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Volume 65 (1996)
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- Issue 3 Pages 425-
- Issue 2 Pages 173-
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Volume 65, Issue 3
Displaying 1-21 of 21 articles from this issue
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Yoshitaka YAMAMOTO, Sachio KAWAGUCHI, Wataru TAKAHASHI1996 Volume 65 Issue 3 Pages 425-429
Published: September 05, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPlant length, tiller number and nitrogen content of rice plant (Oryza sativa L. cv. Koshihikari) having produced five different levels of spikelet numbers were computed by averaging data obtained in 39 experiments conducted from 1982 to 1988 at Toyama Agricultural Experiment Station. The growth stages were denoted with the developmental index. The plant length at every level of spikelet number increased almost linearly with increasing DVI, and the differences in plant length became greater among the spikelet number levels after the end-stage of effective tillering (DVI=0.35). The longer the plant length, the greater the spikelet number. The plant lengths at the 30, 000∼35, 000 spikelets m-2 level were 30 cm at the end-stage of effective tillering, 51cm at the maximum tiller number stage (DVI=0.52), 68 cm at the panicle formation stage (DVI=0.70) and 100 cm at the heading stage (DVI=1.00). The plants bearing a great number of tillers at the end-stage of effective tillering produced a large number of spikelets. The tiller numbers m-2 at the 30, 000∼35, 000 spikelets m-2 level were 400 at thc end-stage of effective tillering, 700 at the maximum tiller number stage, 610 at the panicle formation stage and 410 at the heading stage. The nitrogen content was always higher in plants which produced a greater number of spikelets, and this trend had been observed from the maximum tiller number stage. The parameters of nitrogen content of plant leading to production of 30, 000∼35, 000 spikelets m-2 changed with the growth stage. The tentative criteria for each growth stage were 4.5 g m-2 at the maximum tiller number stage, 5.8 g m-2 at the panicle formation stage and 9.1 g m-2 at the heading stage (DVI=1.00). If the plant length exceeded 52 cm at the maximum tiller number stage, 70 cm at the panicle formation stage and the nitrogen content was more than 5.0 g m-2 at the maximum tiller number stage, 6.7 g m-2 at the panicle formation stage, rice plants were liable to lodge, and nitrogen restriction would be needed to prevent this from occurring.View full abstractDownload PDF (730K) -
Yasunori NAKAJIMA, Minoru SEKI, Shigenori TAKAHASHI1996 Volume 65 Issue 3 Pages 430-436
Published: September 05, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of mixed coating of seed with oxygen-generating chemicals containing 16% calcium peroxide (CaO2) and clay on the seedling emergence of rice (Oryza sativa L.) from flooded soil were examined. The emergence of seedlings was improved by coating seeds with oxygen-generating chemicals and clay mixed coating compared with only a single coating of oxygen-generating chemicals. However, the effect of mixed coating was different with clay. Diatomaceous earth 1 and Japanese acid clay 1 of the montmorillonite group showed a larger effect on emergence than clay of the kaolinite group. From the observation of flooded soil mixed with 0.3% methylen b1ue, where the oxidized area becomes blue, the size of the oxidized area around the seed was found to be larger for the mixed coating than for the single coating. The size was related to the collapse of the mixed coating meterials in water. The mixed coating of the oxygen-generating chemicals and diatomaceous earth 1 or Japanese acid clay 1 showed a large effect on the maintenance of the oxidized area around the seed. It was found that the intensity of staining of the oxidized area around the seed with methylene blue was more closely associated with emergence than was the size of the oxidized area. In particular, diatomaceous earth 1 showed a large effect on the inhibition of the soil reduction around the seed. Additionally, a small amount (from 25 to 50%) of diatomaceous earth 1 showed a large effect on the emergence of seedlings.View full abstractDownload PDF (990K) -
Tokihide NAGOSHI, Sakae KAWASHIMA1996 Volume 65 Issue 3 Pages 437-444
