巻号一覧
49 巻, 4 号
選択された号の論文の16件中1～16を表示しています
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II. Kinetic AspectsSHIZUE FUJITA-IKEDA1961 年 49 巻 4 号 p. 267-277
発行日: 1961年
公開日: 2008/11/18
ジャーナル フリー1. Effects of Urea concentration and temperature on denaturation of taka-amylase A were examined by the measure ment of viscosity. The experiment was car-ried out for taka-amylase A solution prepared by dialysis against water. When this solution was treated with urea in an acetate buffer of pH 5.1 and ionic strength 0.1, the viscosity reached a steady value after it increased with time.
2. The final steady value of viscosity increased with urea concentration and changed abruptly in the region of 6M to 7 M urea.
3. The steady value of viscosity was de-termined only by the temperature at which the viscosity was measured, irrespective of the temperature at which the protein had been denatured. It was higher as the tem-perature was lower.
4. If the taka-amylase A solution de-natured by concentrated urea solutions was diluted with or dialysed against the buffer solution, precipitation occurred and filtrate showed no absorbance in an ultraviolet region at 280 mμ.
5. The denaturation obeyed the first order reaction with respect to the protein concentration in solutions in which the urea concentration was not higher than 6.43M, whereas it deviated from the first order kinetics at higher urea concentrations.
6. A possible reaction mechanism of denaturation was deduced to fit all these ex-perimental results. It may be expressed by the scheme
Native protein k1→Denatured component 1 k2 _??_ k3Denatured component 2
7. The rate constant of the first step of denaturation, k1, was dependent on urea con-centration.
8. The denaturation rate had a positive temperature coefficient over the region of 12°C to 50°C. The Arrhenius activation energy, and the heat, the free energy and the entropy of activation at different urea concentrations and temperatures were estimated.
9. The unfolding of taka-amylase Amolecule by urea treatment proceeded with a relatively slow rate, but the protein was readily denatured even in urea solution of low concentration. Consequently, taka-amylase A has a high “kinetic stability” but a low “thermodynamic stability”.
The author wishes to express her gratitude to Prof. T. Isemura for kind guidance throughout the present work.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (779K) -
III. Size and Shape of Denatured Protein MoleculeToshizo ISEMURA, Shizue FUJITA-IKEDA1961 年 49 巻 4 号 p. 278-283
発行日: 1961年
公開日: 2008/11/18
ジャーナル フリー1. To obtain information on the mole-cular size and shape of taka-amylase A denatured by urea, sedimentation, diffusion and viscosity were measured under conditions when the viscosity had ceased to increase with time. A taka-amylase A solution, prepared by dialysis against water, was treated with urea in acetate buffer, pH 5.1, ionic strength 0.1.
2. When the protein solution was succes-sively diluted after denaturation, the dependence of the reduced viscosity of the denatured protein on the protein concentration was larger at lower temperatures.
3. The intrinsic viscosity increased and the sedimentation and diffusion coefficients decreased as denaturation proceeded.
4. The molecular weight of the denatured protein, calculated from the sedimentation and diffusion coefficients, when allowance was made for experimental uncertainties, agreed with that of the native protein.
5. A shape factor, β, of the denatured protein, estimated according to the method of Scheraga and Mandelkern, scarcely differed from that of the native protein. Thus the changes of hydrodynamic properties by urea denaturation were ascribed to an increase in the hydrodynamically effective volume. In 8 M to 9 M urea this was ten times larger than before denaturation.
The authors wish to express their gratitude to Prof. K. Fukai of the Institute for Microbial Disease, Osaka University, for preparing the sedimentation photographs.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (868K) -
SATORU MAKISUMI1961 年 49 巻 4 号 p. 284-291
発行日: 1961年
公開日: 2008/11/18
ジャーナル フリーThe Sakaguchi positive nine guanidino compounds are detected from an extract of the sea-anemone, Anthopleura japonica Verrill, by means of chromatography and electro-phoresis on paper. These compounds were identified as taurocyamine, glycocyamine, γ-guanidino-β-hydroxybutyric acid, β-guanidino-propionic acid, γ-guanidinobutyric acid, γ-hydroxy-L-arginine, arginine, agmatine and hydroxyagmatine, a new compound. Seven guanidino compounds of them excepting taurocyamine and hydroxyagmatine were isolated in pure form by a series of fraction-ation on ion-exchange resin columns and characterized.
