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Volume 57 (2006 - 200･･･
- Issue 4 Pages 662-
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Volume 57, Issue 4
Displaying 1-10 of 10 articles from this issue
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]2007 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages 662-665
Published: March 31, 2007
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS -
Body, Violence and the Nation-StateKazuhisa NISHIHARA2007 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages 666-686
Published: March 31, 2007
Released on J-STAGE: April 23, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this paper, first, the meaning of “theory” is considered and then the three kinds of sociological theory, namely, the fundamental theory, the middle-range theory, and the idealistic theory, are presented. Second, the problems of interaction and intersubjectivity-including the problems of corporeality and/or intercorporeality-are brought into discussion from a standpoint of (phenomenological sociological) “genetic interactionism”: then the four basic social aspects of our contemporary society, i. e., the scientific-technological society, knowledge-information society, capitalistic-consumer society, and modern nation-state, are mentioned. Third, I primarily wish to present the theoretical route to the problem of nation-state, with a special focuson the concept of “champ (=field)” raised by P. Bourdieu. Finally, within the context of sociological theory as the social theory in the age of globalization, I propose my own conception that the main issues in contemporary Japanese sociological associations are located in the spheres of both corporeality/intercorporeality and post-national orientation.View full abstractDownload PDF (2401K) -
The Evasion of Morality and the End of Solidarity: System Differentiation and GovernmentalityTakeshi MIKAMI2007 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages 687-707
Published: March 31, 2007
Released on J-STAGE: April 23, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe following discussion presents the ambivalent relationship between sociology and morality under the circumstances that sociology faces at present. At the beginning, we will begin by referring to the theoretical trend and will question the concept of society, like U. Beck did.
Thereafter, we will reconsider solidarity, as seen from the standpoints of “the crisis of the welfare state” and “risk society.” We will also investigate the history of modern society and sociology from the perspective of “governmentality, ” as originated by M. Foucault. According to F. Ewald, the concept of solidarity was a major premise of the welfare state.
We will simultaneously examine the difficulty of achieving moral integration in a “postmodern” age. N. Luhmann considered the abandonment of moral integration within the context of advanced functional differentiation. The theory of governmentality and the systems theory will be combined in order to understand the future of a society that evades morality and suffers a loss of solidarity.
To ask what society is means to ask what “the social” is, which, in turn, means to ask whether sociology was born in the context of modern society. The validity of the concept of “the social” will be the central and unavoidable theme for sociologists in this age of neoliberalism and globalization.View full abstractDownload PDF (2264K) -
A Perspective on a National Framework and International EnvironmentHideki TARUMOTO2007 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages 708-726
Published: March 31, 2007
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAs its raison d'être, transnational and global sociology attempts analyses of globalized realities; however, it does not necessarily succeed in creating social theories. How can it create social theories using transnational/global sociological imagination ? This article focuses on the relationship between international migrants and citizenship in terms of policy and explores the prospects of theorization from three viewpoints. First, a research topic should be worth being theorized about and should have the potential to develop into one of the several forms of explanatory theories. Second, theorization regarding relationships between international migrants and citizenship substantiates the need to fully develop a national framework, such as the Hammar = Koido = Tarumoto model (the HKT model), in order to understand globalized realities. Finally, to transcend the limits of a national framework, the research incorporates international environment, where international regimes and international human rights norms exist, as a factor into a social theory. This investigation provides the following general implication for transnational and global sociology: The analysis of globalized realities should not underestimate national frameworks and should not deify transnational frameworks.View full abstractDownload PDF (2181K) -
Inquiry into the Transnational Perspective in Media StudiesMamoru ITO2007 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages 727-747
Published: March 31, 2007
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWhat we are currently witnessing is the construction of new mediascapes that are built by the global flows of information through electronic media, like satellite broadcasting and the Internet. Electronic media have decisively changed the wider field of mass media and other traditional media that have played a significant role in organizing the collective life and culture of a nation as “national media”.
This paper aims to examine the views on the relationship between global media and audiences situated in a specific place that is determined by the discourse power in three analytical frameworks responding to globalization : cultural imperialism, cultural studies and cultural-geographical approaches-these approaches are proposed by D. Morley, K. Robins and A. Appadurai respectively. In addition, this paper aims to propound important issues for empirical researches in media studies.
Cultural imperialism follows the uncertain assumption that the global flows of information conclude the uniformity of cultures in developing countries because American media companies possess large amounts of funds to produce and deliver information and images. Therefore, this assumption is regarded as a theory of the past. Even we cannot accept this assumption. However it is very important that cultural imperialism focuses on the structural inequality of the global flows of information. On the other hand, cultural-geopolitical approaches that are created from the dialogue between cultural anthropology and cultural studies indicate that there are several conflicts and inconsistencies in mediascapes, moreover, these approaches suggest that each audience constructs various types of media-landscape that respond to the complexity of mediascapes.