Published: September 05, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of foliar application of triacontanol (TRIA; 10ppb) on the ripening of rice were investigated under the condition of shading after heading and of low temperature before heading. The shading condition was set up at about 40% shading from heading time to harvesting time in 1992. The low temperature condition was set up at 20/15°C (day/night) for 9 days from the day on which the distance between auricles of flag and penultimate leaves was ±0cm before heading in 1994. Also, in 1992, the effect of TRIA was investigated under natural conditions which was cultured out-of-doors during all growth stages. Under all the conditions, TRIA-treated rice plants showed enhancement of the grain weight increase after heading and the 1, 000 grain weight of brown rice and the percentage of ripened grain at harvesting time. The effect of grain weight increase after heading was highest from the middle ripening stage. The rough rice number per panicle in TRIA-treated rice plants increased with the number of secondary rachis-branches. TRIA-treated rice plants were significantly higher than non-treated rice plants in terms of the weight of rachis-branches which include the weight of rachis and pedicel, and the hull weight. From these results, in TRIA-treated rice plants under all the conditions, it was suggested that the translocation of and the amount of carbohydrate to the panicle were increased with enhancement of development of rachis-branches and physiological activity of the hull. These results can be used to promote ripening.View full abstractDownload PDF (1004K) -
Tadashi TSUKAGUCHI, Takeshi HORIE, Masao OHNISHI1996 Volume 65 Issue 3 Pages 445-452
Published: September 05, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe observed reaccumulation of non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) in culm and leaf sheath in the later half of the grain filling period, in spite of the existence of imperfectly filled rice spikelets, indicate that grain filling is determined not only by total availability of carbohydrates during the grain filling period but also by the sink ability for accumulating carbohydrates. The objectives of this study were to clarify which plant factors determine the sink ability of rice grain and their cultivar difference. Periodic measurements were made of crop dry weight and the amount of NSC during grain filling period of Milyang 23 and Nipponbare grown under various conditions. Filling percentage, defined as the ratio of rough brown rice yield to the product of spikelet density and weight of a fully ripened grain, was positively correlated with RGR in grain weight over the initial 10 days after full heading. This period corresponded to the reported period in which endosperm cell number is determined. A highly positive correlation was also obtained between the amount of NSC available per grain in thc initial 10 days of grain filling and the RGR of grain, indicating that the filling percentage of rice crop is determined by the availability of NSC in that period. Interestingly, Milyang 23 had a significantly higher filling percentage than Nipponbare under a given amount of NSC per grain in the initial 10 days of grain filling.View full abstractDownload PDF (1004K) -
Katsunori ISOBE, Hideaki FUJII, Yoshio TSUBOKI1996 Volume 65 Issue 3 Pages 453-459
Published: September 05, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSome investigations were made to clarify the effects of charcoal on soil environment and the yield of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas Lam.). Because charcoal contains a large amount of potassium, application of charcoal increased the contents of exchangeable potassium in the soil. When applied at a rate of 2, 000kg/10a, charcoal improved thc physical properties of the soil. That is to say, it increased the gaseous phase and porosity, decreased the solid and gaseous phase, and helped create environment where sweet potato can easily absorb potassium. As a result, it was clarified that the use of charcoal increased the K2O-N ratio in the tuberous root and promotes the growth of the tuberous root, thus increasing the yield of sweet potato.View full abstractDownload PDF (919K) -
Gen-ichi HIRAI, Toshikatsu OKUMURA, Shiro TAKEUCHI, Osamu TANAKA, Hiro ...1996 Volume 65 Issue 3 Pages 460-464
Published: September 05, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS^<13>C-labelled CO2 was fed to rice seedlings for 60 min in the light under low (60%) or high (90%) humidity. The amount of 13C assimilated by the leaves under high humidity was much greater than that by the plants under low humidity. The 13C-labelled CO2 was fed to the plants for 60 min at 75% humidity and then the plants were kept at 60 or 90% humidity under illumination. In 10 hours after the end of 13C feeding, the amount of 13C and 13C content increased in the roots of the plants kept under high humidity. On the other hand, they increased in the 6th leaf and the transfer of 13C to the roots was very low in the plants kept under low humidity. These results support our previous observations that dry matter production of the plants grown under high humidity was higher than that of the plants grown under low humidity, that the dry matter increase of roots in the plants grown under high humidity was higher than that of the plants grown under low humidity and that the stress caused by low humidity increased the partition of dry matter to the top of plants.View full abstractDownload PDF (735K) -
