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Volume 38 (1987 - 198･･･
- Issue 4 Pages 398-
- Issue 3 Pages 306-
- Issue 2 Pages 130-
- Issue 1 Pages 2-
Volume 38, Issue 4
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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Kenji Kinoshita1988 Volume 38 Issue 4 Pages 398-399,495
Published: March 31, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: November 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe forty-fifth annual meeting for reading research papers of Nishi-Nippon Sociological Society had been opened in May 1978 at Kagoshima economic college. Then, in addition to reading free research papers, we had two sectional meeting.
Here we reproduce one of them. Main subject of the sectional meeting was “Summary of Japanese Society after World War II”. Each of following three papers is discussing about contemporary social change in our society. The first treats industrial change, the second agricultural, the third political. But, they are far from exhausting total change. So, in this special edition title of subject are changed.View full abstractDownload PDF (341K) -
Kenzi Toyoda1988 Volume 38 Issue 4 Pages 400-409,495
Published: March 31, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: May 07, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe transition of this country from an industrial society to the service and even information society has gained particular attention. It is surely microelectronics that has driven forward this process of change. More precisely speaking, a revolutionary change has been brought about by the development in both electronics and mechanics. A deluge of technological innovations, such as other technological inventions that have emerged before, has resulted in new products and industries and increased productivity. Industrial robots and other forms of microcomputer-controled machinery have already been introduced into many sectors. Particularly microelectronic technology has a character of labor saving in its applications.
We may be able to call the more radical changes since 1980's the “information revolution”. Information revolution means the emergence of societies in which information is worth more than matter and energy. This revolution has extensively developed with a combination between products of information-goods and the formation of an information-network. The CAD / CAM system in factories and the online system in offices has controlled the production line and removed skilled workers from their jobs. Skilled jobs have split into those that are monotonous and intelligent, therefore occupations have also spilt into high and low. Getting positions whether man can find a high social position depends on his school and vocational education. The information revolution has made educational policies a main issue in official debates.
New production styles based on information technology are more “flexible” to demands and its products are more “soft”. Transition of this product in style from massproduction to “many kinds-small scale” production depends on trends and changes in comsunption. Quality of consumer's goods have been electronically altered by incorporated microcomputers. Information technology has an impact not only on the work organization, but also on the quality of life.View full abstractDownload PDF (1268K) -
Sadao Tokuno1988 Volume 38 Issue 4 Pages 410-420,494
Published: March 31, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: November 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this paper is to make clear the structural change in Japanese agriculture and to show how farmers and consumers are trying to overcome the present difficulties. In this connection, the reevaluation of the multiple functions of agriculture is underlined.
Agriculture in Japan is now facing a critical situation. Its decline has given rise to a lot of problems in the eating habits of the Japanese. On the other hand, it has also induced new movements, such as organic farming and the direct delivery of agricultural products to consumers from the places where they are grown.
These movements reflect a growing tendency to evaluate not only the economic role of agriculture, but also the essential part it plays in matters concerning human existence such as education and the concervation of national land. They can be regarded as reactions against the present situation where the social system which is working on an economic basis and the system in which we usually interact are becoming greatly disunited. These reactions are particularly remarkable in agriculture because agricultural work has the striking characteristic of being thought of as “work” which is deeply connected with everyday life rather than as “labor” which is exclusively considered as a means for earning money.View full abstractDownload PDF (1311K) -
Noritsugu Koga1988 Volume 38 Issue 4 Pages 421-430,493
Published: March 31, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: November 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSince the combination of conservative parties in the autumn of 1955, long political power of the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) has been continueing over 30 years running in Japan. It is “factinalism” in the LDP that has had the long power of the LDP maintained. In spite of the previous-modernism which is based on the principles of political-familism in the LDP, factions prepared the next adequate power when a power fased a critical moment. This logic of “change of pace” enabled the LDP to take the reins of government in political level. And, the high growth of Japanese economy has been continueing as long as one long political power of the LDP has.