For a more balanced research on the social processes of media globalization from the cultural-geographical perspective, it is necessary to analyze the power relationship between exclusion and inclusion in mediascapes that are regulated by media conglomerates, the state and national media. It is also necessary to clarify the mode of consumption from the historical viewpoint.View full abstractDownload PDF (2335K) -
Globalization and GenderNatsuko YOSHIZAWA2007 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages 748-762
Published: March 31, 2007
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe reality of globalization, in contemporary society, brings to the fore the differences or confrontations between women in the world, rather than the feminist “idea of global sisterhood”. Two women, for example a white professional woman and a colored woman working as a “second mother, ” are inescapably thrown into an unbalanced power relationship. How can they have a free and equal relationship, a new, difficult relationship that can be called “a public relationship in the private sphere”?
Based on such interests, this paper aims to reveal the on-going change in the assumption of the public-private distinction on which the structure of modern society has been founded. First, we focus on the essential difference among household tasks, particularly child rearing and cleaning, in order to examine the peculiarity of the private sphere. Second, we consider how we can construct a free and equal relationship between women of diametrically different nationalities, cultures, customs, lifestyles and so on, keeping intact our respect for each other's dignity. Finally, we attempt to explain that to respect others is to respect their private spheres as the space of a free mind.View full abstractDownload PDF (1698K) -
A Critical Inquiry into Hyper-Reflexivity and Collective Life FormsYoko OGAWA(NISHIAKI)2007 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages 763-783
Published: March 31, 2007
Released on J-STAGE: April 23, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDrawing from extensive literature and fieldwork in media and consumer culture, the paper attempts to offer a new perspective in an effort to envision future sociological investigations into the globalization of collective life forms.
First, the paper suggests that, in favor of spatial dimensions, the temporal aspects of globalization have been dismissed in sociological literature. Second, as an example of the above tendency, the paper proceeds to criticize the discussion on the so-called postmodern culture which is often represented by the MTV channel. The paper also argues that too much emphasis on the flat structure of the world overshadows both the theoretical and practical implications that might have been brought by sociological inquiries into the study of globalization.
In the third and fourth sections, the paper proposes an alternative view of globalization with special and due regards to temporal consciousness and practices that have recently emerged. Sustainable time and nonlinear time are discussed respectively; however, the paper demonstrates that, in reality, these two concepts are closely tied and even interwoven in relation with media narratives and global environmental risks, which have become more prevalent in everyday life.
Finally, the paper concludes that the above-mentioned double helix of time, i. e., sustainability and nonlinearity, can be best understood if we hypothesized that hyper-reflexivity is a core around which the double helix of time develops as an emerging expression of collective life in response to globalization. This hypothesis, the paper ventures to argue, in turn, enables us to cast a new light on the study of space and information society which has been criticized so far. The double helix hypothesis is also expected to promote mutual fertilization of the fields in terms of the multi-modal and spatio-temporal synthesis observed among the different levels of global life.View full abstractDownload PDF (2176K) -
Shoji ISHITSUKA2007 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages 784-803
Published: March 31, 2007
Released on J-STAGE: April 23, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSStarting with the clarification of the origins of Globalization and Modernity, the author presents the three sets of thematization : the thematization of Ideology and Sociology, Modernity and Contemporary Social Theory, finally that of the Postmodern Situation.
In the first section, the genealogy of ideology-concept will be discussed in relation to the newly emerging modern science of sociology and to its historical alteration. Émile Durkheim's posthumous writings, Sociology and Philosophy (1924) is suggestive while György Lukacs' Socio-ontological project (1964-71) is most comprehensive with regard to the postmodern recapitulation of the modernity biased ideology-concept.
In the second section, the modernity-problem will be put on the focus of argument, especially in the context of contemporary sociological theory. The four contemporary most influential theorists are shortly examined : namely, Niklas Luhmann, Jürgen Habermas, Pierre Bourdieu, and Anthony Giddens. This examination will show us a dichotomical orientation of immanence and transcendence in relation to the modernity-problem. As a result, it requires a new treatment of social theorizing : the theory of the postmodern situation.
In the concluding section 3, the author will present his own theorization of the on-going contemporary society, namely the Theory of the Postmodern Situation. According to this theory, the following sets of three categories are emerging respectively on the societal as well as on the philosophical levels in an age of globalization : on the societal phase are the categories of feminism, ethnicity and ecology; desire, other, and nature are on the philosophical phase.View full abstractDownload PDF (2201K) -
[in Japanese]2007 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages 804-820
Published: March 31, 2007
Released on J-STAGE: April 23, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (2008K) -
[in Japanese]2007 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages 821-830
Published: March 31, 2007
Released on J-STAGE: April 23, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1063K)
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