All issues
Volume 52 (2001 - 200･･･
- Issue 4 Pages 484-
- Issue 3 Pages 382-
- Issue 2 Pages 180-
- Issue 1 Pages 2-
Volume 52, Issue 4
Displaying 1-17 of 17 articles from this issue
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
[in Japanese]2002 Volume 52 Issue 4 Pages 484-485
Published: March 31, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (197K) -
On Attitudes towards “Unmediated Communication”Takashi OKUMURA2002 Volume 52 Issue 4 Pages 486-503
Published: March 31, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt is said that the reality of “society” has been declining, even among sociologists. Where can we experience “society” in reality and commence enquiries into it? One of those situations will be where “society” has been “stripped off, ” as it were. Living under that situation themselves or through their imagination, many sociologists and social thinkers have obtained real clues to explore “society” so far. How do we imagine that location in “society” ? How can we grasp the reality of “society” via our experience or imagination of it?
Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Erving Goffman and Hannah Arendt can be considered to be among those who have experienced or imagined that situation. Their images of it, however, differ very widely, as do their perspectives on “society.” This paper tries to reconstruct their perspectives. The focus will be on their attitudes towards “unmediated communication, ” a way of communication in which obstacles between people have been totally stripped off. One thought it as an ideal of human society, and the others criticized it as a kind of tragedy. This contrast demonstrates to us a crucial point with which to consider how people in plurality, that is, people who are “equal” and “different” at the same time, can ever make “society” together.View full abstractDownload PDF (1882K) -
John H. Goldthorpe, Social Mobility and Rational Choice TheoryHiroshi TAROHMARU2002 Volume 52 Issue 4 Pages 504-521
Published: March 31, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: April 23, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe aim of this paper is to demonstrate the relationship between micro-macro link and social stratification theory through examining the research style of John H. Goldthorpe, one of the representative researchers on social stratification, and the way he identifies and formulates issues. After clarifying the meaning and framework of micro-macro link in sociology, I argue that, until the end of the cold war, to empirically test Marxist and Industrialist theories by analyzing quantitative data had been the most important issue for Goldthorpe. Therefore, his argument was based on macro-sociology and contained no micro-macro link. However, the post cold-war period witnessed a decrease in the explanatory power of both Marxist and Industrialist theories. In place of the two schools of theories, Goldthorpe needed a new theory to construct a narrative that explains the micro processes of social mobility. According to Goldthorpe, rational choice theory is the most promising for explaining social stratification and mobility because, although it assumes the existence of abstract and anonymous individuals, it is where rational choice theory's advantage and effectiveness in explaining macro phenomena lies.View full abstractDownload PDF (1919K) -
Kimiko Kimoto2002 Volume 52 Issue 4 Pages 522-540
Published: March 31, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBased on extensive and intensive interviews with managers as well as rank-and-file employees and part-timers in one of the largest supermarkets in Japan, this paper attempts to analyze gender relations in work organization.
To realize gender fairness, it is necessary not only to explain why and how unfavorable gender relations are reproduced but also to discover the dynamics that can potentially and actually effect change in gender relations. Focusing on communication, miscommunication and “negotiations” between supervisors and their subordinates, this paper investigates both formal and informal aspects of work organization.
The major findings are as follows. (1) Men-centered organizational culture is deeply entrenched among managers and evident in everyday communication. (2) There is a sense of unity among rank-and-file employees, who are mostly women, and part-timers, which consist of only women, against managers-a world divided between “them and us.” In this setting, it is too simplistic to say that supervisors only pass orders and subordinates only obey. Rank-and-file employees and part-timers exercise their autonomy through misinterpreting orders intentionally, doing something that they have not been instructed to, or even ignoring orders that appear to them to be ridiculous. (3) Despite the suspicion among men managers that “ordinary women” are being promoted to store managers by top level management for the sole purpose of publicizing the company's progressive policy toward women, women store managers have displayed exceptional performances by lowering the wall between “them and us.” Although their careers were varied before they become store managers, as managers they hold a common strategy, approaching and respecting the opinion of rank-and-file employees and part-timers. Women store managers represent an immense potential for change in the corporate culture to one that adopts gender-neutral management.View full abstractDownload PDF (2081K) -
Implications of the Great Hanshin EarthquakeNobuhiko IWASAKI2002 Volume 52 Issue 4 Pages 541-557
Published: March 31, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOn January 17, 1995, the Hyogo-Nanbu Earthquake struck the Hanshin metropolitan area. Many people were killed or injured by the collapse of houses and fire due to fatal defects in disaster prevention and relief measures. A lot of people had to stay in emergency shelters and later temporary housing, and rebuilt their daily lives with the help of family, neighbors and community organizations. This recovery process was a vivid representation of an urban dynamism that is not immediately apparent in everyday life.
