Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan. Ser. II

On the Scattering of the Sun's Ray in the High Atmosphere (III)

T. Sato

1967 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 437-443
Published: 1967
Released on J-STAGE: May 27, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2151/jmsj1965.45.6_437

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The flux of primary scattered radiation received by the horizontal plane of 1cm² at 75 levels placed at intervals of 500m from 1km to 38km are computed for solar altitudes 30°, 60°and 90°and the results summarized in the following four points are obtained;
(1) The flux decreases with increase of q for given h and λ_i'
(2) the flux increases with increase of h for given q and λ_i'
(3) the wavelength in which the flux is maximum decreases with increase of q for given h
(4) the wavelength mentioned in (3) decreases with increases of h for each q

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Computation of Vertical Motion and Vorticity Budget in a Caribbean Easterly Wave

Michio Yanai, Tsuyoshi Nitta

1967 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 444-466
Published: 1967
Released on J-STAGE: May 27, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2151/jmsj1965.45.6_444

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An iterative scheme for computing the vertical velocity and the divergent part of wind velocity from only the rotational part of the observed wind data using the vorticity equation and the continuity equation is described. This scheme is suited for the analysis of synopticscale motions in the tropics. The iteration is convergent when absolute values of the absolute vorticity are not too small.
A typical easterly wave over the Caribbean Sea in the summer of 1962 is analyzed by the proposed method. The easterly wave has upward motions to the east of the wave axis and downward motions to the west. The order of the maximum upward velocity is about -10 mb hour^-1 (4 cm sec^-1). Vertical motions around an upper-level shear line are studied, and the budget of vorticity is discussed.

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Distribution of Low-Level Cloud Rows and Three Dimensional Analysis of Cirrus Clouds

Clouds over the Pacific Ocean: Part II

Choji Magono, Katsuhiro Kikuchi, Masahiro Kajikawa

1967 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 467-477
Published: 1967
Released on J-STAGE: May 27, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2151/jmsj1965.45.6_467

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Cloud rows of low-level and cirrus clouds were observed over the east Pacific Ocean between Los Angeles and Honolulu, with a 16mm timelapse movie camera. It was found that the pattern of the cloud rows was formed under the following conditions; a moist and unstable lower layer existed below a stable layer, and wind shear between the two layers was fairly large. The direction of the cloud rows was in parallel to the wind shear. This result supports the Malkus's consideration about the formation mechanism of cloud rows in the trade wind zone.
Three dimensional analysis was made for the shape of the cirrus clouds, and it was found that the horizontal and vertical shapes could be roughly explained by wind shear at the level of the cirrus clouds, by assuming falling velocity of cirrus particles (ice crystals).

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Cloud Distribution across a Cold Front over the Middle Northern Pacific Ocean

Clouds over the Pacific Ocean: Part III

Choji Magono, Katsuhiro Kikuchi, Toshiyuki Kasai

1967 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 478-489
Published: 1967
Released on J-STAGE: May 27, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2151/jmsj1965.45.6_478

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A cloud system accompanied by a cold front over the middle Northern Pacific Ocean between Honolulu and Midway was observed with a 16mm timelapse movie camera in an airplane. It was found that the Bergeron's classical model could explain the actual cloud distribution of the cold front fairly well, except the following points.
1. Most of cloud patterns around the front could be explained by considering the vertical wind shear between the neighbouring layers.
2. An alternative band structure of a cumulonimbus cloud and an altocumulus cloud was observed behind the cold front. The band structure could be explained on the basis of Kuettner:s theory on a band structure of clouds.

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A Remark on the Upward Velocity and the Excess Temperature in the Cumulus Convection Observed by Means of Dropsonde Observations

S. Matsumoto, K. Ninomiya, K. Nakagaki

1967 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 490-492
Published: 1967
Released on J-STAGE: May 27, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2151/jmsj1965.45.6_490

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An Example of Cumulus Updraft as Revealed by Rawinsonde Observation

Tomio Asai

1967 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 493-495
Published: 1967
Released on J-STAGE: May 27, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2151/jmsj1965.45.6_493

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Preliminary Examination on Simpson's Model of Electric Charge Distribution in Thundercloud

Tsutomu Takahashi

1967 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 496-499
Published: 1967
Released on J-STAGE: May 27, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2151/jmsj1965.45.6_496

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Orographic Edge Effect on the Downstream Cumulus Activity

S. Matsumoto

1967 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 500-503
Published: 1967
Released on J-STAGE: May 27, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2151/jmsj1965.45.6_500

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