Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan. Ser. II

It is an observational fact that on an average summer day the wind vector of the sea breeze describes an ellipse-like curve, of which long axis deflects a little to the right from the perpendicular to the coast, though on individual days the breeze may come somewhat discontinuously and the direction may not change smoothly. This fact can be explained by taking up the terms of the earth's deflecting force in the equations of motion. The author also calculated the values of the elements in the upper layers and made the entire configuration of the circulation clear. He first treats of a model case that the eddy viscosity ν=5×10⁵, the distance the breeze invades 39km, and the latitude ψ=45° and compares with it the cases of different values of these constants._??_cf. Fig. 2_??_5. Secondly he shows that the problems of the breezes of a circular island are similarly solvable and almost all formulae and numerical values got for those at a straight coast are available without much modification if only J-functions are used instead of triangular functions with regard to the radial distribution of the elements.

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Over the Far East the jet, as well as the 5-day mean trough, is extremely stationary in position and strength during winter. It is a peculiar feature in this region that two distinct cases of break-down of the steady patterns, showing sudden weakening of the jet, persistent establishment of splitting, sudden dissipation of mean trough, etc., take place at the beginning of April and in the middle of May.
An analysis of the 500-mb charts leads us to suggest the existence of a long-period disturbance, prevailing all over the northern hemisphere and consisting of two principal stages which we may call S stage and B stage. So far as the height change patterns of the 500-mb surface between the two stages are concerned, it looks as if they were accompanying a complicated standing wave the loops of which are fixed near the both borders of the continents, and the period of which is about 40 days. It is, here, of interest that the time of each break-down of steady patterns over the Far East closely coincides with the time of appearance of S stage. We have carried out somewhat detailed consideration concerning the linkage between these two phenomena.

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