We explain the various social phenomena in the wake of the earthquake from the viewpoint of Beck's “risk society.” Kobe city's urban planning approach was unduly optimistic regarding the likelihood of earthquake damage in the Kansai area. Also, urban planning policies had produced and was a reflection of class differentiation as revealed by the fact that housing damage and casualties resulting from the earthquake were most severe in the inner city area of Kobe.
We also draw attention to the issues of urban planning and the development of civil activities especially among volunteer groups who played an indispensable role at that time, compensating for the lack of municipal services. This fact can be analyzed using the notion of “bürgerliche Gesellschaft, ” or self-governing “city” akin to those that existed in ancient and medieval history. In the process of modernization “bürgerliche Gesellshcaft” became the “bourgeois society, ” and separated into “nation, ” “capitalist economy” and “civil society.” “Civil society” can be understood as the active agent of social “reflexivity.” Volunteer activities following the Hanshin Earthquake hence reveal a new dimension in “civil society.”View full abstractDownload PDF (2023K) -
Beyond the Macro-Micro ModelNaoto Higuchi2002 Volume 52 Issue 4 Pages 558-572
Published: March 31, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper is aimed at examining the validity of macro-micro models with regard to international migration, based on my research on the migration processes of Japanese-Brazilians to Japan. Dominant theories of international migration, which focus on macro-structural imbalance of labor demand and supply or motivations of potential migrants, are inadequate in the following two ways. Firstly, it cannot explain why fewer people migrate than theoretically expected. Considering the unequal distribution of job opportunities, people in the South should have migrated in a much larger scale. Secondly, it is also left unexplained why so many people migrate out of so few places with similar economic conditions. In the case of Brazilian migration to Japan, the number has been increasing even during the long-term recession since 1992. Examining these problems using migration systems theory, two insights are derived with regard to macro-micro linkage. (1) Macro-structural factors cannot be translated into individual decisions to migrate unless macro and micro conditions are mediated by meso-linkage (imigration systems). (2) Linking macro and micro directly may lead to an oversight of a range of sociological facts though it is often theoretically heuristic.View full abstractDownload PDF (1581K) -
[in Japanese]2002 Volume 52 Issue 4 Pages 573-577
Published: March 31, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (642K) -
[in Japanese]2002 Volume 52 Issue 4 Pages 578-581
Published: March 31, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (434K) -
[in Japanese]2002 Volume 52 Issue 4 Pages 582-583
Published: March 31, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (206K) -
[in Japanese]2002 Volume 52 Issue 4 Pages 584-585
Published: March 31, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (217K) -
[in Japanese]2002 Volume 52 Issue 4 Pages 585-587
Published: March 31, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (334K) -
[in Japanese]2002 Volume 52 Issue 4 Pages 587-589
Published: March 31, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (334K) -
[in Japanese]2002 Volume 52 Issue 4 Pages 589-590
Published: March 31, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (228K) -
[in Japanese]2002 Volume 52 Issue 4 Pages 591-592
Published: March 31, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (193K) -
[in Japanese]2002 Volume 52 Issue 4 Pages 593-594
Published: March 31, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (229K) -
[in Japanese]2002 Volume 52 Issue 4 Pages 594-597
Published: March 31, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (464K) -
[in Japanese]2002 Volume 52 Issue 4 Pages 597-599
Published: March 31, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (269K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|