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Article type: Cover
2002 Volume 57 Issue 8 Pages
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Article type: Index
2002 Volume 57 Issue 8 Pages
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Article type: Index
2002 Volume 57 Issue 8 Pages
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Takaaki Fujita
2002 Volume 57 Issue 8 Pages
559-567
Published: August 05, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2011
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In a tokamak, one of toroidal shaped magnetic confinement systems, a large toroidal current induced in a high temperature plasma produces helical magnetic fields to confine the plasma itself. Therefore, the spatial structure of confining magnetic fields can be determined by measuring the profile of the plasma current. This can lead to the understanding of the transport and stability properties of the plasma. In this review, a novel technique using the motional Stark effect to measure the current profile in the JT-60 tokamak is shown. With the aid of this technique, a new operational mode of a tokamak, with which the plasma confinement can be substantially improved, has been discovered. Recent experimental results of confinement improvement with the current profile control are presented.
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Yutaka Ueno, Kiyoshi Asai, Katsutoshi Takahashi, Chikara Sato
2002 Volume 57 Issue 8 Pages
568-574
Published: August 05, 2002
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Single particle analysis in electron microscopy is a method to reconstruct the three-dimensional images of protein molecules from many projection images. This method enables structural studies of membrane proteins that have been difficult to crystallize. This review summarizes certain principles of image processing and three dimensional reconstruction used in single particle analysis. Recent results of successful analysis by this method are described, and further improvements and current problems are discussed.
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Anomalous Microwave Conductivity and Dielectricity
Naoki Toyota, Hiroshi Matsui
2002 Volume 57 Issue 8 Pages
575-580
Published: August 05, 2002
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The π electronic system in the title charge-transfer salt undergoes a phase transition at 8 K from a paramagnetic metal to an antiferromagnetic insulator. Above 8 K, it is a metal with high electrical conductivity as far as the dc conductivity concerned. When a microwave electric field is applied, however, there appear anomalies in the real (conductive) and imaginary (dielectric) parts of the complex conductivity. What happens there? Here are presented quite unusual and novel phenomena in a “dielectric metal” in which are entangled three fundamental electronic functions,
i.e., conductivity, magnetism and dielectricity.
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Some Exact Results
Satoshi Fujimoto
2002 Volume 57 Issue 8 Pages
580-583
Published: August 05, 2002
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Exact results about dynamical transport properties of quantum many-body systems are quite limited. For quantum one-dimensional (1
D) exactly solvable systems, Drude weight at finite temperatures provides important and exact informations about dynamical properties. In the present article, we briefly review the recent developement of the transport theory related to the finite temperature Drude weight.
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Hiroyasu Shimizu, Toshiaki Iitaka
2002 Volume 57 Issue 8 Pages
583-587
Published: August 05, 2002
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The rare-gas solid argon has provided an ideal system to study the fundamental material-science. A considerable amount of effort has been expended in attempts to determine the best interatomic potentials. Recently, elastic properties of solid Ar and their pressure dependence have been determined up to
P=70 GPa, which can provide the standard data to estimate interatomic potentials. By considering these experiments, the first-principles calculation has been performed very recently. We present the topics of experimental and theoretical studies for solid Ar at very high pressures.
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Kouichi Hagino, Noboru Takigawa
2002 Volume 57 Issue 8 Pages
588-591
Published: August 05, 2002
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Heavy-ion fusion reactions take place via quantum tunneling when the incident energy is below the Coulomb barrier. Since the tunneling probability depends on the barrier height exponentially, the fusion cross section is sensitive to the nuclear intrinsic degrees of freedom such as deformation, rotation and vibrational modes of excitation of the target and/or projectile nuclei. It has been recognised that the effects of coupling of the relative motion between the colliding nuclei to nuclear intrinsic degrees of freedom can be well expressed in terms of a distribution of potential barriers. This has opened up the possibility of using the heavyion fusion reaction as a “quantum tunneling microscope” in order to investigate the static as well as dynamical properities of atomic nuclei. We review the activities of this exciting current research field, focusing particularly on the deformation parameters describing nuclear shapes.
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Yoshihiro Ohta, Tomohiro Hattori
2002 Volume 57 Issue 8 Pages
592-595
Published: August 05, 2002
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Mitochondria are organelles which utilize their electric potentials to work as electric cells do. How do their electric potentials change during their work? In order to know these phenomena, it is necessary to measure the single mitochondria, since the generation of membrane potential depends on the mitochondrion. Here we report the methods and the significance.
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[in Japanese]
2002 Volume 57 Issue 8 Pages
596-599
Published: August 05, 2002
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
Article type: Article
2002 Volume 57 Issue 8 Pages
600-602
Published: August 05, 2002
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Toshimitsu Yamazaki
Article type: Article
2002 Volume 57 Issue 8 Pages
603-604
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Koji Sumino
Article type: Article
2002 Volume 57 Issue 8 Pages
605-
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2002 Volume 57 Issue 8 Pages
606-607
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2002 Volume 57 Issue 8 Pages
607-
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2002 Volume 57 Issue 8 Pages
608-
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2002 Volume 57 Issue 8 Pages
608-609
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2002 Volume 57 Issue 8 Pages
609-
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2002 Volume 57 Issue 8 Pages
610-
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2002 Volume 57 Issue 8 Pages
610-611
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2002 Volume 57 Issue 8 Pages
611-612
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2002 Volume 57 Issue 8 Pages
612-
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Article type: Appendix
2002 Volume 57 Issue 8 Pages
613-620
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Article type: Appendix
2002 Volume 57 Issue 8 Pages
620-621
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Article type: Appendix
2002 Volume 57 Issue 8 Pages
622-
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Article type: Appendix
2002 Volume 57 Issue 8 Pages
622-
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Article type: Appendix
2002 Volume 57 Issue 8 Pages
623-624
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Article type: Appendix
2002 Volume 57 Issue 8 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
2002 Volume 57 Issue 8 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
2002 Volume 57 Issue 8 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
2002 Volume 57 Issue 8 Pages
627-629
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Article type: Appendix
2002 Volume 57 Issue 8 Pages
630-636
Published: August 05, 2002
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