巻号一覧
58 巻, 5 号
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KAZUO MOTONAGA1965 年 58 巻 5 号 p. 423-428
発行日: 1965/11/25
公開日: 2008/11/18
ジャーナル フリーCytochrome c of Saccharomyces oviformis M2 was partially hydrolyzed with chymotrypsin and a new fraction with cytochrome c activity was obtained. The absorption spectra and ultraviolet difference spectra of the chymo-trypsin-digested cytochrome c with and without urea treatment were the same as those of intact cytochrome c. The N-terminal amino acid of this modified cytochrome c was lysine, and the C-terminal amino acid was the same as in ordinary cytochrome c. So it was concluded that the new material was obtained by removal of threonyl-glutamyl-phenylalanine from the N-terminal side of ordinary cyto-chrome c.
The interconversion of the sulf hydryl and disulfide types of ordinary cytochrome c due to reaction of the sulfhydryl group also occurred in the chymotrypsin-digested material. On the whole chymotrypsin-digested types of cytochrome c were rather more sensitive to bacterial proteinase than ordinary types. How-ever, the sulfhydryl type was less sensitive to proteinase than the disulfide type. This agrees with the results obtained on digestion of ordinary cytochrome c. It is concluded that
on partial hydrolysis with chymotrypsin and formation of the new compound, the confor-mation of cytochrome c did not undergo any fundamental alteration.
The author wishes to thank Dr. K. Nakanishi, a group manager in this laboratory, for his helpful advice. Thanks are also due to Dr. Y. Baba for amino acid analysis and to Mr. T. Akaike for his assistance in preparation of materials.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2282K) -
YUKIFUMI NAGAI1965 年 58 巻 5 号 p. 429-435
発行日: 1965/11/25
公開日: 2008/11/18
ジャーナル フリー1. Concentrated suspension of the relax-ing granules, which was capable of inhibiting myofibrillar ATPase, exhibited lower Mg++-dependent ATPase activity. The increasing dilution resulted in the increase of the ATPase activity concomitantly with the decrease of myofibrillar ATPase-inhibitory activity.
2. Two phases of the velocity, i.e., initial high velocity and subsequent stationary veloc-ity, could be distinguished when the time course of the Mg++-dependent ATPase was followed. The initial high velocity could be reduced by the increase of granular concentra-tion or completely eliminated by the addition of Ca++-binding agents. The addition of a small quantity of calcium caused an elevation of the initial high velocity.
3. The Mg++-dependent ATPase activity of the concentrated granules was scarcely affected by Ca++-binding agents.
4. The Mg++-dependent ATPase activity was enhanced about two folds by a low con-centration of calcium.
5. The action of Mg++-dependent ATPase always involves two phases, i.e., the Ca++-sensitive activity and the Ca++-insensitive activity as far as the reaction medium is not
perfectly free from calcium ion. GEDTA inhibits only the Ca++-sensitive activity of the ATPase.
6. The “stimulated” ATPase, obtainable by treating with desoxycholate, was greatly suppressed by GEDTA and EDTA.
The author wishes to express his sincerest thanks to Prof. Y. Akita of Tokyo University and Prof. M. Akino of Tokyo Metropolitan University for their guidance and criticism throughout this work. Thanks are also due to Assist. Prof. E. Ohnishi for his read-ing of the manuscript.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (487K) -
III. The Identity of Menadione Reductase with Lipoamide DehydrogenaseEIICHI MISAKA, YUKINORI KAWAHARA, KAZUO NAKANISHI1965 年 58 巻 5 号 p. 436-443
発行日: 1965/11/25
公開日: 2008/11/18
ジャーナル フリーCrystallized menadione reductase isolated from Saccharomyces oviformis was found to be identical with lipoamide dehydrogenase [EG 1. 6. 4. 3] in several respects. NAD was required for the demonstration of true NADH2-lipoamide reductase activity, which was com-pletely inhibited by sulfnydryl blocking agents such as arsenite or PCMB. The enzyme was inactivated by NADH2 in the absence of EDTA, suggesting the participation of some trace metals probably contaminating in the buffer solution. The inhibition produced by NADH2 in the absence of EDTA was revers-ible. Being freed from excess NADH2 and subjected to autoxidation in air, the inactivated enzyme showed agein the NADH2-lipoamide reductase activity.
