefore, when the family has the sick, the role structure of family might change. That is, the family members except the sick, if they want to keep their family functions in the same way, must partly or totally undertake the duties of the sick person.
Whether or not this subrogation goes smoothly and the family functions are maintained as usual seems to be determined by the following factors : the degree of the sickness and status (husband, wife or child) of the sick ; family size and stage of family life cycle ; class ; relationship with relatives, neighbors and occupational groups ; and existing state of the national welfare system.The authors examined twenty four conjugal families and categorized them into following three groups : the change of role structure no dysfunction…(A) dysfunction → reversion to former functions…(B) dysfunction → permanent dysfunction…(C)
In this study, 11 (A) cases, 2 (B) cases, 11 (C) cases were found. Regarding the (C) group, the physical condition of the sick was not only extremely bad but also the family was small and on an early stage of the family life cycle. Moreover, the family was of the lower class and did not associate frequently with the outer groups such as mentioned above. Therefore these (C) group families could not have good success in the role re-distributions to keep the family functions, and they could only make a bare living with livelihood assistance under the Livelihood Protection Law.
The authors recommend that the process of the change of the family role structure should be considered in order to make clear the health problems faced by the contemporary families.View full abstractDownload PDF (2854K) -
A perspective for the Sociological Study of LeisureChihiro Hidaka1977 Volume 28 Issue 1 Pages 72-86
Published: June 30, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: January 29, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe separations of the time and of the space mark urban life. Leisure in the urban life is related to these facts. It is a domain of our lives in which the way of life is expressed. We can say that leisure is the domain filled up with the activities released from the institutional duties-we call these “the leisure activities” -, among the living activities relating reciprocally.
This perspective needs for a sociological study which consists of five schemes ; the structure of the life time, the occupational culture sector, the family culture sector, the community culture sector, and the leisure culture sector.
The first is an aspect of the distributions of the leisure activities and the non-leisure activities, which is analyzed by means of “the time budget”. But this scheme is not the very object of the sociological study of leisure, but offers the basic data to the other four aspects of the culture sectors.
The second is the aspect of the leisure life which emerges from relating to the occupation, its contents, income, career, milieu and human relations in the working place.
The third is the aspect of the leisure life which emerges from relating to the family constitution, the family life cycle, the role structure in the family.
The fourth is the aspect of the leisure life which emerges from relating to the geographic-physical circumstances in the community, the condition of the leisure facilities, the neighbourhood, the organization of leisure, and the traditional culture in the community.
The last is the aspect of the leisure life which emerges from participating in the various leisure groups and relating to the mass-like world, and this would be the important sector for the sociological study of leisure.View full abstractDownload PDF (1914K) -
[in Japanese]1977 Volume 28 Issue 1 Pages 87-89
Published: June 30, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS -
[in Japanese]1977 Volume 28 Issue 1 Pages 90-92
Published: June 30, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (452K) -
[in Japanese]1977 Volume 28 Issue 1 Pages 93-96
Published: June 30, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (387K)
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