The author wishes to express his thanks to Prof. S. Shibuya for his valuable advice, and to Assistant Prof. N. Izumiya for his interest. Thanks are also due to Dr. Y. Fujita for a gift of γ-hydroxy-L-arginine. This work was supported in part by the Scientific Research Grant from the Ministry of Educa-tion.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (590K) -
SATORU MAKISUMI1961 年 49 巻 4 号 p. 292-296
発行日: 1961年
公開日: 2008/11/18
ジャーナル フリーTwo strains of Escherichia coli 7020 and No. 1 were found to decarboxylate γ-hydroxy-arginine and canavanine to form the cor-responding amines.
The decarboxylation products from γ-hydroxyarginine and canavanine were isolated and identified as hydroxyagmatine (δ-guani-dino-γ-hydroxybutylamine) and γ-guanidinoxy-propylamine, respectively.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (360K) -
II. Isolation and Purification of Fragments with Peptic ActivityKIYOCHIKA TOKUYASU, MASARU FUNATSU1961 年 49 巻 4 号 p. 297-302
発行日: 1961年
公開日: 2008/11/18
ジャーナル フリー1. Threecomp onents having peptic activ-ity were separated by column chromatogra-phy with Amberlite IRC-50 (XE 64) of the dialysable active fragments formed by dialysis autolysis of a crude pepsin preparation.
2. A component, F-1, containing almost a half of the activity of the eluate was re-vealed to be a mixture of small molecular polypeptides, of which each of the molecular weights was estimated to be smaller than 10, 000 by measuring the sedimentation con-stant.
3. The F-1 component was further puri-fied by column chromatography using Dowex50-X 2, yielding fraction F-1-a, which involved approximately 95 per cent of the total pro-teolytic activity of the eluate.
4. The sedimentation constant of the F-1-a component was 0.56×10-13
5. Heat-stability and pH-activity curves of the F-1-a component were obtained. The range of optimal pH for the activity of the active fragment was wider than that of native pepsin.
6. The active fragment contained in the F-1-a component was further divided into two components, a major active component and a minor inactive component by contin-uous paper electrophoresis.
7. The specific activity of the partially purified active fragment (F-1-a) was approx-imately one third of that of pepsin.
We wish to express our thanks to Drs. M. Sonen-berg and C. C. Bigelow, Sloan-Kettering Memorial Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, for their help during preparation of the manuscript.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1764K) -
MASAYORI INOUYE, ATSUSHI OIKAWA1961 年 49 巻 4 号 p. 303-306
発行日: 1961年
公開日: 2008/11/18
ジャーナル フリー1. The glycogen phosphorylase activity of various tumors, including ascites and solid tumors, was measured and the finding of Nierenberg that this enzyme is considerab-ly less active in tumors than in normal tissues was confirmed.
2. Tissues having a high rate of cell di-vision, such as regenerating rat liver and suckling rat liver also have less phosphorylase activity than normal rat liver.
3. These results are discussed in relation to cell physiology.
The authors wish to express their gratitude to Prof. M. Kuru and Prof. S. Akabori for their guidance.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (262K) -
SEN-ITIROH HAKOMORI, TAIKO ISHIMODA, HIROAKI KAWAUTI, FUSAO EIDOH1961 年 49 巻 4 号 p. 307-316
発行日: 1961年
公開日: 2008/11/18
ジャーナル フリー1. A systematic fractionation of highh molecular urinary glycoproteins adsorable on benzoic acid has been developed and the four distinctive groups of glycoproteins were dis-tinguished according to the carbohydrate con-tent, amount of hexosamine, hexose and sialicc acid. Each group is consisted of similar but different glycoproteins.
2. The most soluble, carbohydrate rich but sialic acid poor fraction (Fr. 4) exhibits most significant changes in cancer bearing individuals, from which an abnormal glyco-protein characteristic to cancer has been iso-lated in almost homogeneous form (Fr. 4-P-3-glycoprotein or κ-glycoprotein), which is considered to be one of the γ-glycoprotein.
3. κ-Glycoprotein has been characterized on comparison with the normal γ-glycoprotein by the following chemical and physical prop-erties: a) 3-4 times greater molecular weight, b) about 2-2.5 times greater degree of branching, c) lost hexoses, namely decreased hexose/hexosamine ratio.