The inhibition by arsenite took place when the enzyme was reduced by NADH2. However, NAD protected the enzyme from the inhibition by arsenite. The protective effect of NAD was not observed when arsenite was substituted for PCMB. These results suggest that an important relation exists between the enzyme activity and the confor-mation of the enzyme protein induced by the combination with NAD.
The authors wish to thank Dr. G. Sunagawa, the director of the Laboratory, for his encouragement of the work during the course of this investigation and Dr. M. Nakamura, the superintendent of Sankyo Tanashi Plant, for the supply of a large quantity of the enzyme source.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (585K) -
SIGEYASU KOBAYASHI1965 年 58 巻 5 号 p. 444-457
発行日: 1965/11/25
公開日: 2008/11/18
ジャーナル フリー1. Intact mitochondria were prepared from a ciliated protozoan, Terrahymena geleii W by rapid removal of the protease present in this organism. The oxidative and phos-phorylative capacities of the mitochondria were mainly studied with an oxygen electrode apparatus.
2. As with the mammalian system, the mitochondria oxidized succinate, most NAD-linked substrates and ascorbate-TMPD. Suc-cinate was the best substrate oxidized, while NADH and α-glycerophosphate were very poor. DL-Lactate was oxidized quite rapidly.
3. Phosphorylative efficiencies (ADP:O ratio) of 1.5 to 2.5 for NAD-linked substrates, 1.2 to 1.4 for succinate, 1.1 to 1.5 for lactate and 0.7 to 0.9 for ascorbate-TMPD were observed. The respiratory control ratios were also measured with various substrates. These were 2 to 3 for succinate and NAD-linked substrates other than pyruvate and β-hydroxy-butyrate (1.4 to 1.6), 1.3 for ascorbate-TMPD and 1.9 for lactate.
4. KCN, azide, malonate, DNP, chlor-promazine, pentachlorophenol and oligomycin inhibited or uncoupled the oxidative phos-phorylation of the present mitochondria in essentially the same way as that of the mammalian system. However, the following inhibitors had different effects. Antimycin A at a sufficient concentration (1×10-8M) to inhibit the respiration of the mammalian system did not inhibit that of the present mitochondria. Antimycin A at the concen-tration of 10-5M only slighly inhibited respi-ration. Amytal did not inhibit electron transfer, and acted as an uncoupler only with NAD-linked substrate respiration. Dicumarol, like malonate, inhibited electron transfer only with succinate respiration. Tributyltin chloride behaved as an uncoupler like DNP.
5. The present mitochondria showed distinct absorption bands of c+c1-type and b-type cytochromes but no clear α-type cyto-chrome band. The band of the b-type cyto-chrome appeared at a slightly shorter wave length than that of mammalian cytochrome b.
The author wishes to express his thanks to Prof. K. Okunuki, Prof. B. Hagihara and Dr. M. Masuzumi for their kind advices during this work, and also to Mr. S. Matuki for his excellent technical assistance in cell culture.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (973K) -
TADASHI OKADA, MIKI GOTO1965 年 58 巻 5 号 p. 458-462
発行日: 1965/11/25
公開日: 2008/11/18
ジャーナル フリーThe biosynthesis of sepiapterin by Droso-phila melanogaster (se) was investigated with 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-hydroxym ethylpteridin e-10-C14 and reduced 2-amino-4-hydroxypteridine-10-C14. It was found that after growth with both labelled compounds radioactive isoxan-thopterin and sepiapterin could be isolated by paper chromatography from the adult flies. This evidence show that the hypothesis concerning the biosynthesis of Drosophila-pteridines postulated by us is correct.
The authors wish to thank Professor Kunio Kigoshi for valuable discussions and suggestions.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (358K) -
KUNITARO IMAICHI, JUN-ICHI FUKUDA, KAORU OYAMA, AKIO MUKAWA1965 年 58 巻 5 号 p. 463-469
発行日: 1965/11/25
公開日: 2008/11/18
ジャーナル フリー1. Fatty acid composition sof adipose tissue taken from the abdominal wall, mesen-tery, . arm, thigh, hand and foot were examined by gas-liquid chromatography, Fatty acid compositions of the abdominal wall and mesentery were similar, and the compositions of extremities were markedly and persistently different from those of abdominal wall or mesentery.