Youji NITTA, Yoshinori YAMAMOTO, Naoki ICHIRYU1996 Volume 65 Issue 3 Pages 465-472
Published: September 05, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe position and the number of crown root primordia in the lower portions of the unelongated stem (below around the 4th node) of rice plant were investigated microscopically using seedlings of a cultivar of several leaf stages. Six rice cultivars with different rooting abilities were also investigated at the same leaf stage. Results were as follows. (1) Although the form of vascular bundles such as peripheral cylinder of longitudinal vascular bundle (PV) changed obviously even in neighboring sections along the lower part of the unelongated stem, the tissues of the crown root primordia were also formed throughout that part. (2) The lower part of the unelongated stem did not fit to the well-known 'nodal root' or 'shoot unit root' theory, while that part except below around the portion of the 1st leaf attached to the stem could be divided by the 'unit' which we proposed previously. Moreover, in our anatomical observations, we could not distinguished the so-called 'coleoptilar node roots' or '1st shoot unit roots' that emerge following the seminal root emergence. (3) The differences in the number of crown root primordia were caused by the differences of the size of the PV within a cultivar, and by the differences of the differentiation ratio of the tissue of PV into crown root primordia as well as the size of the PV among cultivars.View full abstractDownload PDF (1394K) -
Zheng-wei LIANG, Masahiko ICHII1996 Volume 65 Issue 3 Pages 473-478
Published: September 05, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe report the characterization of seedlings of LM10 which is one of the four short-root mutants derived from an M2 population of rice (Oryza sativa L., cv. IR8) seeds treated with NaN3. The morphological characteristics in the M3 generation of LM10 was the same as their M2 and there was no segregation in M3. The lengths of the seminal root, the crown root and the lateral root of LM10 seedlings were significantly shorter than those of IR8, but the number of crown roots and the density of lateral roots were higher in LM10. There was no difference in plant length between the two. The embryo and the radicle length of the mature embryo were shorter in LM10, but no difference was observed in the plumule. The cortex cell length of the maturation zone was remarkably shorter in LM10 than in IR8, though cell division of the meristem zone was normal in the two. Although it is well known that the shoot and root growth of the wild-type are inhibited by light exposure compared to dark, root growth of IM10 was accelerated by light exposure, but shoot growth was inhibited. These results indicated that LM10 is different from mutants reported previously in rice and represents a new mutant concerning root growth of rice.View full abstractDownload PDF (1523K) -
Katsuya MATSUBA1996 Volume 65 Issue 3 Pages 479-486
Published: September 05, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn a field plot where rice seedlings were planted as a single per hill, a difference of one leaf appeared in the total leaf number of the main shoot. Therefore, the main shoot with 'n' leaves and those with '(n-1)' leaves were designated 'N type' and 'N-1 type', respectively. Both types have different patterns of changes in the length of elongated internodes and laminae succesively developed on the main shoot. In addition, the above 'laminae pattern' makes a reversed V shape on a line graph; however, the peak of reversed V shape, namely the longest lamina appeared in node order of '(n-2)' or '(n-3)', which are counted basipetally from the top node of the main stem with 'n' leaves. The comparison of the group having the peak on '(n-2)' node to the other one having the peak on '(n-3)' node are made in N or N-1 types. The result was that the main shoots of N type and those of N-1 type are separated into two subtypes by the positions of the above peaks, respectively. That is, the subtype with '(n-2)' peak differs from the other subtype with '(n-3)' peak in the following aspects: (1) upper internodes are longer but lower ones are shorter, and (2) upper laminae are longer but lower ones are shorter. At the same time, the result by the test of normality defined quantitatively the above subtypes.View full abstractDownload PDF (1044K) -