The expenses of a part of this investigation is supported by a grant (cooperative work on the bio-chemistry of cancer), given through the Department of Education, Japanese Government, which is gratefully acknowledged.
The authors are also indebted to Dr. K. Imahori of Tokyo University for his valuable suggestion in interpretation of rotational dispersion. They are also grateful to Dr. G. Takayanagi, the Director of the Institute, for his hospitality and encouragement.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1905K) -
II. The Oxidation of Reduced Diphosphopyridine Nucleotide by the Subcellular Preparations of Rice Plant SeedingsSHOOICHI MATSUNAKA1961 年 49 巻 4 号 p. 317-327
発行日: 1961年
公開日: 2008/11/18
ジャーナル フリーThe oxidation of DPNH by the mitochon-drial and soluble fractions prepared from rice-plant seedlings was surveyed, and the following results were obtained.
1. The mitochondrial fraction can oxi-dize DPNH, and this oxidation is inhibited by antimycin A, azide and cyanide. Mam-malian cytochrome c activates the oxidation, but the increase due to cytochrome c is in-sensitive to antimycin A. It appears that the main portion of the mitochondrial oxidation is catalyzed by the ordinary cytochrome sys-tems involving cytochromes a, b and c.
2. The soluble fraction can also oxidize DPNH. This oxidation is inhibited by cya-nide and cytochrome c, but quite insensitive to antimycin A and azide.
3. The soluble fraction, when thoroughly dialyzed, loses its ability to oxidize DPNH. The lost activity can, however, be restored by the addition of boiled soluble fraction. The addition of resorcinol and other oxidogenic substrates together with Mn++ is also effective in activating the oxidation activity of dialyzed preparation.
4. From comparisons with the DPNH oxidase activity of crystalline Japanese radish peroxidase, it is concluded that the oxidation of DPNH in the soluble fraction is caused by the action of a peroxidase. There is a possibility that some of the oxidation is also catalyzed by a system involving laccase.
5. The oxidation of DPNH in both the mitochondrial and soluble fractions accom-panies the consumption of molecular oxygen.
The author wishes to express his gratitude to Dr. T. Hayashi of this institute for his encouragement, and would like to thank Dr. Y. Morita of Kyoto University for kindly supplying the crystalline peroxi-dase. His thanks are also due to Prof. R. Sato of Institute for Protein Research of Osaka University for his advice on preparing this manuscript.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (747K) -
III. Effects of Anions on Heat Inactivation of Sweet Potato β-AmylaseSHIGERU NAKAYAMA1961 年 49 巻 4 号 p. 328-332
発行日: 1961年
公開日: 2008/11/18
ジャーナル フリーThe influences of several inorganic and organic neutral salts upon the heat inactiva-tion of sweet potato β-amylase were investi-gated at various concentration.
From the relationships between the con-centration of anions and the rate constant of inactivation, it was assumed that sweet potato β-amylase combined with an anion with ‘one’ unit of charge, was much more unstable and was inactivated by heat much faster than free enzyme. And this action of ionic charge appeared to be non-specific to the kind of ions tested.
From these observations, it was assumed also that a certain condition of charge on ‘one’ site of the amylase protein molecule was essential for stability and possibly for enzymatic activity of the enzyme.