2. Systematic differences were observed in the contents of saturated and monoenoic acids, and adipose tissue appeared to regulate the ratio of monoenoic acids to saturated acids to adjust its physical property.
3. Determination of iodine value of fat revealed results coincidental with the difference in fatty acid composition of adipose tissue.
4. C20:1 and C22:1 contents were signifi-cantly lower in extremities than in trunk, contrarily to higher contents of C14:1 and C16:1. Clsa took a neutral attitude and its content did not show any meaningful difference through various adipose sites.
5. Fatty acids which revealed marked deviation in their contents were those which could be synthesized in the human body. On the other hand, the C18:2 content was reason-ably constant through various adipose sites. Therefore, the contribution of selective syn-thesis or selectively regulated unsaturation of fatty acids in adipose tissue to the above mentioned deviation of fatty acid composition was considered.
The authors wish to express their thanks to Mrs. M. Yamazaki and Miss T. Hirose for their technical assistance and to Mr. R.E. Kays and Mr. Y. Inada for their help during preparation of the manuscript.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (463K) -
SHOJIRO SATO, KIYOMI SATO1965 年 58 巻 5 号 p. 470-479
発行日: 1965/11/25
公開日: 2008/11/18
ジャーナル フリー1. Like amytal, 2, 3, 5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) inhibited aerobic oxidation of many of NAD+-linked substrates but not that of succinate.
2. The site of TTC inhibition was as-sumed to be located between flavoprotein and the ubiquinone-cytochrome b region on the electron transport pathway. The inhibition of respiration by TTC was not relieved by 2, 4-dinitrophenol (DNP).
3. TTC was found to uncouple the phos-phorylation associated with the succinate oxida-tion in agreement with the previous observa-tion of Otori.
4. Unlike amytal, TTC did not inhibit choline oxidation. Further, TTC enhanced the rates of oxidation of both succinate and choline in the absence of hexokinase and glucose, presumably being due to its uncoupl-ing effect.
5. Some of the implications concerned with the above results were discussed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (694K) -
IV. Biosynthesis of Cholesterol and Its Regulation in Dispersed Rat Liver CellsAKIRA ICHIHARA, EIZO KOYAMA, YOSHIRO TAKEDA1965 年 58 巻 5 号 p. 480-486
発行日: 1965/11/25
公開日: 2008/11/18
ジャーナル フリーRat liver dispersed cells showed activities to synthesize cholesterol as well as lipid by means of 1-C14-acetate incorporation, when they were fortified with various cofactors, such as Mn++, Mg++, NADPH, ATP, GSH and citrate. The stimulatory effect of citrate on cholesterol synthesis was about half of that on lipid synthesis. Malonyl-CoA was found to be a better precursor of cholesterol than acetate. The dispersed liver cells isolated from diabetic rats showed no impairment of cholesterol synthesis, whereas lipid synthesis was depressed to one third of normal. From these results, it was suggested that malonyl-CoA may be a physiological intermediate for cholesterol synthesis, as well as lipid forma-tion, but condensation of two moles of acetyl-CoA may become an important shunt when formation of malonyl-CoA is disturbed, as in the diabetic state.
Insulin stimulated cholesterol formation as well as lipid synthesis only when added with pyruvate. In contrast to its inhibitory effect on lipid synthesis, epinephrine also stimulated cholesterol synthesis. The me-chanism regulating cholesterol formation was discussed in connection with lipid synthesis.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (512K) -
YOUPIN TSAY, ARASUKE NISHI, TOMOMICHI YANAGITA1965 年 58 巻 5 号 p. 487-493
発行日: 1965/11/25
公開日: 2008/11/18
ジャーナル フリーSince CO2 has been known to be one of the essential factors for the initiation of germination in Aspergillus oryzae conidia, the C14O2-fixation pattern in the germinating co-nidia was examined.