Yoshinori YAMAMOTO, Akihiko IKEJIRI, Youji NITTA1996 Volume 65 Issue 3 Pages 487-494
Published: September 05, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEffects of nursery temperature (20, 25, 32 and 37°C) under dark conditions on the growth of the rice non-greening nurseling seedlings and growing process of the seedlings raised under dark and around optimum temperature for extremely short period (4 days) were studied. 1) The growth rate of seedlings is fastest under 32°C and it took only 3∼3.5 days to raise the seedlings the a plant length (PL) of 7∼8cm, which is required to plant normally using a rice transplanter, after seeding the sprouted seeds. In this case, the accumulated temperature for this period is about 100∼110°C, less than those of other temperatures. The seedlings attained 7∼8cm in PL had 2.0∼2.1 in plant age in leaf number (PALN), 4∼5mg top dry weight and ca. 50% remaining endosperm, irrespective of the temperature. 2) The results raised the seedlings for 96 hrs (4 days) undre dark and around optimum temperature (32°C) conditions showed that PALN and PL or seminal root length (SRL) increased unti1 72 and 96 hrs after seeding, respectively and attained 2.0∼2.1 in PALN, 8∼9cm in PL and about 7cm in SRL. On the other hand, the remaining percentage of endosperm was 75∼80% just before the emergence of the 1st leaf (48 hrs after seeding), but it decreased linearly to ca. 40% after 96 hrs. Coleoptilar nodal roots (CNR), a1 and a2 emerged on both sides of seminal root (SR), and then b1 and b2 on the sides opposite the SR and finally root c between a1 and a2. Among these nodal roots, the emergence percentage of c was very low and that of b was variable depending on cultivars. The average number of CNRs was 3.0∼4.1, and total length of these roots surpassed the SR length at around 80 hrs and reached 7∼9cm by 96 hrs after seeding.View full abstractDownload PDF (1042K) -
Yoshinori YAMAMOTO, Akihiko IKEJIRI, Youji NITTA1996 Volume 65 Issue 3 Pages 495-501
Published: September 05, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRice nurseling seedlings were raised under temperature-controlled condition (32°C) in darkness or with illumination of 500lux (Exp.1) and 170lux (Exp.2) by fluorescent lamp for 1, 2 and 4 days before the end of experiment to clarify the effects of light conditions during the nursery period (4 days) on the seedling characters; taking root and early growth after transplanting. Exp.2 included an additional plot in which the seedlings were raised under. 32°C with natural indoor light (Maximum: 70∼80lux during daytime) through plastic panel of the incubator. 1) Rice nurseling seedlings with 2.1∼2.3 plant age in leaf number, 7∼8cm in plant length and remained ca. 40% endosperm could be raised under 32°C, irrespective of light conditions tested in this study. Plant age in leaf number of the seedlings was a little promoted by illumination during raising period. 2) Although the chlorophyll content of the seedlings increased with increasing light intensity, the effect of the illumination period (1∼4 days) on that was scarcely detected. 3) The day of first tiller apperance, as an indicator of taking root, was faster in the seedlings raised under illumination, irrespective of the illumination intensity or period, than those under dark condition, and this result led to better early growth in those seedlings, especially in the case of removal of endosperm. 4) The results mentioned above showed that weak illumination, ranging from 1.00 to 500 lux, during thc nursery period hardly inhibited elongation growth of the seedlings, and the suitable rice nurseling seedlings with a length of 7∼8cm for trasnsplanter and ca. 40% of the endosperm remaining could be raised under 32°C with weak illumination for 4 days. Moreover, weak illumination promoted taking root and early growth of the seedlings due to the production of chlorophyll.View full abstractDownload PDF (962K) -
Takefumi OGATA, Yuji MATSUE1996 Volume 65 Issue 3 Pages 502-508
