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Article type: Cover
2012 Volume 67 Issue 2 Pages
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2012 Volume 67 Issue 2 Pages
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Article type: Index
2012 Volume 67 Issue 2 Pages
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Article type: Index
2012 Volume 67 Issue 2 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
2012 Volume 67 Issue 2 Pages
73-76
Published: February 05, 2012
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Yasuhiro Iye
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 67 Issue 2 Pages
77-
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Nobuyuki Hasebe, Naoyuki Yamashita
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 67 Issue 2 Pages
78-85
Published: February 05, 2012
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The Kaguya mission was the large scaled exploration program for the Moon since the Apollo mission. Aimed to reveal its origin and evolution process and also to help planning the future utilization of the Moon, the Kaguya satellite carried 14 scientific instruments to the lunar orbit and successfully observed the elemental and mineral composition, topography, underground structure, magnetic anomaly, and gravity field over the entire surface of the Moon. One of the instruments, Gamma-Ray Spectrometer with high energy resolution, has measured global distributions of the major and trace elements on the Moon. A material composition that constitutes a stellar object can be determined by observing line gamma rays emitted from its surface, providing an important clue for its history. With an emphasis on the gamma-ray observation, we introduce the results on the exploration of the lunar materials achieved by the Kaguya mission and the future direction of the lunar exploration.
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Shinji Mukohyama
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 67 Issue 2 Pages
85-95
Published: February 05, 2012
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Primordial fluctuations are thought to be the origin of rich structures in the universe such as galaxies and clusters of galaxies. For this reason, generation of quantum fluctuations in the early universe is one of the most important research subjects in theoretical cosmology. In particular, motivated by forecasted detectability in the near future, non-Gaussianities in cosmological perturbations have been extensively studied in recent years. This article reviews non-Gaussianities in the early universe, based on the effective field theory of quantum fluctuations during cosmic inflation.
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Yoshihisa Yamamoto, Shoko Utsunomiya
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 67 Issue 2 Pages
96-107
Published: February 05, 2012
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An exciton-polariton is a hybrid quasi-particle (elementary excitation) consisting of strongly coupled quantum well exciton and planar microcavity photon. Since the effective mass of an exciton-polariton is four orders of magnitude lighter than the exciton mass and ten orders of magnitude lighter than the alkali atom mass, the exciton-polariton is expected to satisfy a quantum degeneracy condition and feature dynamic condensation at high temperatures and low densities. In contrast to superfluid He liquids and dilute atomic Bose-Einstein condensates at thermal equilibrium condition, the exciton-polariton condensate is inherently a non-equilibrium open system so that it may open new frontiers in statistical mechanics. In this review article, we will focus on the distinction between the exciton-polariton condensation and normal laser oscillation, the experimental evidences for the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless phase transition, the Bogoliubov excitation spectrum and the dynamical condensation at high orbital p-wave or d-wave states.
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Chiaki Hikage
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 67 Issue 2 Pages
108-111
Published: February 05, 2012
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Non-Gaussianity in primordial density field provides a key probe of physics in early universe. Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) measurement of WMAP satellite allows us to measure primordial non-Gaussianity in unprecedented accuracy. A possible detection of primordial non-Gaussianity shall rule out all of single field inflation models. Primordial non-Gaussianity has recently attracted much attention and has been studied in both theoretical and observational aspects. Here I review the current limits on the primordial non-Gaussianity from CMB measurements.
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[in Japanese]
2012 Volume 67 Issue 2 Pages
112-122
Published: 2012
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Arisato Kawabata
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 67 Issue 2 Pages
123-124
Published: February 05, 2012
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2012 Volume 67 Issue 2 Pages
124-
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
2012 Volume 67 Issue 2 Pages
125-
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[in Japanese]
2012 Volume 67 Issue 2 Pages
125-
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[in Japanese]
2012 Volume 67 Issue 2 Pages
125-
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[in Japanese]
2012 Volume 67 Issue 2 Pages
126-
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Akihisa Yamamoto
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 67 Issue 2 Pages
126-127
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Hiroshi Ueda, Hiraku Fukushima, Yusuke Tanimura, Akina Isomura
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 67 Issue 2 Pages
128-131
Published: February 05, 2012
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 67 Issue 2 Pages
131-
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 67 Issue 2 Pages
131-132
Published: February 05, 2012
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 67 Issue 2 Pages
132-133
Published: February 05, 2012
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 67 Issue 2 Pages
133-134
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Article type: Appendix
2012 Volume 67 Issue 2 Pages
135-137
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Article type: Appendix
2012 Volume 67 Issue 2 Pages
138-
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[in Japanese]
2012 Volume 67 Issue 2 Pages
138-139
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Article type: Appendix
2012 Volume 67 Issue 2 Pages
140-143
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Article type: Appendix
2012 Volume 67 Issue 2 Pages
143-150
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Article type: Appendix
2012 Volume 67 Issue 2 Pages
150-151
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Article type: Appendix
2012 Volume 67 Issue 2 Pages
152-
Published: February 05, 2012
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