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Article type: Cover
2005 Volume 60 Issue 8 Pages
Cover1-
Published: August 05, 2005
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Article type: Index
2005 Volume 60 Issue 8 Pages
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Published: August 05, 2005
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Article type: Index
2005 Volume 60 Issue 8 Pages
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Hideaki Takabe
Article type: Article
2005 Volume 60 Issue 8 Pages
601-
Published: August 05, 2005
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Ryoichi Yamamoto, Akira Onuki
2005 Volume 60 Issue 8 Pages
602-609
Published: August 05, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 14, 2008
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Liquids can become glassy states when quenched rapidly. Such glass transition has long been known, but the mechanism there still remains unclear. Recently nonequilibrium effects such as those under shear or aging have attracted much attention in the physics community. Large-scale computer simulations have revealed surprisingly simple relations in nonequilibrium properties in supercooled liquids and glasses. Particularly marked with lowering the temperature is extreme sensitivity to applied shear giving rise to nonlinear response and dynamic heterogeneity closely resembling the critical fluctuations in near-critical systems.
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Makoto Minowa
2005 Volume 60 Issue 8 Pages
609-615
Published: August 05, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 14, 2008
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The neutralino, a hypothetical neutral supersymmetric fermion, is considered to be one of the most probable candidates for the dark matter. The neutralino is flying randomly in our vicinity and can be confirmed if one detects the nuclear recoil caused by an elastic scattering of the neutralino in the detector material. We review the present status of direct neutralino dark matter search experiments with various detection techniques like scintillation detectors, bolometers and others together with the effects of natural radiation backgrounds. Prospects for the identification method of neutralino are also discussed.
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Nobuyoshi Ohta
2005 Volume 60 Issue 8 Pages
616-623
Published: August 05, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 14, 2008
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According to the standard cosmology, our universe is believed to have undergone huge expansion called inflation during its early evolution after Big Bang. This behavior must be explained within general relativity and particle physics, but there is a no-go theorem which forbids such solutions in superstrings and M-theory. Here we summarize how the no-go theorem is proved after explaining the standard inflationary scinario, and then review the recent developments in the inflationary cosmologies from superstrings and M-theory, overcoming the no-go theorem.
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Keisuke Kobayashi
2005 Volume 60 Issue 8 Pages
624-631
Published: August 05, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 14, 2008
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We have developed high-resolution hard X-ray photoemission spectroscopy using high brilliant X-ray synchrotron radiation. This brand new method provides 3 to 5times larger probing depth, which enable us to obtain bulk characteristics of the electronic and the chemical states of the materials due to the reduction of the surface contribution. Optimizing the experimental configuration, combination of a channel cut post-monochromator, focusing mirrors and a high energy analyzer realizes high performance in the resolution and the throughput comparable to those of the conventional synchrotron radiation photoemission spectroscopy.
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Tetsumi Tanabe
2005 Volume 60 Issue 8 Pages
632-640
Published: August 05, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 14, 2008
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An electrostatic storage ring can store light to heavy ions independently of their masses at the same ring parameters, which makes it possible to store biomolecules, such as protein and DNA. Furthermore, by introducing an electron beam target into the ring, studies of electron-biomolecular ion collisions are realized. In this article, the recent results on electron-biomolecular ion collisions are described together with experimental technique.
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Yasunori Fujikawa, Toshio Sakurai
2005 Volume 60 Issue 8 Pages
641-644
Published: August 05, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 14, 2008
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We investigate the atomic structure of the Ge(105) surface which compose the surface part of self-organized Ge quantum dots (huts) on the Si(001)-2×1 surface using STM. With help of first-principles calculations, we conclude that the surface must have a structure different from the generally accepted one. The property of the Ge(105) surface expected from this newly established structure model explains the previously reported ability of hydrogen to suppress Ge hut formation on the Si(001) surface (surfactant effect).
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Koji Hashimoto
2005 Volume 60 Issue 8 Pages
645-650
Published: August 05, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 14, 2008
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Intersecting D-branes in higher spacetime dimensions are indispensable objects in string theory to construct phenomenological models of particle physics and cosmologies. The physics of "reconnection" of the intersecting D-branes is important in string theory concerning annihilation process of branes, and related deeply to a geometrical realization of the Higgs mechanism. Recently, a possibility to identify cosmic strings as D-branes was proposed, according to which the brane reconnection itself might be observed in future observatories. In this article, I reveal the reconnection mechanism and describe its application to various physics.
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Sigeko Nishio
Article type: Article
2005 Volume 60 Issue 8 Pages
651-653
Published: August 05, 2005
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Tetsuya Yoshida, Akira Yamamoto
Article type: Article
2005 Volume 60 Issue 8 Pages
653-654
Published: August 05, 2005
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Yasuo Endoh
Article type: Article
2005 Volume 60 Issue 8 Pages
655-
Published: August 05, 2005
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Makoto Hirabayashi, Etsuro Sawaguchi, Yukio Obata, Yoshihiro Ishibashi
Article type: Article
2005 Volume 60 Issue 8 Pages
656-
Published: August 05, 2005
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Hiroshi Takuma
Article type: Article
2005 Volume 60 Issue 8 Pages
657-
Published: August 05, 2005
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2005 Volume 60 Issue 8 Pages
658-
Published: August 05, 2005
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2005 Volume 60 Issue 8 Pages
658-659
Published: August 05, 2005
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2005 Volume 60 Issue 8 Pages
659-660
Published: August 05, 2005
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2005 Volume 60 Issue 8 Pages
661-
Published: August 05, 2005
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Hideaki Takabe
Article type: Article
2005 Volume 60 Issue 8 Pages
662-663
Published: August 05, 2005
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Article type: Appendix
2005 Volume 60 Issue 8 Pages
664-673
Published: August 05, 2005
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Article type: Appendix
2005 Volume 60 Issue 8 Pages
673-675
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Article type: Appendix
2005 Volume 60 Issue 8 Pages
675-
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Article type: Appendix
2005 Volume 60 Issue 8 Pages
676-
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Article type: Appendix
2005 Volume 60 Issue 8 Pages
676-
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Article type: Appendix
2005 Volume 60 Issue 8 Pages
677-682
Published: August 05, 2005
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Article type: Appendix
2005 Volume 60 Issue 8 Pages
683-
Published: August 05, 2005
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Article type: Appendix
2005 Volume 60 Issue 8 Pages
683-684
Published: August 05, 2005
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