Published: September 05, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study was undertaken to find a method of evaluating lodging tolerance under direct sowing culture in flooded paddy field by the crown root thickness of seedlings for the selection of good eating quality rice cultivars well adapted to direct sowing in Northern Kyushu. The crown root thickness of seedling at 18 days after sowing showed a significant (p<0.01) positive correlation with the crown root thickness of thc plant at 15 days after heading under direct sowing culture. Also, crown root thickness of seedlings at 18, 20 and 30 days after sowing showed a significant (p<0.01, 0.05) negative correlation with lodging degree, and showed a significant (P<0.01, 0.05) positive correlation with the pushing resistance under direct sowing culture. On the other hand, there was no correlation between crown root thickness of seedlings at 10 or 12 days after sowing and lodging degree and pushing resistance. Furthermore, in the case of testing many good eating quality rice cultivars, crown root thickness of seedling at 30 days after sowing showed a significant (p<0.01) negative correlation with lodging degree and a significant (p<0.05) positive correlation with pushing resistance. In conclusion, we found that the lodging resistance of thc cultivars with thick roots at the seedling stage was generally resistant. This leads us to suppose the varieties with good eating quality adapted for direct sowing culture could be selected at the juvenile stage based on crown root thickness of seedlings.View full abstractDownload PDF (983K) -
Hui-lian Xu, Ryuichi ISHII1996 Volume 65 Issue 3 Pages 509-517
Published: September 05, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAlthough many studies have shown cultivar differences in photosynthetic response to water deficit, the understanding of detailed mechanisms is not sufficient. We examined the mechanisms of water stress-resistance in terms of photosynthetic performance under low soil water potential (Ψsoil) with sixteen cultivars of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) from different habitats, which had shown different drought resistance on a grain yield basis. Cultivar differences in photosynthetic maintenance in response to decrease of Ψsoil (water stress resistance), were found at ail seedling, booting, and grain filling stages. Cultivars with high drought resistance based on grain yield also showed high water stress resistance in photosynthetic performance. Water stress resistance (Rws) was caused more by tolerance (Tws, maintenance ability of photosynthesis in response to decrease of leaf water potential, ΨL)in some cultivars, which maintained relatively high photosynthesis (PN) in spite of decreases in ΨL, while it was caused more by water stress avoidance (Aws, maintenance ability of ΨL in response to decreases in Ψsoil) in other cultivars, which showed a relatively high PN by maintaining a relatively high ΨL under the same low Ψsoil. However, there was a positive correlation between Rws and Tws or between Rws and Aws. It is suggested that avoidance and tolerance usually occur simultaneously in adaptation to low Ψsoil, although water stress resistant cultivars varied in the water stress resistance mechanism.View full abstractDownload PDF (1258K) -
Hui-lian Xu, Ryuichi IHII1996 Volume 65 Issue 3 Pages 518-524
Published: September 05, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe capacity for maintenance of turgor potential (ΨP) and relative water content (ξ) were examined in 16 wheat cultivars from different habitats with different agronomic drought resistance and different photosynthetic responses to water stress. Substantial cultivar differences in ΨP and ξ maintenance were observed at all of the seedling, booting and grain filling stages. Maintenances of ΨP and ξ positively correlated with photosynthetic maintenance under water deficit conditions, suggesting that capacity of ΨP and ξ maintenance can be used as drought resistance criteria. In general, the cultivars can bring their abilities of ΨP and ξ maintenances through the whole growth period, but the abilities were higher at the grain filling stage than the earlier growth staged. With comparison of water-stress resistant cultivars, it was found that some of them could maintain higher photosynthetic activity at lower ΨP or ξ than the others. Integrated results of the present research suggest that turgor regulation and ξ maintenance play important roles in photosynthetic maintenance under low soil water potentials.View full abstractDownload PDF (880K) -
Fu-Sheng THSENG, Fwu-Fenn Hou, Shu-Tu Wu1996 Volume 65 Issue 3 Pages 525-531
Published: September 05, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSeed germination rate, storability, and flooding tolerance are important factors involved in soybean production in high-temperature and excessive-moisture areas. To evaluate the effects of environmental factors on the germination rate, flooding tolerance, and storability, seeds were produced in three locations and in two seasons. The seed germination rate and flooding tolerance varied significantly by season and location. In general, seeds produced from the cool and dry fall season in southern Taiwan possessed good quality, which was reflected in their high germination rate and flooding tolerance. Storability differed significantly among varieties and was considered to be a genetically determined character. Positive correlations between storability and seed flooding tolerance before and after storage suggested that selection among hybrid progenies for seed flooding tolerance and storability may be carried out by cross breeding.View full abstractDownload PDF (819K) -
