Japanese Sociological Review

The Social Geography of “Seismic Intensity 7”

Earthquake Disaster in Ashiya-city

Kojiro MIYAHARA, Shin'ichi MORI

1998 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 2-20
Published: June 30, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: April 23, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4057/jsr.49.2

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What the word “jisin” (“earthquake”) refers to is not the same what “shinsai” (“earthquake disaster”) refers to. The former means “tremor of the earth”, and the latter means “disaster by an earthquake”. “Earthquake disaster” results from the interaction of natural phenomena and human life conditions. Thus, it is necessary for the study of “earthquake disaster” to investigate the living arrangements of the areas harmed by the quake.
From this perspective, we describe the damages by “Hansin-Awaji Earthquake Disaster” in Ashiya-city in relation to the living arrangements of various areas within the city.
We divide Ashiya into 5 areas from “Mountain” to “Seaside”. For each area, we show the data of its damage by the earthquake and its quality of living arrangement. Ashiya has an image of “Cultural Residential City of International Importance” with its luxuary mansions and highly modern apartments. But we argue that there is a great discrepancy between its image and reality, particularly in the case of “Central” area which was the most seriously damaged. “Mountain” area and “New Seaside” area were consistent with Ashiya's image and had better quality of living arrangement, which resulted in much less death-rates. Yet, people in “Central” area lived under less earthquake-resistant conditions, which led to the worst disaster of “Seismic Intensity 7”.

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A Subject on the Map

Reading “A Country Schoolteacher” of Tayama Katai

Masanao KATSUMATA

1998 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 21-41
Published: June 30, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: April 23, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4057/jsr.49.21

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What kind of meaning did the map attached to the “A Country Schoolteacher” of Tayama Katai include ? From the change of the geography textbooks in the late Meiji era we know that the geographical map was organized from the vertical gaze of the Japan Empire. Katai adopted this gaze to his novel, “A Country Schoolteacher”. He put the hero on a map and moved him on it. This operation made the time, the space and the description of the novel. Katai got this viewpoint from his experience of the Rosso-Japanese War. Under the gaze a young man of a country was grasped as a subject of the Japan Empire. As the result, the tragedy of the hero of the novel came to cause the sympathy of the people of the 'imaged community' of Japan.

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La reconstruction du Suicide

sur l'interprétation du Suicide par Philippe Besnard

Hitoshi YAKUSHIIN

1998 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 42-59
Published: June 30, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4057/jsr.49.42

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Mon essai réexamine et critique l'interprétation du Suicide (Émile Durkheim, 1897) par Philippe Besnard. Nous montrons les limites de la reconstruction du Suicide par Besnard. Et notre intention est d'apprécler la profondeur de la problématique que fournit le Suicide.
Besnard affirme que la “vraie” théorie durkheimienne a été gauchi, dans le Suicide, par l'effet des préjugés de Durkheim à légard des femmes. C'est à dire, Durkheim a relégué le suicide fataliste--qui résulte d'un excès de réglementation--pour qu'il dissimule le fait que les femmes, aussi bien que les hommes, avaient «besoin de liberté».
Besnard retrouve le suicide fataliste relégué dans le Suicide par Durkheim. Et Besnard le situe sur la dimension régulation en rapport, exprimé par une curbe en U, avec le suicide anomique. On trouvera dans notre article quatre matières suivantes :
1. Une reconstitution théorique de l'interprétation du Suicide par Philippe Besnard.
2. La fouille du motif de son interprétation du Suicide.
3. Le réexamen de la légitimité de cette interprétation. Surtout, on remarque que Besnard a délaissé le suicide artruiste dans sa reconstitution du Suicide. C'est là qu'on trouve un écart entre Durkheim et Besnard.
4. L'intention du Suicide est seulement de rechercher les conditions dont dépend ce fait défini le taux social des suicides. Ce n'est jamais d'éclaircir le rapport entre les actes individuels et ses causes sociales.
En conclusion, l'interprétation par Philippe Besnard n'est qu'un des aspects de l'interprétation du Suicide.
mots-cléfs : Philippe Besnard, Le Suicide (Émile Durkheim, 1897), le suicide artruiste

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On the Analyzability of “Oral Tradition”

