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Volume 44 (1993 - 199･･･
- Issue 4 Pages 366-
- Issue 3 Pages 244-
- Issue 2 Pages 102-
- Issue 1 Pages 2-
Volume 44, Issue 2
Displaying 1-13 of 13 articles from this issue
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Chiyo Yonemura1993 Volume 44 Issue 2 Pages 102-115,241
Published: September 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn previous ie studies, merchant houses have been conceptualized as units of genealogical federations and ie enterprises. This phenomenon was common in ordinary merchant houses before the Meiji Era. However, under this conceptualization, we cannot grasp the ie of large merchant houses which became bigger, particularly in the Meiji Era, and became bureaucratized commercial corporations. In these houses, these two components of genealogical federations and ie enterprises were divided. Through the analysis of the constitution of the family, as defined by each family, I would like to show that people in these classes thought of their whole enterprises as ie, even though the managers of enterprises were not always the members of genealogical federations.
As a conclusion, I will point out that members of genealogical federations were able to combine ie and enterprises by monopolizing the capital available to them. The concept of property being owned by individuals was introduced in the Meiji Era by the state. But these houses did not adopt this new concept into their family constitutions. They prescribed that the capital was not owned by individuals but by members of genealogical federations jointly so as to maintain their ie property.View full abstractDownload PDF (2153K) -
a Methodology Test of Symbolic InteractionismNobuyuki Takahashi1993 Volume 44 Issue 2 Pages 116-130,241
Published: September 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSProblems of self have always been the main theme of Symbolic Interactionism. The self is interrelated to social environment as it arises from the social interaction of an individual.
Symbolic Interaction theory as derived mainly from the works of George Herbert Mead views the self-concept as a structure of attitudes which is developed and cultivated from social experience. The self concept organizes the individual's perception of his social milieu ; thus, individual comes to see self through interaction with others.
Now, the leading progenitors of the branch schools of Symbolic Interactionism have been Herbert G. Blumer (Chicage school) and Manford H. Kuhn (Iowa school). Blumer is an exponent of methodology that takes humanistic approach, while Kuhn favors more analytical, scientific method.
Among the scientific method is “Twenty Statement Test” (“Who am I ?” Test) that was developed and formulated by Kuhn and Thomas McPartland. Today, the “Twenty Statement Test” is the most widely used test for studying self-conceptions. The purpose of this article is then to test propositions of this “Who am I ?” Test and discuss some methodological problems in general.View full abstractDownload PDF (1928K) -
--From the Fieldwork on a Korean Kinship Organization in Japan--Nobuhiko Ogawa, Shingo Teraoka1993 Volume 44 Issue 2 Pages 131-146,240
Published: September 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: November 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOne of the most important themes of the contemporary sociology wold be an empirical inquiry into the minorities in Japan. As one of such studies, we take up a Korean kinship organization, (namely Zainichi Kwang San Kim Shi Shinzokukai), and try to show some findings about its ethnicity.
We first show some constituent elements of this organization : that is, the overlap of the three different networks, whose bases are the sameness of kinship, shared attachment to the hometown and proximity of living.
Secondly, we look into the fact that the alternation of generations caused diverse interpretations as to why and how this organization should be sustained.
Thirdly, we will show that such disappearance of consistent self-image makes the leaders to identify their organization in terms of “ethnicity”.
Finally, we try to exemplify the effectiveness of “ethnic boundarism”, which was advocated by F. Barth and S. Wallman.View full abstractDownload PDF (2049K) -
Reimon Bachika1993 Volume 44 Issue 2 Pages 147-160,240
Published: September 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: November 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSValues do not constitute a major focus of inquiry in contemporary sociology in spite of the fact that values are generally considered to be an important part of the subject matter. It is the thesis of this paper that values can be productively studied as individual and social value orientations. The fundamental problems that will be touched upon with respect to individual value orientations are how these orientations are internalized and integrated within individual consciousness. The problems with respect to society relate to the factors of diversification of consciousness and the degree of integration of value orientations within modern society. It will be argued that pluralization of orientations results mainly from the diversification of religion and ideology, occupational consciousness, and modern culture. With respect to individual consciousness it will be argued that it is neither directly determined by social consciousness nor totally constructed at will. The focus on values in the approach adopted here implies a focus on individual biographies, socio-cultural reality, and the relationship between both entities.View full abstractDownload PDF (2059K) -
Keiichi Nabe1993 Volume 44 Issue 2 Pages 161-176,239
Published: September 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: May 07, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOne of main currents in recent social theory is that consideration on communication process, a field in which actors interact with one another, have become a prime subject with “meanings” posited as a fundamental concept. In this paper I make the point that a precursor of such “communicologic turn” is Ferdinand de Saussure. According to him, meanings of language must be understood as “relation” between one item and another. And such a relationalistic approach to them is verified in terms of social action theory ; meanings of action must be comprehended as relation between preceding action and following one.
I propose a general schema of communication process on the basis of the above and try to show as follows : given the selection of actions by actors and their meanings in the process of interaction chains, each meaning of actions is indeterminable and communication necessarily faces its ineffectibility ; thus the determination of meaning is just temporary. In this sense the situation where communication succeed, I conclude, is no more than provisional or pseudo.View full abstractDownload PDF (2041K) -
Theoretical Overview about Ethnic StratificationKaname Y.Tsutsumi1993 Volume 44 Issue 2 Pages 177-187,239
Published: September 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: November 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis article traces the development of ethnic theories which differently explain the significant interplay between ethnicity and social stratification. The classical ethnic theories, such as the ones related to the assimilation perspective, are reviewed, while taking their historical situation into consideration. Unlike classical theories, the internal-colonial theory and the split labor-market theory imply a vertical ethnic stratification. Middleman-minority theory finds several ethnic groups which occupy certain niches between social majorities and minorities. Furthermome, ethnic-enclave theory analyses the so called “enclave economy” which provides immigrant groups economic opportunities. In enclave economy immigrants have the chance of accomplishing upward mobility to a greater extent than immigrants situated in the secondary labor-market in larger society. A schematic survey of the similarities and differences among these theories is contained in figure 1.
While ethnic studies in Japan are at the starting point, such studies in the United States have during a long period been accumulating findings on race and ethnic relations. Although some of these theories as introduced here, deal with conceptual and theoretical problems, I find, nevertheless, that Japanese ethnic scholars can learn a great deal from these theories especially in regards to the relationship between ethnicity and social stratification.View full abstractDownload PDF (1568K) -
[in Japanese]1993 Volume 44 Issue 2 Pages 188-189
Published: September 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: November 11, 2009
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[in Japanese]1993 Volume 44 Issue 2 Pages 189-191
Published: September 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: November 11, 2009
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[in Japanese]1993 Volume 44 Issue 2 Pages 191-192
Published: September 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: November 11, 2009
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[in Japanese]1993 Volume 44 Issue 2 Pages 193-194
Published: September 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: November 11, 2009
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[in Japanese]1993 Volume 44 Issue 2 Pages 194-196
Published: September 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: November 11, 2009
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[in Japanese]1993 Volume 44 Issue 2 Pages 196-198
Published: September 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: November 11, 2009
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1993 Volume 44 Issue 2 Pages 238-200
Published: September 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
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