The author wishes to express his appreciation to Prof. S. Akabori and K. Okunuki, Faculty of Science, Osaka University, for their interest and encouragement. Particularly he is indebted to Prof. S. Ono and Dr. K. Hiromi, College of Agriculture, University of Osaka Prefecture, for theoretical discussions, and to Miss S. Amagse for her technical assistance.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (307K) -
V. Enzymatic Reduction of IsopyridoxalMOTOJI FUJIOKA, YOSHIMASA MORINO, YUKIYA SAKAMOTO1961 年 49 巻 4 号 p. 333-338
発行日: 1961年
公開日: 2008/11/18
ジャーナル フリーBakers' yeast was found to catalyze the reduction of isopyridoxal to pyridoxine in the presence of TPNH. A partial purification of isopyridoxal reductase from bakers' yeast is described. The pH optimum of the reaction is at 6.5. DPNH was much less effective than TPNH in the reduction of isopyridoxal. From a comparison of the activities of the two enzymes, it is concluded that isopyridoxal reductase is a distinct enzyme from pyri-doxine dehydrogenase. The distribution of isopyridoxal reductase activity in some organ-isms and rat tissues was studied.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (406K) -
VI. Pyridoxine Metabolism in PregnancyISAO NAKAHARA, YOSHIMASA MORINO, TEIICHI MORISUE, YUKIYA SAKAMOTO1961 年 49 巻 4 号 p. 339-342
発行日: 1961年
公開日: 2008/11/18
ジャーナル フリーThe pyridoxal phosphate content of non-pregnant mature rats, pregnant rats, their embryos and sucklings and the pyridoxine phosphate oxidase activity were determined in the livers. The levels were high in the livers of pregnant rats and low in those of embryos. After delivery, the levels gradually reached normal levels in livers of both post-natal sucklings and their mothers. Injection of the gonadotropic hormone resulted in levels similar to those in pregnancy with respect to the pyridoxal phosphate content and pyridoxine phosphate oxidase activity.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (249K) -
VII. The Influence of Fat and Fatty Acid Administration upon Pyridoxine MetabolismISAO NAKAHARA, YOSHIKO WATANABE, YOSHIMASA MORINO, YUKIYA SAKAMOTO1961 年 49 巻 4 号 p. 343-347
発行日: 1961年
公開日: 2008/11/18
ジャーナル フリーWeekly determination on rats fed on a high fat diet for 4 weeks revealed a gradual decrease in the pyridoxal phosphate content and pyridoxine phosphate oxidase activity. This was prevented by the simultaneous ad-ministration of FMN. Similarly, oral admi-nistration of butyrate caused a decrease in the pyridoxal phosphate content and pyridox-ine phosphate oxidase activity. Caproate, stearic acid and palmitic acid had similar effects. The decrease was prevented by the simultaneous injection of riboflavin. In these cases the depression of pyridoxal phosphate content was probably due to a decrease in the pyridoxine phosphate oxidase activity.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (322K) -
SADAKO SUGAI1961 年 49 巻 4 号 p. 348-352
発行日: 1961年
公開日: 2008/11/18
ジャーナル フリー1. Streptococcal ghosts obtained by lys-ing protoplasts in hypotonic media were shown to form streptolysin S' when 0.2M succinate was present in the incubation medium.
2. Thioglycolic acid, cysteine and gluta-thione stimulated streptolysin formation by ghosts.
3. Chloramphenicol and β-DL-phenylse-rine inhibited streptolysin formation by ghosts and the latter inhibition was reversed by phenylalanine.
4. An acid-hydrolyzed casein and a mixture of 17 purified amino acids enhanced streptolysin formation by ghosts. Certain amino acid mixtures were found to enhance streptolysin formation by intact cells.
The author wishes to thank Prof. F. Egami for his guidance and encouragement during the course of this work. The expense of this study was defrayed in part by a grant from the Ministry of Education.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (323K) -
HIROMI YAMADA, SATORU KOIKE, KAZUHIKO YAMADA, SHOZO TANAKA1961 年 49 巻 4 号 p. 353-354
発行日: 1961年
公開日: 2008/11/18
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (113K) -
KEIICHI HOSOKAWA, HACHIRO NAKAGAWA, YOSHIRO TAKEDA1961 年 49 巻 4 号 p. 355-357
発行日: 1961年
公開日: 2008/11/18
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (162K) -
NORIKO TAKAHASHI, FUJIO EGAMI1961 年 49 巻 4 号 p. 358-359
発行日: 1961年
公開日: 2008/11/18
ジャーナル フリー1. The liver of a Marine gastropod, Charonia lampas contains a highly active steroidsulfatase hydrolyzing dehydroepiandro-sterone sulfate. The optimum pH of 5.1-5.5 was obtained.
2. Scymnol sulfate was not hydrolyzed by the enzyme preparation.
Authors wish to thank Dr. L. F. Fieser and Dr. K. S. Dodgson, who kindly supplied us scymnol sulfate and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, respective-ly. A part of the expence of this study was defrayed by a grant from the Ministry of Education and from Seikagaku-kenkyusho Ltd., to which their thanks are due. Some of the experiments were carried out in the Marine Biological Station of Nagoya University.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (99K)
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