However, since the end of 1960's, the policy of high growth of economy has made overpopulation and pollutions in the cities happened. When people in local region confronted with these problems, they reacted more sharply than people in central city, and it produced the “reformist” local-governments in several places. However, they disappeared in Tokyo, Kyoto, Osaka in 1979.
It was not “conservatism” but “technocrats” from Home Affairs professing “de-ideology” that appeared in exchange for the “reformist”.
We also can see the new movement of the “conservative view of life” among the people who are for these technocrats. They are usually called as the “floating voters”. They are very sensitive to the political validity, and always think which channel they can use as the best way to get their profits. The high growth of economy has brought the advancement of living standard, but, oppositly, that has produced people with the political sense based on “living-realism”. It will be the important factor ruling modern political process that how they establish their existance in this society, confronting with the pessimism of the supporters of the Socialist Party and with the cynicism of the young.View full abstractDownload PDF (1156K) -
-the construction of Durkheim's theories of reorganisation of society-Daizo Egashira1988 Volume 38 Issue 4 Pages 431-448,492
Published: March 31, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSome aspects of Durkheim's “theories of reorganization of society” are explored according to his main concern : “security of social solidarity”. Normal-pathological judgement is a means to “rationalize” the social ideal of those days such as “the general health of social body”. The central problem of the means is to define the functional relations among social institutions, by emphasising selectively their correspondence to the need of “social solidarity”. The theories of reorganization of society developed from the theory of organic solidarity into the theory of integration of plural association principles. We understand the theory of professional group as connective point of those principles. And, especially, the problem of integration of “particularistic” and “universalistic” association is stressed. Then we present the frame of analysis of theory of anomie, the central issue of which is dysfunctional correspondence to the need of “social solidarity”.
In conclusion, we suggest the orientation of succession of the theory of anomie. It specializes the analysis of cause and process of the occurrence of anomie, according to situation of each society, but the concern about correspondence to the social need, namely “social solidarity”, is common to that of Durkheim.View full abstractDownload PDF (2160K) -
-Lessons from Cassirer's Philosophy and Weber's Sociology-Katsumi Yasumura1988 Volume 38 Issue 4 Pages 449-463,492
Published: March 31, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: November 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA contribution towards isolating the problems attendant upon theory formulation in contemporary sociology is suggested through the comparative analysis of Weber's sociological method and the fundamental principles of natural science. While it can be seen in a discussion of Weber and Cassirer's critical analysis of the epistemology of exact sciences that both concur that the cognitive process there is contingent upon a 'frame of recognition' to make intelligible a finite part of the infinite reality.
Cassirer went beyond Weber's initial insight that the laws basic to such a 'frame of reference' are abstractions from repeatedly observable facts, when he contended that, as such, the concept of 'function' replaces that of 'substance'. This is a phenomenon which Cassirer traces to its roots in Galileo's initial works. Weber's identification of a regularity in the epistemology of the exact sciences is a shortcoming which stems from a failure to recognise this point. It takes a more concrete form in Weber's definition of his 'ideal types' as the foundation of an epistemology for the social sciences, in that the obstruction to scientific recognition not recognised in the exact sciences is subsequently reproduced here in the epistemology of the social sciences as well.
By isolating this flaw as being one evident in both the exact sciences and contemporary sociology, and by comparing the two respective epistemologies' problematic aspects with reference to law formation, problems apparently relevant only to the exact sciences may be located and used as guides for enhancing the scientific recognition essential to the valid development of laws for sociology.View full abstractDownload PDF (1858K) -
[in Japanese]1988 Volume 38 Issue 4 Pages 464-465
Published: March 31, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: November 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (193K) -
[in Japanese]1988 Volume 38 Issue 4 Pages 466-468
Published: March 31, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: November 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (305K) -
[in Japanese]1988 Volume 38 Issue 4 Pages 468-471
Published: March 31, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: November 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (402K)
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