Iriawati, Hiroshi MIYAKE, Takeshi TANIGUCHI, Yoji TAKEOKA1996 Volume 65 Issue 3 Pages 532-539
Published: September 05, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEffects of iodoacetamide (IOA) on azuki bean protoplasts and their fusion products were examined with emphasis on thc fine structure. Protoplasts were isolated enzymatically from cell suspension culture 4∼6 days after subculture. Protoplasts were then treated with IOA before culturing. Protoplasts were also fused with untreated protoplasts of mung bean leaf. Untreated and IOA-treated protoplasts of azuki bean and their fusion products were treated for viability, cell wall formation test and electron microscopy. Viability of IOA-treated protoplasts was extremely reduced after 3 days in culture. Cell wall regeneration was not detected. Furthermore, no cell division was observed in these protoplasts. Ultrastructurally, IOA-treated protoplasts performed apparent peculiarity with an overformation of rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER) and formation of circular Golgi complexes. This was followed by accumulation of lipid bodies within the cytoplasm. After 3 days in culture, protoplasts exhibited abundant accumulation of electron dense particles. Some of them showed collapse as indicated by shrinkage of their organelles and cytoplasm. In contrast to these protoplasts, untreated protoplasts had a performance as meristematic cell and cell division firstly observed after 3 days in culture. The effects of IOA, such as overformation of rER and circular Golgi bodies, were not found in the fusion product with untreated protoplasts. Otherwise, swelling of thylakoid in chloroplast was detected. The heterokaryons were able to maintain their survival for several days.View full abstractDownload PDF (3788K) -
Tatsuya HIRANO, Naotsugu UCHIDA, Tetsushi AZUMA, Takeshi YASUDA1996 Volume 65 Issue 3 Pages 540-548
Published: September 05, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFloating rice plants adapt to submergence by rapid internodal elongation. In this study, we examined the changes in the distribution of photoassimilates using 13C and the activities of enzymes involved in sucrose metabolism of floating rice plants under submergence. Total (per plant) and specific (per soluble protein) activities of acid invertase (AI) of the rapidly elongating 9th internode increased remarkably 1 day after submergence. These increases corresponded to the accumulation of hexose. It is likely that the increased AI activities of the 9th internode in the submerged plant promoted the hydrolysis of sucroce and maintained the turgor pressure in the elongating cells. Total sucrose synthase (SS) activity of the 9th internode in the submerged plant increased markedly after 3 days and corresponded to the accumulation of dry matter. Comparing each value in the submerged plants with the control, the distribution of photoassimilates to the uppermost 9th internode increased considerably, while there was a decline in the 8th internode. These changes were in agreement with the changes in activities of AI and /or SS. Sucrose/hexose ratio of the 9th internode also declined under submergence. These results suggest that the changes in the activities of the enzymes involved in sucrose metabolism may be related to the changes in the distribution of photoassimilates to the sink organs of submerged floating rice plants via the increase in the magnitude of the sucrose concentration gradients which exist between source and sink.View full abstractDownload PDF (1162K) -
Hirofumi 0KAWA, Yoshio INOUE, Shinsuke MORINAGA1996 Volume 65 Issue 3 Pages 549-550
Published: September 05, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (455K) -
Yousuke UCHIMURA, Tadahiko FURUYA, Jun INOUYE1996 Volume 65 Issue 3 Pages 551-552
Published: September 05, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (577K) -
Toshihiro HASEGAWA, Takeshi HORIE1996 Volume 65 Issue 3 Pages 553-554
Published: September 05, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (429K) -
[in Japanese]1996 Volume 65 Issue 3 Pages 555-561
Published: September 05, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1058K)
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