Analysis of Talk-in-Interaction on Story-Telling

Shigeru URANO

1998 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 60-76
Published: June 30, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4057/jsr.49.60

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Story-telling is one of the activities. That is, story-telling is doing a specific job with various moral implications within actual interactional setting. Thus, we have to examine stories regarding their specific job within the interactional setting, independent of, and prior to, questions tied to the representation of the reality. Analysis of talk-in-interaction on story-telling concentrates on this point. In this respect, this paper takes up the stories about tonchibo that have been told among Sado islanders in Niigata Prefecture and describes the way those stories are achieved as socially shared “oral tradition” relevantly consisting of the actual course of interaction. Through this descroption, it is shown that oral tradition is an interactional phenomenon to be investigated in its own right.

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A Study of the regional subculture

Masato INA

1998 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 77-96
Published: June 30, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: April 23, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4057/jsr.49.77

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This study debates the possibility of “regional subcultures”, foccussing on the case of independent moviemen and their field in Okayama city. Not only giant metropolises but some “local cities” in Japan also have cultivated the capacity to develop subcultures. The case of Okayama's moviemen gives some facts in corroboration of this statement. Their movements have developed “a new regional movie scene” in Okayama. They have turned peripheral handicaps to advantage, and developed their styles of the activities. Their styles have distinctive features of the region, though different from traditional local ones. The distinction between new notions of controllable “cultural scene” and older notions of vernacular “cultural community”, make it possible to accentuate new regional aspects of the subculture.

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Construction of Defendant's Motive and Categorization of Victim in Court

A Case of Homeless Killing in Osaka's Dotonbori

Ayumi KARIYA

1998 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 97-109
Published: June 30, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4057/jsr.49.97

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In this paper, based on court records of the incident of homeless killing in Osaka's Dotonbori (1995), we shall show how in court the construction of motives is related with the categorization of victim and how both support each other.
This case was regarded not as an usual murder but as'homeless killing'. In general the category homeless accompanies with two kinds of images :'poor and helpless'/'deviant'. The prosection and counsels tried to make effective use of this category. In some time they emphasized that the victim was a'poor and helpless'homeless and in other time stressed that he was a'deviant'.
Such categorization of a victim into a homeless helped the construction of the defendant's motives.As he had a inborn sickness and therefore was jobless, he was'poor and helpless'and'deviant'like homeless.He discovered himself or his future in homeless on the street. So he had a bad feeling to homeless and sometimes picked on them.The prosecution and counsels (and even the defendant himself) explained that everyday accumlation of these feeling and acts made motives in this case. In this way motives were constructed through categorization.

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

1998 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 110-116
Published: June 30, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4057/jsr.49.110

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

1998 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 117-120
Published: June 30, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4057/jsr.49.117

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

1998 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 121-122
Published: June 30, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4057/jsr.49.121

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

1998 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 122-124
Published: June 30, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4057/jsr.49.122

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

1998 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 125-126
Published: June 30, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4057/jsr.49.125

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

1998 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 127-128
Published: June 30, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4057/jsr.49.127

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

1998 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 128-130
Published: June 30, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4057/jsr.49.128

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

1998 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 130-132
Published: June 30, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4057/jsr.49.130

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

1998 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 132-134
Published: June 30, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4057/jsr.49.132

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

1998 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 134-136
Published: June 30, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4057/jsr.49.134

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

1998 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 136-138
Published: June 30, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4057/jsr.49.136

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

1998 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 138-140
Published: June 30, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4057/jsr.49.138

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

1998 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 140-141
Published: June 30, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4057/jsr.49.140

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

1998 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 142-143
Published: June 30, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4057/jsr.49.142

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

1998 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 143-145
Published: June 30, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: April 23, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4057/jsr.49.143

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

1998 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 145-147
Published: June 30, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4057/jsr.49.145

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

1998 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 147-149
Published: June 30, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4057/jsr.49.147

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

1998 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 149-151
Published: June 30, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4057/jsr.49.149

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

1998 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 151-153
Published: June 30, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4057/jsr.49.151

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

1998 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 153-155
Published: June 30, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4057/jsr.49.153

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[title in Japanese]

1998 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 156-167
Published: June 30, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4057/jsr.49.156

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