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Article type: Cover
2005 Volume 60 Issue 12 Pages
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Published: December 05, 2005
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Article type: Index
2005 Volume 60 Issue 12 Pages
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Article type: Index
2005 Volume 60 Issue 12 Pages
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Masatoshi Namiki
Article type: Article
2005 Volume 60 Issue 12 Pages
927-
Published: December 05, 2005
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Yoshihisa Yamamoto
2005 Volume 60 Issue 12 Pages
928-934
Published: December 05, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 14, 2008
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This article reviews the three research fields for which the quantum theory plays an essential role for its fundamental principles and experimental techniques. These fields are nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), laser and quantum information. It is noted that the important concepts and basic principles of the three fields are very similar. The article emphasizes how a revolutionary idea of one field is successfully transferred to and flows in the other field.
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Piet W. Brouwer, Akira Furusaki, Christopher Mudry, Shinsei Ryu
2005 Volume 60 Issue 12 Pages
935-942
Published: December 05, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 14, 2008
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The Anderson metal-insulator transition is a continuous phase transition driven by disorder. It remains a challenging problem to theoretically determine universal critical properties at the transition. The Anderson transition in a model with a discrete sublattice or particle-hole symmetry belongs to one of seven universality classes which are different from the three well-known standard ones. Here we review recent theoretical developments on these new universality classes in (quasi) one and two dimensions.
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Yasushi Muraki
2005 Volume 60 Issue 12 Pages
943-948
Published: December 05, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 14, 2008
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The first generation of gravitational microlensing experiments allowed a significant fraction of dark matter to be present in the form of MACHOs. The Japan/NZ MOA project aims to constrain the fraction with the new 1.8m MOA telescope in NZ. In addition, terrestrial extra-solar planets will be studied in gravitational microlensing events of high magnification in combination with a worldwide network of follow-up telescopes. Other topics to be studied include quasar microlensing, stellar atmospheres, gamma ray bursts and variable stars.
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Hiroyuki Torii, Naofumi Kuroda, Nagayasu Oshima, Yasunori Yamazaki
2005 Volume 60 Issue 12 Pages
949-956
Published: December 05, 2005
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We report on our new techniques which enabled confinement and accumulation of a large number of antiparticles-namely antiprotons and positrons-in an electromagnetic trap. Antiprotons provided at 5 MeV from the CERN Antiproton Decelerator (AD) ring were decelerated by an RFQ Decelerator and trapped in a Multi-Ring Trap (MRT) under 2.5T magnetic field. This combination enabled us to trap millions of antiprotons, with an efficiency 50 times better than a typical efficiency achieved with thick degrader foils. Diagnosis and control of an electron plasma preloaded in the trap enabled non-destructive monitoring of cooling process of the antiproton cloud. It led us to succeed in extracting antiprotons out of the trap as a monoenergetic beam at 10-500eV, which can be used to study ionization and capture processes of the antiprotons under single collision conditions for the first time. A new positron accumulation scheme has been invented, where a dense electron plasma is employed as an energy absorber. The new accumulation system consists of a
22Na positron source with a solid Ne moderator, a MRT for electrons and positrons housed in a 5T superconductor magnet, and a tungsten re-moderator. This system is fully compatible with ultra-high vacuum. The positron accumulation efficiency normalized by the positron source intensity was ∼10
-5e
+/s/Bq, at least 30 times higher than ever realized under ultra-high vacuum conditions. With these techniques of manipulating ultra slow antiparticles, we are about to open up a new field of antimatter physics such as the synthesis of spin-polarized antihydrogen atoms, antiprotonic atoms.
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Akira Furusawa
2005 Volume 60 Issue 12 Pages
957-959
Published: December 05, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 14, 2008
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Most of people in the physics community has heard of "quantum teleportation." But unfortunately they seem to think that it would be a scientific-fiction type of thing. The goal of this article is to make them understand the physics of quantum teleportation and also teleportation of quantum entanglement as proof of success of teleportation.
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Shoji Torii, Takamasa Yamagami, Masaki Ejiri
2005 Volume 60 Issue 12 Pages
960-964
Published: December 05, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 14, 2008
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We carried out a long duration balloon flight for observing cosmic-ray electrons above 100 GeV by the Polar Patrol Balloon (PPB) in Antarctica. The observation was continued for 13 days at an average altitude of 35km in January 2004. The detector is an imaging calorimeter composed of ten-thousand scintillating fibers and nine plastic scintillators inserted between lead plates. The performance of the detector was confirmed by beam tests at the CERN-SPS and also investigated by Monte-Carlo simulations. We have collected about 5, 700 events above 100 GeV, including 84 electron candidates. We present a preliminary result of the electron energy spectrum in 100-1, 000 GeV.
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Toshinori Mori
Article type: Article
2005 Volume 60 Issue 12 Pages
965-967
Published: December 05, 2005
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Mizue Kissho
Article type: Article
2005 Volume 60 Issue 12 Pages
967-968
Published: December 05, 2005
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2005 Volume 60 Issue 12 Pages
969-
Published: December 05, 2005
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2005 Volume 60 Issue 12 Pages
969-970
Published: December 05, 2005
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2005 Volume 60 Issue 12 Pages
970-
Published: December 05, 2005
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2005 Volume 60 Issue 12 Pages
970-971
Published: December 05, 2005
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Article type: Appendix
2005 Volume 60 Issue 12 Pages
972-981
Published: December 05, 2005
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Article type: Appendix
2005 Volume 60 Issue 12 Pages
982-983
Published: December 05, 2005
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Article type: Appendix
2005 Volume 60 Issue 12 Pages
983-
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Article type: Appendix
2005 Volume 60 Issue 12 Pages
984-
Published: December 05, 2005
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Article type: Appendix
2005 Volume 60 Issue 12 Pages
985-986
Published: December 05, 2005
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Article type: Appendix
2005 Volume 60 Issue 12 Pages
988-990
Published: December 05, 2005
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Article type: Appendix
2005 Volume 60 Issue 12 Pages
990-
Published: December 05, 2005
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Article type: Appendix
2005 Volume 60 Issue 12 Pages
991-992
Published: December 05, 2005
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Article type: Appendix
2005 Volume 60 Issue 12 Pages
i-
Published: December 05, 2005
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Article type: Index
2005 Volume 60 Issue 12 Pages
ii-vii
Published: December 05, 2005
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Article type: Appendix
2005 Volume 60 Issue 12 Pages
ix-
Published: December 05, 2005
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Article type: Index
2005 Volume 60 Issue 12 Pages
x-xvii
Published: December 05, 2005
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Article type: Index
2005 Volume 60 Issue 12 Pages
xviii-xix
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Article type: Index
2005 Volume 60 Issue 12 Pages
xx-
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