During the early phase of germination,
C14O2 was rapidly incorporated into the 50% ethanol soluble fraction and then finally fixed in macromolecular substances, especially in RNA. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of the labeled compounds in the 50% ethanol soluble fraction by means of paper chromatography and autoradiography, followed by the radioactivity measurement of each spot, revealed that the major primary product of CO2-fixation is possibly malate. Some other dicarboxylic acids, amino acids and nucleotides were also identified in the fraction. Among nucleotides, uridine and adenine nucleotides were the major nucleotides so far detected in the conidia of early germination.
When the conidia were incubated in phosphate buffer, in which even the swelling of conidia and, in turn, the germination do not occur, the characteristic difference in the labeling pattern from that of germinating conidia was found in amino acids. In germi-nating conidia, amino acids labeled were glutamate, glutamine and aspartate, whereas in the “non-germinating” conidia only glutamate and aspartate were labeled ap-preciably. This finding suggests an important role of glutamine in the initiation of germina-tion.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1474K) -
I. Isolation and Characterization of the Glucuronic Acid Bound OvalbuminTAKENORI TANIMURA, MORIZO ISHIDATE1965 年 58 巻 5 号 p. 494-500
発行日: 1965/11/25
公開日: 2008/11/18
ジャーナル フリー1. The reaction of glucuronic acid with ovalbumin under the condition which was used in the inactivation of toxins was investi-gated. Glucuronic acid was found to bind with ovalbumin by a covalent bond.
2. The binding site was the c-amino group of lysine in the ovalbumin molecule.
3. The glucuronic acid bound to oval-bumin could not be released from the protein by dialysis, deionization and electrophoresis, and it showed a negative result to the naphtho-resorcinol reaction.
4. Since the binding ratio of glucose under similar conditions was less than one tenth of glucuronic acid, it was suggested that the inactivation effect of glucuronic acid on toxins and viruses was due to its binding to their proteins.
The authors acknowledge the valuable discussions of Prof. Z. Tamura during the course of this investi-gation. The authors also wish to thank Drs. Y. Nakajima and M. Kawada for the gift of C14-glucuronic acid and C14-glucose.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1269K) -
II. Immunological Properties of the CompoundYASUKO TAKEDA, MORIZO ISHIDATE1965 年 58 巻 5 号 p. 501-506
発行日: 1965/11/25
公開日: 2008/11/18
ジャーナル フリーUsing OA and OA-G as antigens, antisera were obtained from rabbits. Anti-OA and anti-OA-G serum were submitted to various immunological tests against OA and OA-G, such as tube precipitin test, precipitation test by double diffusion in agar gel, immunoelec-trophoresis, and specific absorption test. By tube precipitin test, it was observed that anti-OA and anti-OA-G serum were cross-reacted against OA and OA-G respectively. Precipita-tion by double diffusion in agar gel did not revealed any antigenic difference between OA and OA-G. On immunoelectrophoresis, when OA and OA-G were separated electrophoreti-cally in an agar layer and antisera were intro-duced into the horizontal trough, the specific precipitin are was each single. Furthermore, anti-OA-G serum, after it was absorbed with OA, gave no specific precipitate with OA-G.
Consequently, no notable difference was observed antigenic properties between OA and OA-G.
The authors express our gratitude to Dr. T. Sawada, Japan BCG Laboratory and Dr. K. Yusawa, Research Institute of Tuberculosis, Japan Antituber-culosis Association for biological assistance during this study and thanks are also due to Miss H. Ushiyama and Mrs. N. Matsuzawa, for supplying the antisera.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (329K) -
KOZO NARITA, MITSUTARO AKAO1965 年 58 巻 5 号 p. 507-508
発行日: 1965/11/25
公開日: 2008/11/18
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (170K) -
TAKAYUKI OZAWA, KUNIO YAGI1965 年 58 巻 5 号 p. 509-511
発行日: 1965/11/25
公開日: 2008/11/18
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (191K) -
HIDEO OTSUKA, KEN INOUYE, FUSAKO SHINOZAKI, MAKOTO KANAYAMA1965 年 58 巻 5 号 p. 512-514
発行日: 1965/11/25
公開日: 2008/11/18
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AKIHIRO OTA, REIKO OSHINO, BUNJI HAGIHARA1965 年 58 巻 5 号 p. 515-518
発行日: 1965/11/25
公開日: 2008/11/18
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (280K)
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